Programming

Programming

1. Algorithms

   • algorithms- can be written as psuedocode or flow charts are to explain what a program does and to correct or complete the program
   • produce algorithms in pseudocode and flow charts to help solve problems

2. Programming Languages

   • high level code- language used to write programs, need to be translated through a complier or assembler
     • machine code- low level code represented by binary numbers and helps to understand how CPUs understand instructions
   • translators- translates the whole code into machine code before the program is run, easier to see an error and debug than complied code
   • assembler- has a low level language written in mnemonics that closely reflects operations of CPU
   • interpreter- translates code into machine code, instruction by instruction, does not create final set of source code but can use dynamic web applications
   • complier- translates whole program into machine code before program is run, can be difficult to test lines of complied code as all bugs are reported after program has been made
   • integrated development environment (IDE): editors, error diagnostics, run-time environment, translators, auto-documentation

3. Control flow in imperative languages

   • sequence- a set of actions that follow one from another
   • IF and ELIF- a decision within a program when the program decides to move on based on the results of an event
   • FOR, WHILE- a single pass through a set of instructions

4. Handling data in algorithms

   • variable- this is a memory location where values are stored
   • constant- a value in programming that does not change
   • integer- a whole number
   • real- a number with a decimal point
   • Boolean- a data type which only has 2 possible values, true or false
   • string - a sequence of characters often stored as a variable in a program
   • character - a single character usually represented as a value
   • arrays- a series of memory locations each holding a single item of data but sharing the same named

5. Testing

   • syntax error- rules governing how to write statements in a language
   • logic errors- if the statement or number does not make logical sense or is in the wrong place
   • testing table- used to validate and justify the program, also stated the expected outcome of the program to show for any errors