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Introduction

Madeleine Gravely Front-End Web Development Training Inglês 1 página

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Introduction

- So, how did the internet begin?

A precursor network to the internet was created in 1969 by the Department of Defense, called ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network). Its initial purpose was to connect supercomputing centers run by government agencies and universities.

- The TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol) was then developed as a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet.

- 'Internet' = An interconnected global network of networks; the actual network of connecting computing devices that emerged in the 1980s.

- 'World Wide Web' = A collection of interlinked websites and other web resources that was invented in 1989. It introduced a web-friendly interface that allowed users to browse multimedia content and interact with other users.

The World Wide Web finally gave us the capability to interact with things and people on the internet!

- 'Client-server model' = A model of interaction in which a program sends a request to another program and awaits a response.

A client refers here to the user's device or program that is making a request for data.

A server refers here to the device or program in a network that waits for incoming requests and sends back data.

- 'Server' = A specialized computer connected to a network which provides (or "serves up") resources and/or services.

- 'HTPP' (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) = A standardized set of rules for how browsers and servers transfer data to and from one another. More generally, how the browser and server communicate with one another to allow for data transfer.

Process of data transfer:

1. Browser initiates a request to the server and renders website files.

2. Server stores website files and sends them back to web browser upon request.

- 'Status codes' in HTTP = Response when a server responds to a client. It answers the question: Was a request completed or not?

Ex. 200 = successful request, 301 = moved permanently, 404 = requested resource not found, 500 = server encountered an unexpected error

- Typically, devices are responding to multiple requests rather than one!

Process of making multiple requests within a device simultaneously (this happens generally within a second):

1. A server processes a request and sends the HTML file back to client, which holds website content and contains links for additional assets or code.

2. Additional HTTP requests are used then by the HTML file.

3. One or more CSS stylesheets used (request-response cycle goes to website assets).

4. One or more JavaScript files makes the webpage interactive.

- 'CSS' (Cascading Style Sheets) = A style sheet language that describes how HTML elements are to be displayed.

- 'Static website' = A website that lacks movement because it does not change based on user behavior (doesn't use JavaScript).

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