Motion

Motion

1. What is motion?

   • Motion is the action of being moved. If something is in motion, its distance from another object is changing. If not, the object is not in motion

2. Reference Points

   • A reference point is an object that is used to determine if something else is in motion by comparison. An object is in motion if it moves relative to its reference point. Stationary objects make good reference points because they do not move.

3. Describing Motion

   • Relative Motion
     • Relative motion is the continuous change in motion of an object with respect of a reference point that is fixed.
   • Measuring Distance
     • Scientists use the International System of Units to describe the distance an object moves (km, m, cm, mm).
   • Graphing Motion
     • Slope
       • The slope is the steepness of a graph
       • To calculate the slope of a line by using: slope= rise/run

4. Speed

   • Speed Equation
     • Speed= Distance/Time Speed is the distance an object travels per unit of time.
   • Average Speed
     • When something does not have a constant speed while moving, its average speed can be calculated by dividing the total distance traveled by the total time.
   • Instantaneous Speed
     • Instantaneous speed is the rate at which something is in motion at a certain instant in time.
       • Created by: Saif Ghanayem 8B

5. Velocity

   • Velocity is the speed of an object at a given direction. To know the velocity of something, you must know its speed and its motion's direction.

6. Acceleration

   • In scientific terms, acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. Acceleration is also means to increase in speed (everyday definition). Acceleration can be a change in direction as well as a change in speed; either increase or decrease.
   • Changes in acceleration and speed
     • Increasing Speed
       • When an object accelerates, its speed increases.
     • Decreasing Speed
       • When an object slows down or decelerates, its speed decreases.
     • Changes in Direction
       • Objects is accelerating if it changes direction.
         • If you can find the velocity of an object, it is accelerating.
   • Calculating acceleration
     • To calculate the acceleration of an object moving in a straight line, you must find the change in speed per unit of time.
     • Formula for an object moving in a straight line: Acceleration= Final speed-Initial speed/ Time
   • Graphing acceleration
     • Speed- Versus- Time Graph
       • A graph that shows your speed at a certain time.
     • Distance- Versus- Time Graph
       • A graph that shows the motion of an accelerating object.

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