ATTACHMENTS

ATTACHMENTS

1. THE FORMATION OF A STRONG RECIPROCAL EMOTIONAL BOND BETWEEN AN INFANT AND A PRIMARY CAREGIVER

2. MACCOBY (1980)- characteristics of attachments: seeking proximity (especially in times of stress), distress on separation, pleasure on reunion, general orientation of behaviour towards PCG

3. LEARNING THEORY

   • CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
     • food=unconditioned stimulus= pleasure UCR=PCG=conditioned stimulus= pleasure= conditioned response
     • LEARNING BY ASSOCIATION
   • OPERANT CONDITIONING
     • DOLLARD & MILLER
     • Food= primary reinforcer PCG= secondary reinforcer
       • attachments occur because the child seeks the person who can supply the reward
   • HARLOW (1959) COMFORT NOT FOOD monkeys became attached to cloth monkey mum not wire monkey mum with food
   • SCHAFFER & EMERSON (1964)

4. BOWLBY

   • ATTACHMENTS ARE AN ADAPTIVE FUNCTION
   • INATE
   • CRITICAL PERIOD
   • INTERACTION
   • MONOTROPY
   • INTERNAL WORKING MODEL
   • LORENZ (1952)
   • HAZAN & SHAVER (1987)

5. AINSWORTH'S STRANGE SITUATION

   • separation anxiety
   • willing