4252016
Descrição
Mapa Mental por Ellen Rita, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Ellen Rita
mais de 8 anos atrás
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Vision and Lighting
- Designing a Petrol Pump
- Visual display
- Style of display
- Day/Night use
- Supplementary
lighting needed for
the display?
- Characteristics of
the lighting (sodium)
- Could the lighting affect the identification of the
colour of the pump, signage or display?
- Characteristics of
the lighting (sodium)
- Supplementary
lighting needed for
the display?
- Glass/plastic covering, reflections from the artificial
lighting sun or car headlamps?
- Style of display
- Height of display for
users (standing/sitting)
- Visual display
- How do we see
- Light rays from an object pass through the pupil
apeture, lens and inside of eyeball, converge on the
retina. Specific sensors (rods and cones) are
stimulated.
- Brain
- Controls pupil size
- Lens curvature
- Eyeball movement
- Integrates signals from the eye into a picture (we see)
- Controls pupil size
- Pupil
- Controls the amount of light
entering the eye
- Controls the amount of light
entering the eye
- Cornea and Lens
- Refracts the rays of light and
focuses them on the retina
- Refracts the rays of light and
focuses them on the retina
- Basic Human Vision Capabilities
- Visual Acuity
- The ability of the eye to
discriminate fine detail
- Vernier acuity
- Snellen chart
- Vernier acuity
- Occurs in the fovea (cones)
- Requires accomodation - changes in the curvature
of the lens by contractions of the ciliary muscle
- Problems
- Myopia
- Near sightedness (converge infront of retina)
- Near sightedness (converge infront of retina)
- Hyperopia
- Far sightedness - converge behind the retina
- Far sightedness - converge behind the retina
- Lens can stiffen with age - problems
- Myopia
- Increases with better lighting
- The ability of the eye to
discriminate fine detail
- Contrast sensitivity
- The ability of the eye to perceive
differences in illuminaton
- Critical for seeing shapes and hazards
- Critical for seeing shapes and hazards
- The ability of the eye to perceive
differences in illuminaton
- Adaption
- The changes in our sensitivity to light. Adapting to different
light levels, bright sunshine - x10000000000 brighter than a
dark night- can still see from adaption
- Light to dark
- Very quick to start - could take
up to 1 hour for full
- Very quick to start - could take
up to 1 hour for full
- Dark to light
- Quicker- Full takes a few minutes
- Quicker- Full takes a few minutes
- Vehicles - illuminated instruments (red/yellow light and
night-easier to adjust to) - maintains dark adaption of rods - can
see black, grey, white on roads.
- Light to dark
- The changes in our sensitivity to light. Adapting to different
light levels, bright sunshine - x10000000000 brighter than a
dark night- can still see from adaption
- Colour Discrimination
- Contrast can vary for different
colour combinations
- 7-9% males colour deficient (RED-GREEN)
- 7-9% males colour deficient (RED-GREEN)
- Contrast can vary for different
colour combinations
- Rods and Cones
- Rods
- Located through periphery- more
common closer to the lens
- More sensitive to light levels than
cones - used for night vision
- Located through periphery- more
common closer to the lens
- Cones
- In fovea
- Need lots of illumination
to operate
- Provide visual acuity and colour sensitivity
- In fovea
- Rods
- Eye/Neck/Head movement
- Tracking movements
- Tracking movements
- Visual Acuity
- Parameters of Light
- Illuminance/Illumination
- The amount of light falling
onto a surface (lux)
- The amount of light falling
onto a surface (lux)
- Luminance
- The amount of light emitted from
a surface (candela per m^2)
- The amount of light emitted from
a surface (candela per m^2)
- Reflectance
- % = (Luminance / Illuminance) x pi x 100
- % = (Luminance / Illuminance) x pi x 100
- Illuminance/Illumination
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