Atoms & Elements

Atoms & Elements

1. STRUCTURE

   • protons, +, RAM1
   • neutrons, 0 charge, RAM 1
   • electrons, -, RAM 0
   • number of electrons = number of protons
   • Nucleon number= number of proton + number of neutron
   • Proton number = number of proton =number of electron

2. ISOTOPES

   • Same element, different number or neutrons
   • AVERAGE RAM =(% x mass of first isotope)+ (% x mass of second isotope)
   • RADIOISOTOPES
     • Radioactive: break down or decay over time, giving out radiation
     • Used to kill cancer cells
     • Used as medical tracers
     • Used to detect leaks in oil and gas pipes
     • Used to sterilize things

3. PERIODIC TABLE

   • arranged in order of proton number
   • rows are periods, columns are groups
   • period number shows number of shells
   • group number shows valency electrons
   • valency electrons dictate how an element reacts

4. METALS

   • PROPERTIES
     • conductors
     • high melting/boiling point
     • malleable and ductile
     • sonorous
     • high density
     • form positive ions
   • USES
     • Electrical wiring
     • Used in planes and rockets

5. NON-METALS

   • PROPERTIES
     • non-conductor
     • low melting/boiling point
     • brittle
     • dull
     • form negative ions
     • low density

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