Working Memory Model

Working Memory Model

1. What is it?

   • Proposed by Baddely and Hitch
   • Interested in STM
   • Challenges Atkinson and Shiffrins claim that STM is a unitary store
   • Proposes that memory is an alliance of several different systems
   • Development of the MSM

2. What are the Components?

   • The Central Executive
     • The key Component of the WMM, Directs attention to particular tasks and is determined at any time how the 3 slave systems are allocated to tasks
   • The Phonological Loop
     • Deals with auditory information. Consists of the phonological store and the articulatory control loop
   • The Phonological Store
     • Holds the words you hear (inner ear) . it holds sounds without meaning. Stores acoustically coded items in a sequence for a short period of time
   • The Articulatory Control Loop
     • Used for the words that are heard or seen and these words are silently repeated like an inner voice which is a form of maintenance rehearsal. Holds verbal information in auditory code.
   • The Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad
     • Stores and manipulates visual and spatial information. perception of movements. Deals with what items look like and the physical relationship between them.
   • The Episodic Buffer
     • Extra storage system. It integrates information from each system and also LTM

3. Strengths

   • Applies to real life tasks such as Reading, problem solving and navigation
   • Supported By studies
     • Baddeley and Hitch
       • To investigate whetehr particiapants can use different parts of the WMM at the same time. Participants were given 2 tasks to do simultaneously. Task 1 - Given a task that just involved the visuospatial sketchpad. Task 2
   • Explains in detail about memory unlike the MSM

4. Weaknesses

   • Little evidence for how the centeral executive works and this is supposed to be the most important one
   • Only involves STM so it is not a comprehensive model of memory

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