SEPARATING THE COMPONENTS OF A MIXTURE

SEPARATING THE COMPONENTS OF A MIXTURE

1. When we dissolve salt in tap water, the mixture we get is similar to seawater. If we heat it, the water evaporates, leaving just the salt If we collect team, we can cool it and it turns back into water. The Cater and salt which we separated from the mixture have the same characteristics as the water and salt we mixed.

   • To separate the components of a mixture without changing the substances, we use physical methods.
     • 3.1 Procedures for separating heterogeneous mixtures:
       • Decantation
         • Decanting also refers to separating one liquid from a solid or another immiscible liquid, which sinks to the bottom of the container. We can then separate the supernatant liquid by pouring it out carefully.
         • This process separates two immiscible liquids that have different densities, such as water and oil, or water and petrol. To separate them we use a special funnel called a separating funnel.
       • Filtration
         • Used to separate an undissolved solid from a liquid. The particles of the solid are bigger than those of the liquid.
       • Magnetic separation
         • If mixture contains ferromagnetic metals, they can easily be extracted using magnetic separation
       • Sieve
         • We can use a sieve to separate solid mixtures with components that have different sized particles
   • For example, when we heat up seawater, the water evaporates, but the salt does not
   • The components in a mixture have different properties, and we can take advantage of this to separate them from the mixture

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