Cognitive Development

Six Elements
1. Imagination
  1. symbolic play; role play
2. Creativity
3. Memory Skills
  1. childhood amnesia; memory span
4. Concentration Skills
  1. attention span; ADHD & ADD
5. Problem-Solving Skills
  1. trial & error approach; hypothesis approach
6. Concept Formation
Behaviourist Theories
1. Classical Conditioning
  1. pavlov - dogs
2. Operant Conditioning
  1. skinner - rats
Jean Piaget
1. Constructivist theory
2. Sensori-Motor Stage (0-2)
  1. object permanence
3. Pre-Operational Stage (2-7)
  1. egocentrism; animism; centration
4. Concrete Operational Stage (7-11)
  1. conservation; concrete solutions
5. Formal Operational Stage (11+)
  1. reason hypothetically; abstract concepts; more logical approach
Lev Vygotsky
1. ZPD
2. Scaffolding
Theories of Multiple Intelligence
1. Robert Sternberg (1949-)
  1. triarchic theory - analytic, creative, practical
2. Howard Gardner (1943-)
  1. 8 types - verbal/linguistic, logical/mathematical, bodily/kinaesthetic, visual/spatial, naturalist, intrapersonal, interpersonal, musical/rhythmical
Environmental Factors
1. Family - adoption studies
2. Social Class - higher achieve more than lower
3. Culture - trad v industrial
6 Ways to Promote Cognitive Development
1. 1. talk & interact; routine & stimulating environment; child-directed speech
2. 2. interesting activities i.e. dress-up clothes
3. 3. safe exploring i.e. zoo
4. 4. reading & writing materials
5. 5. help with household tasks
6. 6. Read & ask for opinions
Aistear
1. Theme: Exploring & Thinking

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	Criado por Casey Fagan quase 6 anos atrás