Using ICT Systems

Using ICT Systems

1. What is a file?

   • A computer file is a resource for storing information and is available to a computer program.

2. What is a folder?

   • A folder holds one or more files and it can be empty with just a name. Folders provide a method for organising files.

3. What is a subfolder?

   • A subfolder is a folder that is placed within another folder.

4. What is a network?

   • A network is two or more computers connected together. This means that they are able to share resources and communicate.
     • Advantages:
       • Allow you to share files with other users.
       • By joining computers together, they can share one printer.
       • If all share one printer, more money can be spent on a better quality one.
       • Work is saved on a file server so you can access files off any computer that is connected to the network.
       • Lots of software can be installed centrally just once and then made available to each workstation.
     • Disadvantages:
       • If the file server fails, nobody can access any files or folders.
       • As more users log onto the network and request folders and files, the network slows down.
       • If a virus is introduced to the network, it can easily and quickly spread to all of the other computers in the network.
       • Building a network is very expensive.
       • Networks need constant monitoring to ensure that all components are working correctly and that performance is maintained.
     • Topologies
       • Bus or Line
         • Each workstation is connected to a single backbone which links all the computers,
       • Peer to Peer
         • All workstations work as the client and server. All workstations are linked to each-other.
       • Ring
         • Data flows in one direction only. All of the computers are connected to each of the computers either side.
       • Star

5. LAN

   • Local Area Network
   • What is LAN?
     • A small network covering a single site. It uses physical cables and/or Wi-Fi to connect.
       • For example: A home or a school

6. WAN

   • Wide Area Network
   • What is WAN?
     • Covers a wide geographical area. It uses phone lines and satellites to connect. It is more expensive to run than a LAN.
     • For example: Cities or countries