CCNA2 TEL III CHAPTER 2

CCNA2 TEL III CHAPTER 2

1. Chapter 2: Static Routing

   • Routing is essential for any data network, as it transfers information through an internetwork from source to destination. Routers are devices that transfer packets from one network to the next. Routers discover remote networks dynamically, through routing protocols, manually, or through static routes. In many cases, routers use a combination of dynamic routing protocols and static routes.
   • Reach of remote networks
   • Why use static routing?
   • When to use static routes
     • Static routing has three main uses: It facilitates the maintenance of the routing table in smaller networks in which they are not expected to grow significantly. It provides routing to and from internal route networks. An internal route network is one that is accessed through a single route and whose router has only one neighbor. Use a single default route to represent a route to any network that does not have a more specific match with another route in the routing table. The default routes are used to send traffic to any destination that is beyond the next upstream router.
     • Applications of static routes
       • As shown in the illustration, static routes are often used more frequently to connect to a specific network or to provide a gateway of last resort for an internal route network.

2. Standard static route

   • Pv4 and IPv6 support the configuration of static routes. Static routes are useful for connecting to a specific remote network.

3. Default static route

   • A default route is a route that matches all packets and is used by the router if a packet does not match any other more specific route in the routing table. A default route can be learned dynamically or statically configured. A default static route is simply a static route with 0.0.0.0/0 as the destination IPv4 address. When configuring a default static route, a gateway of last resort is created.

4. Summary Static Route

   • To reduce the number of entries in the routing table, several static routes can be summarized in a single static route if the following conditions are met: The destination networks are contiguous and can be summarized in a single network address. All static routes use the same exit interface or IP address of the next hop.

5. Floating static route

   • To achieve this, the floating static route is configured with an administrative distance greater than the main route. Administrative distance represents the reliability of a route. If there are several routes to the destination, the router will choose the one with the least administrative distance.

6. Ip route command

7. Setting a static next hop route

8. Setting up a directly connected static route

9. Verification of a static route

   • In addition to depingytraceroute, useful commands to verify static routes include: show ip route show ip route static show ip route Red

10. Default static route

11. Ipv6 route command

12. Configuring a static IPv6 next hop route

13. Configuring a static IPv6 route directly connected

14. Configuring a fully specified IPv6 static route

15. IPv6 static route verification

    • In addition to the ping and traceroute commands, other useful commands to verify static routes are the following: show ipv6 route show ipv6 route static show ipv6 route red

16. IPv6 default static route

17. Floating static routes

18. Host routes installed automatically

    • A host route is an IPv4 address with a 32-bit mask or an IPv6 address with a 128-bit mask.

19. Troubleshooting a missing route

    • Networks are conditioned to situations that can cause a change in their status quite frequently: An interface fails. A service provider deactivates a connection. The links are supersaturated. An administrator enters an incorrect configuration.

20. conclusion

    • In this chapter, you learned how static routes IPv4 and IPv6 can be used to reach remote networks. Remote networks are networks that can be reached only by sending the packet to another router. Static routes are easy to configure. However, in large networks, this manual operation can be complicated. Static routes are still used, even when a dynamic routing protocol is implemented. Static routes can be configured with an IP address of the next hop, which is usually the router's IP address of the next hop. When an IP address of the next hop is used, the routing table process must resolve this address for an outgoing interface. In serial point-to-point links, it is usually more efficient to configure the static route with an output interface. In multiple access networks, such as Ethernet, you can configure both an IP address of the next hop and an output interface on the static route.

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