SCIENCE: Unit C

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Definitions:

Active solar heating - Relies on a machine to process solar energy

Central Heating System - Heats many rooms through one place, furnace.

Cogeneration - Using water for electricity

Conduction - The transfer of heat energy between substances that are in contact with each other

Conductors - Lets heat travel through the object easiler

Contracts - Where the object contracts due to lack of heat

Convection - The transfer of heat when liquid or gas particles move from one to another

Convection Currents - Where heat travels up and come down cold

Expand - Where an object expands due to heat increase

Forced Air Heating - Where there is a furnace heating your house through bents.

Geothermal - Geothermal energy is energy produced by the earth

Hot-Water Heating - Where there is a boiler and travels to the radiator

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Definitions:

Infrared Waves - Infrared waves are electromagnetic radiation of a particular wavelength or color.

Insulators - An object that keeps inside of it

Local Heating System - A heating system that just heats one room

Passive solar heating - A heating system just using the suns warmth

R-Value - The capacity of an insulating material to resist heat flow. The higher the R-value, the greater the insulating power

Radiation - The transfer of energy by invisible waves rather than the movement of particles

Refrigerant - A substance used for a refrigerator

Solar Array - A solar array is many solar panels in a group

Succession - The process by which a plant or animal community successively gives way to another until a stable climax is reached.

Temperature - A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in the object

Thermal Conductivity - A measure of its ability to conduct heat

Thermal Energy - It is the total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance

Thermostat - A device that automatically regulates the temperature in the room

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Unit C Stuff:

History of heat theories - Scientists thought that heat was a substance, a thing that would make other things heavier, called caloric. They were wrong, and now they measure heat in Joule (J)

Heat is energy - TRUE!

Heat timeline (in section 1) -

100BC - Romans invent central heating,

The 1200s - Fireplaces and chimneys in houses,

The 1700s - Cast-iron stove-heat does not escape through the chimney,

The 1800s - Central heating appears; forced-air heating

1906 - Electic heaters

Particle model of matter - All matter is made up of tiny particles. The tiny particles are always moving. The particles have space between them. Adding heat to matter makes the particles move faster.

States of matter - Gas, Liquid, and Solid

Difference between heat and temperature - Heat is seen as a form of energy arising from the random motion of molecules. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in the object

How heat affects solids, liquids, and gases - Heat affects them because it makes them change state. Solids to liquids, and liquids to gases.

Conduction, convection, and radiation - Conduction: The transfer of heat energy between substances that are in contact with each other. Convection: The transfer of heat when liquid or gas particles move from one to another. Radiation: The transfer of energy by invisible waves rather than the movement of particles.

Natural sources of heat - Sun, Geothermal, Decay, Fire

Passive and active solar heating - Passive: Using the sun to heat your house directly. Active: Using a machine to help heat your house with the help of the sun.

Hot water and forced-air heating - Hot Water: Using a boiler to heat your house (As well as a radiator). Forced-Air Heating: Using a furnace and ducts to heat your house.

Heat loss - Heat loss is a measure of the total transfer of heat through the building from inside to the outside, either from conduction, convection, radiation.

Fossil fuels and the environment - Fossil fuels don't help the environment, more as it makes it worse. On the bright side, it is the most used fuel and really good. Makes good money.

Alternative energies - Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Nuclear Energy, Hydroelectric Energy, Biofuel Energy, Fossil Fuel Energy

Energy consumption - The amount of energy or power used.

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That is it!!!! Do well on the midterm!