BIOCHEM

BIOCHEM

1. THE ATOM

   • Atomic Structure
     • All things are made up of matter!
       • Matter is made up of atoms
         • Atoms: smallest unit of matter that can be not be broken down by CHEMICAL MEANS
   • Subatomic Particles
     • Neutrons
       • No charge, located in nucleus
     • Electron
       • Negative Charge, located outside nucleus
         • Electrons revolve around the nucleus in different orbits. The closer to the nucleus the fewer the electrons that can fit in that particular orbit/energy level
           • Electrons move very fast around the nucleus, forming hazy, cloud-like appearance to the atom. location of electron Is called the electron cloud
           • ENERGY LEVELS
             • FIRST LEVEL: 2 ELECTRONS
             • SECOND LEVEL: 8 ELETRONS
             • THIRD LEVEL: 18 ELECTRONS
     • Protons
       • Positive Charge, Located in the nucleus

2. CHEMICAL BONDS

   • Elements
     • Substances made up of only one type of atom
       • EXAMPLE: Carbon
   • Comound
     • Substances made up of joined atoms