Translation

Translation

1. Definition

   • Transfering written or spoken SL texts to equivalent written or spoken TL texts.

2. Jakobson's categories

   • Intralingual
     • Rewording
   • Interlingual
     • Translation propper
   • Intersemiotic
     • Transmutation

3. Knowledge

   • Procedural
     • Options for translation
   • Factual
     • Special terminology resources

4. Translators

   • Very good knowledge about the language
   • familiarity with the subject matter
   • Excellent command of the target language
   • Finely tuned sense

5. Types of translation and interpretation

   • Financial
   • Legal
   • Medical
   • Scientific
   • Technical
   • Literary Translation

6. Types of Translation

   • Machine
     • Automatic translation
   • Machine-Assisted
     • Machine and human
   • Screen
     • Movies and tv subtitling and dubbing
   • Sight
     • Documment explained orally
   • Localization
     • Adapting products to a different culture

7. Translation

   • Types of translation
     • Specialized
       • Language of a specific area
     • Non-specialized
     • Direct
       • from a foreign language to your native language or a language you master perfectly
     • Indirect
       • Quite a bit harder to do, and less reliable
     • Translation techniques
       • Semantic Level
         • Explansion
           • Amplification for structural reasons
         • Reduction
           • Reduction for structural reasons
         • Compensation
       • Morphosyntactic Level
         • Loan
           • Taken word without translation
         • Calque
           • Literally translated
         • Literal translation
           • Translating word by word respecting the collocations of the target language
         • Transposition
           • Translating one part of the speech to other one, without changing the meaning
         • Modulation
           • Variation of the message
         • Equivalence
           • Transmiting the same situation by using different stylistic and structural resources
         • Adaptation
           • solve a cultural vacuum between source and target language).
   • PrOcess
     • Comprenhension Stage
       • Semasiology
     • Expression Stage
       • Onomasiology

8. Interpreting

   • Types of Interpretation
     • Consecutive
       • Taking notes while listening. Then translates during pauses
     • Simultaneous
       • Listening to a speech and simultaneously interpret it
   • Is the facilitation of oral or sign-language communication