Organic Identities

Organic Identities

1. Alkanes

   • These are organic compounds that consist of only C-C bonds, so are saturated. Their general formula is CnH2n+2
     • Methane, Propane, Decane etc.

2. Alkenes

   • Organic compounds that have at least one C=C bonds, meaning they are unsaturated. Their general formula is CnH2n.
     • Ethene, Butene, Decene etc.

3. Cycloalkanes

   • Organic compounds that have the same general formula as alkenes, but are arranged in a cyclic shape.
     • Cyclobutane, cyclohexane, cyclodecane etc.

4. Aldehydes

   • Organic compounds that have a C=O bond at the end of the compound.
     • Ethanal, butanal, decanal etc.

5. Branched alkanes

   • Alkanes that have alkyl groups (CH3, C2H6 etc) coming off them,
     • 2-methylbutane, 2,3,3-trimethyldecane etc.

6. Ketone

   • Organic compounds that have a C=O bond within the compound, nt at the end.
     • Propanone, Pentanone, decanone etc.

7. Carboxylic acids

   • These are organic compounds that have the functional group -COOH, at the end of the compound.
     • Methanoic acid, Pentanoic acid, Decanoic acid etc.

8. Alcohol

   • Organic compounds that have the functional group -OH-. They have the general formula, CnH2n+1OH.
     • Ethanol, Butanol, Decanol etc.

9. Esters

   • Organic compounds that have the functional group -COO, and are made by mixing an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.
     • Ethyl propanoate, Propyl Pentanoate, Decyl Decanoate etc.

10. Haloalkanes

    • Alkanes that have a halogen replacing a Hydrogen.
      • 1-chloropentane, 1,,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluooroenthane