Population Policies

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Anti-Natal Policy KENYA

Population explosion since the 1960's after the fall in death rates, creating a high youthful population. Which causes problems and prevents the county advancing into the next stage of the demographic transition model.

LARGE PRESSURES ON RESOURCES

FAMILY PLANNING CLINIC Marie Stope

Currently 22 centers (But need 50)

They do not get funding from the US government if they carry out abortions

Difficult to gain funding from (NOG's non government organisations) as some christian groups disagree with the use of contraception.

To combat this problem the government has introduced anti-natal policies

Increase education levels on contraception & family planning

Increase the number of women in education (Increase status)

Training for health workers

Increase the availability of contraception

National campaigns about reducing the birth rate. (including TV propaganda on TV shows ect.)

GOVERNMENT RECEIVES $5 A YEAR

SUCCESS

Fertility rates 8 - 7 in 20 years

Contraception use increased by 32%

Prospects for women and girls improved.

Generally better educated population

Available in remote areas

WEAKNESS

AIDS awareness (Large problem) had decreased funding spend on family planning

BR is still very high 30/1000

Still in stage 2

Some people were reluctant as the norm is large family's and is traditional as the replacement ratio had to be high as few people didn't reach adulthood.

INTRODUCED 1960's

China example 2 of an anti natalist policy

Reasons for:

Heading towards a MALTHUSIAN DISASTER

Population explosion every year since the 1950's

21 million babies born every year

Worlds largest population 1.3 billion

Large pressure on resources and unsustainable growth

160 million suffer from water shortages

Due to urban expansion, agricultural land will deplete causing food shortages.

The first attempt to control the population in the 1970's failed with the 'later longer fewer approach' however it was voluntary. Was in desperate need of a more aggressive policy.

CHINA ONE CHILD POLICY

MANAGE POPULATION & IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE

What was done to combat the problem ?

To reduce the number of marriages = minimum age set up and had to go through the government to get permission.

Free contraception available

Financial incentives such as:

Tax's/Salary bonus as they improved the economic prospects

Only children are favoured in housing/education

Punishments/Fines:

10% salary lost and 6x income fines. In extreme cases forced abortions and sterilisations were implemented as a measure.

GRANNY POLICE- To help enforce the policy by checking around their local area. They would then report back about if anyone was breaking the governments rules.

Success/What have been the problems with the policy?

Kenya

China