Programming Techniques - created from Mind Map

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Stepwise Refinement

Return Types

Scope Of Variables

Stacks

Problem broken into sections which become progressively smaller until each section can be written as a single procedure/represents one step in the algorithm

Advantages

Each end node of a top down design tree can be written as an individual function or procedure,

Easier to develop

Functions

Procedures

Functions are individual blocks of code which are run when called.

Can have input parameters. Global variables can be passed in and used locally.

Individual blocks of code which perform a specific funciton.

Has input parameters

When called, a procedure will always return a value.

Local

Global

Declared within a subroutine

Can only be used within the subroutine where they were declared.

Efficient. Releases memory when containing subroutine has run.

Declared at start of program

May be used directly anywhere in code

Can pass into subroutine as a parameter

Creates a copy of data in local variable, keeping global value intact.

First In Last Out