Computers System

Computers System

1. CPU

   • A CPU is a main component in a computer for processing data & instructions
   • A CPU could be made up of:
     • Controller
       • manages the execution of instructons
     • ALU: Arithmetic / logic unit
       • Processes and manipulates data
     • registers
       • fast access temporary data store
     • internal memory
       • fast access memory on the CPU
     • buses
       • connects different parts of the computer

2. Input Devices

   • Allows data, such as text, images, videos or sounds to be entered into a computer system
   • Examples of Input Devices:
     • graphics tablet
     • mouse
     • keyborad
     • microphone

3. Output Devices

   • Allows data to be communicated by the computer in a human-friendly form, for example, sound being output by a speaker
   • Examples of Output Devices:
     • Speakers
     • Projector
     • Printer
     • Monitor

4. Backing Storage

   • Where data is stored when it is not being actively used, usually for retrieval at a later date

5. Address bus & Data bus

   • Address Bus
     • Data is saved or loaded from memory, the address at which it is to be stored or loaded from must be sent. The storage address of data always travels along an address bus
   • Data Bus
     • Data will be moved between several parts of a computer. A path which data travels is a data bus
     • data-bus is a two way bus and can be used to either read or write

6. Ports & Connectivity

   • Hardware Ports
     • In computer hardware, a port serves as an interface between the computer and other computers or devices.
     • Physically, it is a piece of equipment to which a plug or cable connects
   • Software Ports
     • Software ports are also used in computer systems.
     • These are non-physical ports and are completely different from hardware ports
     • They allow multiple software applications to use different software ports on the same physical connection