BioChemistry Quiz

Question

L’acide phosphorique est tri-basique, avec des valeurs de pKa de 2.14, 6.88 et 12.4. Quelle forme ionique est prédominante à pH = 5.9 ?

Answer 1

Oligosaccharides

Answer 2

Multisaccharides

Answer 3

Polysaccharides

Answer 4

Megasaccharides

Answer 5

D-Glucose and D-Galactose

Answer 6

D-Glucose and L-Glucose

Answer 7

Threose and Erythrose

Answer 8

D-Glucose and D-Gulose

Answer 9

Image:

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Answer 10

Image:

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Answer 11

Image:

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Answer 12

Image:

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Answer 13

2-Deoxy-Ribose

Answer 14

Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images

Answer 15

In sugars that contain the most chiral centers only the one that is the most distant from the caronyl carbon is designated as D or L

Answer 16

hemiacetals are formed by alcohols attacking aldehydes

Answer 17

Alcohol oxygen atom is nucleophilic

Answer 18

The carbon atom furthest from the former carbonyl atom becomes the anomeric carbon

Answer 19

The position of anomeric carbon's oxygen determines whether the anomer is α or β

Answer 20

The position of the anomeric carbon's hydroxyl group determines whether the anomer is α or β

Answer 21

The carbon atom furthest from the former carbonyl atom becomes the chiral center

Answer 22

α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fructofuranoside

Answer 23

β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranose

Answer 24

β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-D-glucopyranose

Answer 25

α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranose

Answer 26

can be branched but cannot have multiple monomer types

Answer 27

cannot be unbrached

Answer 28

have defined molecular weights

Answer 29

with only two monomer types cannot be branched

Answer 30

peptidoglycan

Answer 31

hyaluronan

Answer 32

Peptidoglycan

Answer 33

hyaluronan

Answer 34

Amylose is the branched form of starch

Answer 35

α-amylase is a pancreatic enzyme that hydrolyses the α (1→4) linkages of starch

Answer 36

Glycogen has less α (1→4) linkages than starch

Answer 37

Glycogen has less α (1→6) linkages than starch

Answer 38

at the β (1→2) linkages of D-glucose

Answer 39

at the α (1→2) linkages of D-glucose

Answer 40

at the β (1→4) linkages of D-glucose

Answer 41

at the α (1→4) linkages of D-glucose

Answer 42

Glycosidic bonds can freely rotate

Answer 43

more than 10^9 metric tonnes of cotton are produced/year

Answer 44

Starch can be coiled into a helical structure

Answer 45

Glycogen and amylopectin have only one reducing end

Answer 46

is a heteropolymer

Answer 47

consists of β (1→2) linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine

Answer 48

is insoluble

Answer 49

once acetlated forms Chitosan

Answer 50

acidic proteins

Answer 51

the smallest proteins

Answer 52

the largest proteins

Answer 53

basic proteins

Answer 54

Peptidoglycan

Answer 55

Peptidoglycan

Answer 56

Glucose units

Answer 57

Mannose units

Answer 58

Fructose units

Answer 59

None of the above

Answer 60

Agarose can be used for growing bacteria

Answer 61

Agarose is a component of bacterial cell walls

Answer 62

Agarose can be used for DNA separation

Answer 63

Agar is a component of seaweed cell walls

Answer 64

ECM of Cartilage

Answer 65

Chondrotin-4-sulfate

Answer 66

keratan sulfate

Answer 67

hyaluronate

Answer 68

hyaluronate

Answer 69

keratan sulfate

Answer 70

chondrotin-4-sulfate

Answer 71

hyaluronate

Answer 72

chondrotin-4-sulfate

Answer 73

keratan sulfate

Answer 74

glucaronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine

Answer 75

glucaronic acid and N-acetylgalctosamine-4-sulfate

Answer 76

Iduronic acid and N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfate

Answer 77

Iduronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine

Answer 78

The C6 carbon

Answer 79

The anomeric carbon

Answer 80

The furthest carbon from the anomeric carbon

Answer 81

The C2 carbon

Answer 82

Ebola virus

Answer 83

Plasmodium falciparum

Answer 84

Chilomastix mesnili

Answer 85

Entamoeba coli

Answer 86

Entamoeba dispar

Answer 87

Labelling of proteins for destruction

Answer 88

Recognition sites for growth factors

Answer 89

recognition sites for bacteria

Answer 90

localization of certain proteins

Answer 91

Proteoglycan aggregates

Answer 92

Collagen fibers

Answer 93

Fatty acids

Answer 94

Negatively charged

Answer 95

C5 oxidation

Answer 96

one monomer is either N-acetyl-glucosamine or N-acetyl-galactosmine

Answer 97

found in connective tissue

Answer 98

Glycophorin A

Answer 99

Hyaluronan

Answer 100

Podocalyxin

Answer 101

Proteoglycan aggregates are found in articula cartilage

Answer 102

Proteoglycans influence growth factor activation and adhesion

Answer 103

glycosaminoglycans are linked to the core protein from the anomeric carbon

Answer 104

proteoglycanaggregates form high friction material

Answer 105

collagen fibers

Answer 106

Enzymes directly affect equilibrium (∆G)

Answer 107

Entropy cost is paid during binding

Answer 108

enzymes increse reaction rates (κ ) by increasing (∆G)

Answer 109

slow reactions do not have high activtaion barriers

Answer 110

concentration of enzyme

Answer 111

concentration of substrate

Answer 112

temperature

Answer 113

shape of enzyme

Answer 114

shape of substrate

Answer 115

individual units are wedge shaped

Answer 116

artificial carriers of molecules

Answer 117

individual units are cylindrical

Answer 118

composed lipid-based structures that form pliable sheets

Answer 119

membranes vary from 3-10nm

Answer 120

membranes form spontaneously by noncovalent forces

Answer 121

membranes are symmetric

Answer 122

membranes can be found within cells

Answer 123

Most natural fatty acids are branched

Answer 124

Saturated fatty acids have double bonds between carbons in the chain

Answer 125

Most natural fatty acids have an even number of C's

Answer 126

linoleic acid is a saturated fatty acid

Answer 127

Fatty acids solubility decreases as the chain length increases

Answer 128

Melting point decrases as the chain length decreses

Answer 129

Melting point increases as the number of double bonds increases

Answer 130

unsaturated cis fatty acids have a lower melting point than saturated fatty acids

Answer 131

a double bond between the 2nd and 3th carbon from the methyl end of the chain.

Answer 132

a double bond between the 3rd and 4th carbon from the methyl end of the chain.

Answer 133

a double bond between the 1st and 2nd carbon from the methyl end of the chain.

Answer 134

a double bond between the 2nd and 3nd as well as 3rd and 4th carbon from the methyl end of the chain.

Answer 135

Triacylglycerols are polar

Answer 136

Triacylglycerols are non hydrated

Answer 137

Vegetable oils are composed of triacylglycerols with unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 138

Animal fats are composed of triacylglycerols with saturated fatty acids

Answer 139

triacylglycerols with unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 140

triacylglycerols with saturated fatty acids

Answer 141

Image:

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Answer 142

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Answer 143

Image:

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Answer 144

phosphatidylcholine

Answer 145

cardilipin

Answer 146

phosphatidylglycerol

Answer 147

phosphatidylinositol 4,5- biphosphate

Answer 148

phophatidylcholine

Answer 149

phosphatidylglycerol

Answer 150

cardiolipin

Answer 151

phosphatidylethanolamine

Answer 152

ester linkage

Answer 153

amide linkage

Answer 154

glycosidic linkage

Answer 155

phosphodiester linkage

Answer 156

di, tri, or tetrasaccharide

Answer 157

complex oligosaccharide

Answer 158

type of sugars located on the head groups in glycosphingolipids

Answer 159

type of sugars located on the head groups in glycolipids

Answer 160

type of sphingolipids

Answer 161

type of galactolipids

Answer 162

will have the O antigen

Answer 163

A blood group

Answer 164

B blood group

Answer 165

AB blood group

Answer 166

Cholesterol modulates cell membrane fluidity

Answer 167

Mammals can not synthesize cholesterol

Answer 168

cholesterol in loe density lipoproteins tend to deposit in arteries

Answer 169

most bacteria lack sterols

Answer 170

erythromycin

Answer 171

amphotericin B

Answer 172

lovastatin

Answer 173

vitamins E and K

Answer 174

vitamins A and D

Answer 175

steroid hormones

Answer 176

eicosanoids

Answer 177

phosphatidylinositols

Answer 178

vitamins A and D

Answer 179

vitamins E and K

Answer 180

eicosanoids

Answer 181

cholesterol is predominant in mitochondrial membranes

Answer 182

galactolipids are abundant in animals

Answer 183

membranes have non-selective import and export across the membrane

Answer 184

archaebacteria have monolayer instead of a bilayer

Answer 185

Image:

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Answer 186

Image:

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Answer 187

Image:

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Answer 188

Image:

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Answer 189

palmitoylation defect

Answer 190

myristoylation defect

Answer 191

farnesylation defect

Answer 192

carbohydrates

Answer 193

Permeable to large polar solutes and ions

Answer 194

Not permeable to small polar solutes and nonpolar compounds

Answer 195

Permeability can be artificially increased by chemical treatment

Answer 196

Exist in a single phase and cannot undergo phase transitions

Answer 197

cell membrane transition from the gel to fluid

Answer 198

cell membrane transition from the fluid to gel

Answer 199

cell membrane changed to become not permeable to large polar solutes

Answer 200

cell membrane changed to become permeable to small polar solutes and nonpolar compounds

Answer 201

is determined mainly by the fatty acid composition

Answer 202

more fluid membranes require shorter and more unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 203

At higher temperatures cells need more saturated fatty acids to maintain fluidity

Answer 204

Gel phase means that the individual molecules do not move around

Answer 205

Myristic acid

Answer 206

palmitoleic acid

Answer 207

oleic acid

Answer 208

hydroxymyristic acid

Answer 209

the hydrophobic head group must transverse the hydrophilic tail region of the membrane

Answer 210

membrans are rigid and individual lipids cannot move at all

Answer 211

the charged head group must transverse the hydrophobic tail region of the membrane

Answer 212

catalyze transverse diffusion

Answer 213

catalyze lateral diffusion

Answer 214

move lipids against the concentratiion gradient

Answer 215

Membrane Lipid Rafts contain clusters of glycosphingolipids with longer-than-usual tails

Answer 216

Membrane Lipid Rafts are more ordered than the rest of the membrane

Answer 217

Membrane fusion can only occur through protein mediation

Answer 218

Passive diffuision of polar molecules across cell membranes has a high activation barrier

Answer 219

insulin receptor

Answer 220

acetylcholine receptor

Answer 221

maltoporin

Answer 222

acetylcholine receptor

Answer 223

maltoporin

Answer 224

insulin receptor

Answer 225

a mutation to a Cl- ion channel in epithelial cells

Answer 226

a mutation to a K+ ion channel in epithelial cells

Answer 227

a mutation to a Na+ ion channel in epithelial cells

Answer 228

a mutation to a Ca2+ ion channel in epithelial cells

Answer 229

Energy of ATP hydrolysis can be used to drive protons through the membrane

Answer 230

Energy of the proton gradient can be used to synthesize ATP

Answer 231

Primary active transport is a form of active transport across a biological membrane in which a transporter protein couples the movement of an ion (typically Na+ or H+) down its electrochemical gradient to the uphill movement of another molecule or ion against a concentration/electrochemical gradient.

Answer 232

glucose is cotransported with Na+ in intestinal epithelial cells

Answer 233

transferrin

Answer 234

ceruloplasmin

Answer 235

immunoglobulins

Answer 236

White blood cells

Answer 237

White blood cells

Answer 238

white blood cells

Answer 239

eosinophils

Answer 240

neutrophils

Answer 241

thrombocytes

Answer 242

erythrocytes

Answer 243

neutrophil

Answer 244

neutrophils

Answer 245

eosinophils

Answer 246

macrophages

Answer 247

Neutrophils

Answer 248

Macrophages

Answer 249

in the bone marrow

Answer 250

freely circulating in the blood

Answer 251

in skeletal and striated muscles

Answer 252

restricted to erythrocytes

Answer 253

myogloblin stores oxygen in the cytoplasm and delivers it to mitochondrion

Answer 254

hemoglobin is restricted to erythrocytes

Answer 255

Heme (B) is the oxygen binding molecule found only in hemoglobin

Answer 256

the distal histidine of the myglobin protein hydrogen bonds with oxygen bound to the protein

Answer 257

kd [P].[L] = ka [PL]

Answer 258

ka [P].[L] = kd [PL]

Answer 259

[P].[L] = [PL]

Answer 260

ka [P].[L] > kd [PL]

Answer 261

when the first binding event increases affinity at the remaining sites it is called positive cooperativity

Answer 262

when the first binding event decreases affinity at the remaining sites it is called negative cooperativity

Answer 263

oxygen binds to heme better than carbon monoxide

Answer 264

nH( hill coefficient) > 1 equals positive cooperativity

Answer 265

positive homotropic regulation

Answer 266

negative homotropic regulation

Answer 267

positive heterotropic regulation

Answer 268

negative heterotropic regulation

Answer 269

oxygen binding triggers a tense to relaxed state conformational change

Answer 270

tense state has a higher affinity for oxgen than the relaxed state

Answer 271

conformational change from the T state to the R state invloves breaking ion pairs between the alpha1-beta2 interface of hemoglobin

Answer 272

2,3 -Bisphosphoglycerate is a negative heterotropic regulator of hemoglobin function

Answer 273

nucleoside

Answer 274

nucleotide

Answer 275

nucleobase

Answer 276

nucleomide

Answer 277

none of the above

Answer 278

Cytosine is found in both DNA and RNA

Answer 279

Neutral molecules at pH 7

Answer 280

Guanine pKa at N7 is 2.4

Answer 281

all the above

Answer 282

β -N-Glycosidic Bond

Answer 283

α -N-Glycosidic Bond

Answer 284

Hydrogen bond

Answer 285

none of the above

Answer 286

C-1’-N-glycosyl bond

Answer 287

C-2’-N-glycosyl bond

Answer 288

C-3’-N-glycosyl bond

Answer 289

C-4’-N-glycosyl bond

Answer 290

Van der Waal forces in base stacking

Answer 291

link between base and sugar in a nucleotide

Answer 292

the link between two different nucleotides

Answer 293

interstrand bonding and complementarity

Answer 294

mirror image

Answer 295

palindrome

Answer 296

Palindrome

Answer 297

Mirror image

Answer 298

tetraplex DNA

Answer 299

triplex DNA

Answer 300

inverted repeats

Answer 301

cruciforms

Answer 302

None of the above

Answer 303

processessing tRNA precursors

Answer 304

protection from viral genomes

Answer 305

using RNA as an energy source

Answer 306

using RNA in Coenzymes

	Criado por Roy Hove quase 8 anos atrás

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