cyber security

cyber security

1. cyber defences

   • white hat hacking
     • a hacker that is hired by a company to find the flaws and make improvements
   • Anti virus
     • works by scanning your program and files and comparing it to a data base. If a virus is detected it will be removed or the infected application will be disabled.However it can only be removed by the malware that is in its database
   • backups
     • to have another file saved as a backup

2. Cyber attacks

   • Phishing
     • pretending to be a fake organisation and sending them a message and for them to enter their details so you get it.
   • Ransomware
     • malware that encrypts users files and demands a ransom to decrypt them
   • malware
     • a malicious software designed to cause harm
   • Botnet
     • a network of computers which contains malware allowing it to be controlled by the hacker
   • Keylogger
     • malware that records every keypress and sends it to the hacker for analysis
   • hacking
     • unauthorised access to a computer material

3. encryption

   • cipher
     • a method of encrypting text
   • plain text
     • the unencrypted data
   • cipher text
     • the encrypted text
   • key
     • some information used to encrypt or decrypt data
   • crack
     • to read encrypted data without being given a key before hand
   • brute force
     • cracking a cipher by using every possible key
   • statistical attack
     • cracking a cipher by using statistics and estimates of the most likely values
   • ceaser cipher
     • a simple cipher where each number is shifted up a number of the alphabet
   • substitution cipher
     • a simple cipher where each letter is replaced by a different letter