Human Development

Human Development

1. Self & identity

   • Self concept: How an individual thinks about, evaluates and perceives him or herself
     • Real self: Who we are and how we perceive ourselves. E.g how we feel and how we act
       • Honest
       • Reliable
       • Reserved
       • Flexible
       • Easily adapts to new situations
     • Possible self: An idealised image we have developed, based on knowledge and experience
       • Content
       • A leader
       • Emotionally stable
       • Confident
     • Possible and real self have and continued to be influenced
       • Siblings
         • Development of a role model, trust, love
       • Peers
         • Trust, confidence. loyalty
       • Parents
         • Self esteem, self confidence, emotional needs, independence

2. Social context & socialisation

   • Agents/outcome of socialisation
     • My father: Teaching me to ride a bike
       • Apprenticeship method
         • Effect emerged from guided participation. Technique: Structuring , collaborating and transferring
           • Today, has helped my self esteem and self confidence, assurance in own abilities and helped in working with others
     • Peers: Witnessing good behaviour
       • Observational method
         • Effect emerged from watching and then imitating. Technique: Modelling
           • Today, has taught morals; what is acceptable/unacceptable

3. Attachment & relationships

   • Primary attachment figure: My mother
     • Secure style of attachment with my mother
       • Trust that she would be there when required (physical needs)
       • Safety, reliability and predictability (cognitive/emotional needs)
       • Balance between autonomy and returningto mother for comfort and support
       • Development of internal working model
         • Able to seek/provide support
         • Comfortable with intimacy and autonomy
         • Emotionally avaaliable
   • Bowlby's distinguishing characteristics of attachment
     • 2) Safe Haven
     • 4) Separation distress
     • 1) Proximity Maintenance
     • 3) Secure base

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