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Evolutionary Processes Leading to Speciation 91605
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1Natural [blank_start]selection[blank_end] is a process in which [blank_start]individuals[blank_end] with certain [blank_start]traits[blank_end] have a [blank_start]greater[blank_end] chance at [blank_start]surviving[blank_end] and producing offspring, than individuals [blank_start]without[blank_end] these traits.
- Aselection
- Bindividuals
- Cspecies
- Denvironment
- Etraits
- Fgenes
- Ggreater
- Hwithout
- Isurviving
2non-[blank_start]disjunction[blank_end] is an error in cell [blank_start]division[blank_end] in which members of a pair of [blank_start]homologous[blank_end] [blank_start]chromosomes[blank_end], or sister chromatids, fail to [blank_start]separate[blank_end]
- Adisjunction
- Bdivision
- Chomologous
- Dchromosomes
- Eseparate
3When two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population/species it is called [blank_start]polymorphism[blank_end]
- Apolymorphism
4gene flow
- Athe transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another
- Ball the alleles present in a population
- Cthe transfer of genes in a population
5All the alleles of a gene present in a population is called the gene sample
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
6The change in the [blank_start]frequency[blank_end] of an [blank_start]allele[blank_end] in a p[blank_start]opulation[blank_end] due to [blank_start]random[blank_end] sampling is called genetic [blank_start]drift[blank_end]
- Adrift
- Brandom
- Cfrequency
- Dallele
- Eopulation
7tetraploid refers to [blank_start]cells[blank_end] with [blank_start]four[blank_end] [blank_start]copies[blank_end] of [blank_start]each[blank_end] [blank_start]chromosome[blank_end]
- Acells
- Bfour
- Ccopies
- Dchromosome
- Eeach
8triploid refers to [blank_start]cells[blank_end] with [blank_start]three[blank_end] [blank_start]copies[blank_end] of each [blank_start]chromosome[blank_end]
- Acells
- Bthree
- Ccopies
- Dchromosome
9pre-zygotic and post-zygotic barriers
- Aprevent fertilisation
- Bprevent the development of the fertilised egg cell
- Cprevent abnormal developments in the zygote
- Dprevent a second egg from being fertilised
10[blank_start]polyploidy[blank_end] refers to cells with more than two copies of each [blank_start]chromosome[blank_end]
- Apolyploidy
- Bchromosome
11recombinant organisms contain a different combination of alleles from wither of its parents
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
12stabilising selection is a type of [blank_start]natural[blank_end] selection where the two extremes of a trait are selected [blank_start]against[blank_end]
- Anatural
- Bartificial
- Cagainst
- Dfor
13subspecies can interbreed with other members of the spcies
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
14The process through which new species evolve from a single ancestral species while living in the same geographic region
- Asympatric speciation
- Badaptive radiation
- Callopatric speciation
- Dparallel evolution
- Edivergent evolution
15The type of [blank_start]natural[blank_end] selection where one of the two extremes of a trait is selected for/favoured = [blank_start]directional[blank_end] selection
- Adirectional
- Bnatural
16Label the types of natural selection
- AStabilising
- BDirectional
- CDisruptive
- DDisruptive
- EStabilising
- FDirectional
- GDisruptive
- HStabilising
- IDirectional
17When individuals leave a population it is called [blank_start]emigration[blank_end]
- Aemigration
18allele
- Aversion of a gene
- Btype of gene
- Cphenotype
19[blank_start]allopatric[blank_end] speciation is the process through which new species evolve from a single ancestral species while living in different geographic regions
- Aallopatric
20[blank_start]allopolyploidy[blank_end] refers to cells with two or more complete sets of chromosomes derived from different species
- Aallopolyploidy
21[blank_start]autopolyploidy[blank_end] refers to cells with two or more complete sets of chromosomes derived from the same species
- Aautopolyploidy
22Bottleneck
- AThe result of a sudden even where a significant proportion of individuals in a population/species are killed or not reproducing
- BA gradual change in a characteristic or feature across the geographic range of a species or population
23A gradual change in a characteristic or feature across the geographic range of a species or population
- Acline
- Ballopatric speciation
- Csympatric speciation
- Ddeme
24crossing over refers to the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
25A [blank_start]deme[blank_end] is a [blank_start]local[blank_end] population consisting of closely related plants, animals, or people, typically breeding mainly [blank_start]within[blank_end] the group. It has no, or limited [blank_start]gene flow[blank_end] but can interbreed with another population and therefore they share the same [blank_start]gene pool[blank_end]. They mostly [blank_start]don't[blank_end] interbreed. An example of this is Dutch Pennsylvania.
- Ademe
- Blocal
- Cgene flow
- Dwithin
- Egene pool
- Fdon't
- Gcan't
26A diploid cell has two copies of each chromosome
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
27[blank_start]adaptive[blank_end] [blank_start]radiation[blank_end] is the [blank_start]rapid[blank_end] evolution of an ancestral (single) species into several lineages, each with their own unique adaptations
- Aadaptive
- Bradiation
- Crapid
28analogous structures
- Astructures that are similar in function and appearance but do not share a common ancestry
- Bstructures that are different in function and appearance but have the same embryological origin
29Structures that, while having the same embryological origin, carry out different functions in the adult
- Ahomologous structures
- Banalogous structures
30A fossil is [blank_start]preserved[blank_end] [blank_start]remains[blank_end] or [blank_start]traces[blank_end] of past [blank_start]life[blank_end] [blank_start]forms[blank_end]
- Apreserved
- Bremains
- Ctraces
- Dlife
- Eforms
31The evolution of a species in a gradual, slow, constant and consistent manner is called ...
- Agradualism
32[blank_start]Adaptive[blank_end] [blank_start]radiation[blank_end] refers to the [blank_start]rapid[blank_end] evolution of an [blank_start]ancestral[blank_end] (single) species into several lineages, each with their own [blank_start]unique[blank_end] [blank_start]adaptations[blank_end]
- AAdaptive
- Bradiation
- Crapid
- Dgradual
- Edivergence
- Fancestral
- Gunique
- Hadaptations
33A species from which a number of new species are descended is called an [blank_start]ancestral[blank_end] [blank_start]species[blank_end]
- Aancestral
- Bspecies
34A diagram to show an organisms evolutionary history is called a
- Acladogram
35the degree of variation of life forms within an ecosystem or the entire planet is [blank_start]biodiversity[blank_end]
- Abiodiversity
36biogeography refers only to the study of the distribution of species in geographic space
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
37Refers to the changes in allele frequencies that take place within a population, tending to cover a period of time such as about 100 years
- Amicro-evolution
- Bmacro-evolution
38Macro-evolution
- ARefers to the changes in allele frequencies that take place within a population, tending to cover a period of time such as about 100 years
- BRefers to the changes that happen at or above the species level. Evolution on a larger time scale, such as thousands or even millions of years
39The development of a similar trait in related but distinct species descending from the same ancestor
- Aparallel evolution
- Bdivergent evolution
- Cconvergent evolution
40[blank_start]ploidy[blank_end] refers to the number of [blank_start]chromosomes[blank_end] in a cell
- Aploidy
- Bchromosomes
41[blank_start]resources[blank_end] are features of the [blank_start]environment[blank_end] which [blank_start]benefit[blank_end] a species, such as food or shelter
- Aresources
- Benvironment
- Cbenefit
42Punctuated equilibrium refers to the evolution of a species where ...
- Achange appears suddenly
- Bchange appears slowly
- Cthere are long periods in without change
- Dthere are short periods without change
- Ethere is a sudden observable change
- Fthere is a slow observable change
43The process of two or more related species becoming more and more different is called divergent evolution.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
44The process of two or more related species becoming more and more different is called convergent evolution.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
45The development of the same biological trait in unrelated lineages is called convergent evolution
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
46Label the types of evolution
- Adivergent evolution
- BConvergent evolution
- CParallel evolution
47species only found in a narrowly defined region, such as an island country are called [blank_start]endemic[blank_end]
- Aendemic
48The process of bringing together two DNA strands is called [blank_start]DNA hybridisation[blank_end]. The more linking (hybridisation) between the two DNA strands, the [blank_start]more[blank_end] closely related the individuals/species are.
- ADNA hybridisation
- Bmore
- Cless
49Co-evolution is not a change in the genetic composition of one species (or group of individuals) in response to a genetic change in another species (or group)
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
50The direct and indirect methods used to determine the order of past events or age of fossil evidence are called [blank_start]dating[blank_end] methods
- Adating
51A [blank_start]ring[blank_end] [blank_start]species[blank_end] is a special type of [blank_start]cline[blank_end] where the two ends of the cline meet forming a ring. Neighbouring populations can interbreed but no interbreeding occurs anymore between individuals where the ring connects.
- Aspecies
- Bring
- Ccline
52speciation is simply the formation of a new species
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
53The definition of a species is a [blank_start]group[blank_end] of [blank_start]organisms[blank_end] that [blank_start]interbreed[blank_end] and [blank_start]produce[blank_end] [blank_start]viable[blank_end] and [blank_start]fertile[blank_end] [blank_start]offspring[blank_end]
- Agroup
- Borganisms
- Cinterbreed
- Dproduce
- Eviable
- Ffertile
- Goffspring
54When the two versions/alleles of a gene are different it is a [blank_start]heterozygote[blank_end]. When the two versions/alleles of a gene are the same it is a [blank_start]homozygote[blank_end].
- Aheterozygote
- Bhomozygote
55offspring from a cross between two different species is a hybrid
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
56The proportion of all copies of a gene being of a particular type/version
- Aallele frequency
- Bgene frequency
- Callele distribution
- Dgene distribution
57An [blank_start]adaptation[blank_end] is an [blank_start]inherited[blank_end] [blank_start]trait[blank_end] with a current [blank_start]functional[blank_end] [blank_start]role[blank_end] in the life history if an [blank_start]organism[blank_end].
- Aadaptation
- Binherited
- Ctrait
- Dfunctional
- Erole
- Forganism
58Acclimatisation is a [blank_start]gradual[blank_end], reversible [blank_start]response[blank_end] of an organism to a [blank_start]change[blank_end] in its environment
- Agradual
- Bresponse
- Cchange
59gametes are body cells
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
60When a [blank_start]new[blank_end] [blank_start]population[blank_end] is established by a [blank_start]very small[blank_end] number of individuals who will carry with them [blank_start]only a small[blank_end] proportion of all the [blank_start]alleles[blank_end] present in the population. The [blank_start]founder effect[blank_end] contributes, therefore, to the [blank_start]loss[blank_end] of [blank_start]genetic variation[blank_end] that follows colonisation.
- Anew
- Bpopulation
- Cvery small
- Dvery large
- Eonly a small
- Fa large
- Galleles
- Hgenes
- Ifounder effect
- Jloss
- Kincrease
- Lgenetic variation
61Simple short repeating sequences of up to about 6 DNA base pairs are called [blank_start]microsatellites[blank_end]
- Amicrosatellites
62immigration is when new individuals enter a population
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
63Unrepaired change to the sequence of bases in the DNA is
- Amutation
- Badaptation
- Cevolution
Informações
- Descrição
- NCEA Level 3 Biology
- Autor
- R Hooks
- Idioma
- English
- Visualizações
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