Studying Meaning

Studying Meaning

1. Semantics

   • sentence meaning
   • word meaning
   • Interpretation
     • information from your knowledge
     • Literal meaning
   • Entailment
     • principal inference
       • true proposition
   • Compositionality
     • manner of parts put together
       • meaningful parts
         • sentence
           • clauses, phrases, words
         • words
           • morphemes
     • idioms
       • meaning not compositional
   • Proposition
     • abstract idea
     • only feature
       • wonder whether
         • true
         • false
     • statements
   • Sense
     • meaning relation
       • hold within a language

2. Pragmatics

   • utterance meaning
     • linguistics raw data
     • cannot repeat
     • based on sentence
     • interpreted in context
   • Inferences
     • Explicature
       • contextual information
       • world knowledge
       • reference and disambiguation
     • Implicature
       • utterance's point
       • hints
   • meaning by denotation
     • Ostension
       • live demostration and pointing
         • not general approach
           • solutions
             • formal semantics
             • sense relations
   • Reference
     • expressions to pick out
       • people
       • things
       • times
       • places
       • events
       • ideas
   • Deixis
     • interpreted by situation
       • time
       • people
       • place
       • discourse

3. Language

   • Denote
     • connections between
       • meaningful items of language
       • aspects used
   • Expression
     • meaningful
       • language unit
       • sequences of units
   • Addressee
     • receives message
     • active participation
   • Sender
     • sends message