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19309199
1.1 system architecture V2
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computing system 1.1. architecture notes
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computing
year 9
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Liam Woodward
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Liam Woodward
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1.1 system architecture V2
processor
''brains of the computer system''
it processes data
executes instructions
processor speed is measured in herts
fetch,decode,execute
MHz
1MHz executes 1 M instructions per second
Used to measure processor speed
GHz
1GHz executes 1B instructions per second
used to measure processor speed
embedded system
often known as firmware
ususally for special tasks
don't usually have an OS
essentially a computer in another device
clock speed
measured in Hertz
how many clock cycles a CPU can do per second
1GHz can do 1,000,000,000 clock cycles per second
cache
very fast
takes up a small amount of memory on processor chip
works as an intermediary between the processor and the main memory
as programs are executing the cache holds commonly used instructions
core
each core executes instructions independently
processors can be multi core meaning more work gets done in the same amount of time
Hertz
used to measure processor speed
instruction
a single operation of a processor
execute
carry out
Register
A component for holding short term memory
CPU
Central Processing Unit
cache
ALU
Control unit
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Carries out arithmetic and logic problems
typically has access to input and output to the processor controller,main memory (RAM),and I/O devices
Busses
Inputs and outputs flow along a bus
Address bus,Data bus,or Local bus
Data connection between two or more devices connected to the computer
Control unit
Tells memory,ALU,and I/O devices how to respond to an instruction
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