Stroke

Stroke

1. Definition

   • a clinical syndrome of rapid onset of focal deficits of brain function lasting more than 24 hours and is of presumed vascular origin
     • if <24 hours:
       • Transient ischemic attack

2. Types

   • Ischemic
     • blood supply to part of the brain is decreased
       • dysfunction of brain tissue
       • Causes:
         • Thrombosis
         • Embolism
         • Systemic hypoperfusion
         • Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
   • Hemorrhagic
     • bleeding
       • Causes:
         • Intracerebral hemorrhage
         • Intraparenchymal hemorrhage
         • Alterations to blood vessels of the brain
           • Intracranial aneurysm
           • cerebral amyloid angiopathy
           • cerebral arteriovenous malformation

3. Management

4. Complications

   • may occur within 72 hours of stroke
   • cerebral edema
   • Increased ICP
   • Intracerebral hemorrhage
   • Seizures
   • Speech problems
   • hemiparesis

5. Risk factors

6. Anatomy

   • Blood supply of the brain
   • Nerve supply of the face
     • motor
       • Facial nerve
     • sensory
       • Trigeminal nerve

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