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Health Psychology 2.3

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Health Psychology Quiz sobre Health Psychology 2.3, criado por Zaneta Chan em 28-11-2016.
Zaneta Chan
Quiz por Zaneta Chan, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Zaneta Chan
Criado por Zaneta Chan mais de 7 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Which of the following is a way that psychoactive drugs can alter behavior by changing nervous system activity?
Responda
  • a. after the synthesis of a neurotransmitter
  • b. after the storage of a neurotransmitter
  • c. after the release of a neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft
  • d. after the termination of a neurotransmitter-induced postsynaptic effect
  • e. a, b, c & d

Questão 2

Questão
Which is the TRUE of the blood-brain barrier?
Responda
  • a. It is a protective device for the blood
  • b. It is a protective device for the brain
  • c. It is formed by loose gap junctions between the endothelial cell walls of capillaries that serve brain
  • d. b & c
  • e. a, b & c

Questão 3

Questão
Alcohol barbiturates and benzodiazepines are similar in that they ______.
Responda
  • a. modify activity at a subtype of the gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor
  • b. after the enzymatic degradation of dopamine in the synaptic cleft
  • c. induce an up-regulation ( i.e, increase the number) of norepinephrine receptors in the forebrain
  • d. change the re-uptake of serotonin into the presynaptic cell

Questão 4

Questão
Which of the following MUST a person exhibit in order to be diagnosed with substance dependence according to the DSM-IV-TR?
Responda
  • a. concealed substance use & blackouts
  • b. tolerance
  • c. withdrawal symptoms
  • d. maladaptive pattern of substance use
  • e. b & c

Questão 5

Questão
According to the World Health Association, cigarette smoking in _____ occurs MORE OFTEN in women than in men
Responda
  • a. Southeast Asia
  • b. Europe
  • c. Africa
  • d. none of the above

Questão 6

Questão
Delirium tremens is a collection of life-threatening symptomsthat can occur when a person withdraws from _____.
Responda
  • a. opiates
  • b. hallucinogens
  • c. benzodiazepines
  • d. alcohol
  • e. cannabinoids

Questão 7

Questão
Benzopyrene dihydrodiol epoxide (BPDE) present in the ___ of cigarette smoke damages a cancer-suppressive gen,which leads to a mutation in lung tissue.
Responda
  • a. carbon monoxide
  • b. acetaldehyde
  • c. nicotine
  • d. tar

Questão 8

Questão
Recent scientific data indicate that, when the insular cortex of the braine (i.e, insula) is damaged, _____.
Responda
  • a. smoking occurs in sated individuals (i.e.x those who have smoked a lot of cigarretes)
  • b. the desire to smoke is enhanced
  • c. the desire to smoke is eliminated
  • d. a & b

Questão 9

Questão
Which of the following drugs can be classified as a soporific?
Responda
  • a. cocaine
  • b. caffeine
  • c. morphine
  • d. a & b
  • e. a, b & c

Questão 10

Questão
Ana=tabuse (i.e, disulfram) is a (n) _____ used to treat alcohol abuse and dependence.
Responda
  • a. nausea- inducing drug
  • b. detoxification agent
  • c. opioid-receptor agonist
  • d. opioid-receptor antagonist
  • e. anxiolytric

Questão 11

Questão
Which of the following substances binds to the acetylcholine receptor?
Responda
  • a. nicotine
  • b. THC
  • c. alcohol
  • d. amphetamine
  • e. cocaine

Questão 12

Questão
Long term consequences of heavy drinking include of the following health problems EXCEPT _____.
Responda
  • a. cancer of the liver
  • b. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
  • c. cardiovascular disease
  • d. asthma
  • e. c & d

Questão 13

Questão
Plaxico grew up seeing his parents use alcohol as a primary way to cleebrate and reduce tension. According to expectancy theory, Plaxico is likely to develop _____ attitudes toward the alcohol via _______.
Responda
  • a. positive; classical conditioning
  • b. positive; social learning
  • c. negative; classical conditioning
  • d. negative; social learning

Questão 14

Questão
Which of the following statements about the influences of heredity on addiction is NOT true?
Responda
  • a. Genetic markers for cigarette smoking have been identified.
  • b. Genetic markers for alcoholism have been identified
  • c. Cigarette smoking and alcoholism share the same genetic markers
  • d. If one identical twin smokes, then the co-twin is also likely to smoke

Questão 15

Questão
The correlation between education level and cigarette smoking is _____.
Responda
  • a. positive (direct)
  • b. negative (inverse)
  • c. non-linear
  • d. an inverted U-shaped function

Questão 16

Questão
Which of the following amino acids is NOT considered to be essentials for humans?
Responda
  • a. phenylalanine
  • b. tryptophan
  • c. leucine
  • d. lysine
  • e. glutamate

Questão 17

Questão
Cholesterol level in the blood is influenced by _____.
Responda
  • a. diet
  • b. heredity
  • c. smoking
  • d. a, b & c

Questão 18

Questão
Which of the following vitamins is lipophilic?
Responda
  • a. Vitamin A
  • b. Vitamin B
  • c. Vitamin C
  • d. a & b
  • e. a, b & c

Questão 19

Questão
Amenorrhea refers to _____.
Responda
  • a. body-image distortion
  • b. very low body weight (<85% of expected body weight)
  • c. extremely painful cramping during menstruation
  • d. the presence of more than two menstrual cycles per month
  • e. the cessation of normal menstrual cyclicity

Questão 20

Questão
Which is TRUE of persons with bullmia nervosa?
Responda
  • a. They are emaciated and lack energy
  • b. They are picky eaters and seems to "diet" at all times
  • c. At meals, they engage in obsessive behaviors such as counting the number of chews
  • d. Because they appear to have normal appetite ( in public) and maintain normal body weight, they are hard to identify.

Questão 21

Questão
Which of the following health problems is associated with obesity?
Responda
  • a. colon cancer
  • b. sleep apnea
  • c. kidney disease
  • d. diabetes type II
  • e. a, b , c & d

Questão 22

Questão
_______is/are a main dietary contributor to atherosclerosis development.
Responda
  • a. salt
  • b. caffeine
  • c. high- density lipoproteins (HDLs)
  • d. low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
  • e. monosodium glutamate (MSG)

Questão 23

Questão
According to set-point theory, if Ndamukong eats very little but still manages to gain weight, he likely ______.
Responda
  • a. is under his set-point
  • b. is over his set point
  • c. has no set point
  • d. has several set points

Questão 24

Questão
What is the effect of leptin on the hypothalamus
Responda
  • a. appetite is suppressed
  • b. appetite is enhanced
  • c. nociception is suppressed
  • d. nociception is enhanced

Questão 25

Questão
Which of the following is TRUE about fat cells?
Responda
  • a. Fat cell number increases mainly in childhood and adolescence
  • b. Fat cell can increase but not decrease
  • c. Fat cell number plays a role in the body's set point
  • d. a, b & c

Questão 26

Questão
The BMIs of monozygotic twins are much more similar than are the BMIs of same-sex dizygotic twins. This finding indicates a role for ____ in weight
Responda
  • a. genes
  • b. environment
  • c. culturally determined eating habits
  • d. exercise level
  • e. age

Questão 27

Questão
Empirical research has shown that ____ is an effect of exercise
Responda
  • a. weight loss
  • b. enhanced self-esteem
  • c. stress reduction
  • d. a, b & c

Questão 28

Questão
What is the primary characteristics of anorexia nervosa?
Responda
  • a. self-induced vomiting
  • b. ingestion non-nutrient substances
  • c. repeated episodes of binge eating
  • d. refusal to maintain a minimally normal body weight

Questão 29

Questão
Which of the following treatments for bullmia nervosa is most effective?
Responda
  • a. antidepressants
  • b. aversive techniques
  • c. cognitive/behavioral therapy plus antidepressants
  • d. aversive therapy plus behavioral contracting

Questão 30

Questão
Making believe one is ill to benefit from sick role behavior is known as _____.
Responda
  • a. pain conversion disorder
  • b. hypochondriasis
  • c. malingering
  • d. chronic fatigue syndrome

Questão 31

Questão
The PRIMARY advantage of a health care system organized into specialties is ____
Responda
  • a. lower expense
  • b. faster delivery of services
  • c. good patient-doctor communication
  • d. provision of the best expertise for each aspect of each medical problem

Questão 32

Questão
Latrogenic conditions are ______.
Responda
  • a. health problems that result from medical treatment
  • b. present only if practitioners make mistakes
  • c. congenital heart defects
  • d. Somatoform disorder types

Questão 33

Questão
The time a person takes to interpret a symptom as a sign of illness is called ______.
Responda
  • a. treatment delay
  • b. appraisal delay
  • c. illness delay
  • d. utilization delay

Questão 34

Questão
The differences in health care system usage between makes and females ______.
Responda
  • a. may exist because men are more hesitant to admit that they have symptoms
  • b. disappears if visits for pregnancy are excluded
  • c. illustrates the poor health of females in general
  • d. demonstrates that males are healthier than females

Questão 35

Questão
Perhaps the most important medical benefit of a more patient-centered approach in doctor style is ____--.
Responda
  • a. greater patient understanding
  • b. increased likelihood of healing
  • c. greater amount of diagnostic information
  • d. decreased appointment cancellations

Questão 36

Questão
Patients describe symptoms for the same health problem differently because _____.
Responda
  • a. they differ in the attention that they pay to internal states
  • b. they may emphasize a symptom that they believe reflects serious illness
  • c. they may downplay a symptom that they believe reflects serious illness
  • d. a, b & c

Questão 37

Questão
Hospitals are to ____ as nursing homes are to _____.
Responda
  • a. emergency care; long term care
  • b. long term care ; emergency care
  • c. inpatient services; home health care services
  • d. outpatient services; inpatient services

Questão 38

Questão
Hypochondriacs are people who tend to _____.
Responda
  • a. recognize real symptoms of illness
  • b. associate real but benign bodily sensations with illness
  • c. make up or feign bodily sensations
  • d. neglect to use the health care system

Questão 39

Questão
Which age group is most likely to use health services
Responda
  • a. the elderly
  • b. the middle aged
  • c. the very young
  • d. a & b
  • e. a & c

Questão 40

Questão
Which statement describes how stress can influence the experience of pain?
Responda
  • a. Stress can lead people to engage in behaviors, such as tensing their muscles, which in turn cause pain
  • b. High levels of stress can cause people to stop taking care of themselves (e.g., they over-eat and exercise less)
  • c. Stress can lead directly to physiological problems, such as the dilation of arteries surrounding the brain and tension in the muscles in the head, neck and shoulders, which can lead to headache
  • d. a, b & c

Questão 41

Questão
The _____ is a specialized receptor that provides information about tissue damage
Responda
  • a. substantia gelatinosa
  • b. C-afferent fiber
  • c. nociceptor
  • d. somatosensory homunculus

Questão 42

Questão
Hyperalgesia is a _____.
Responda
  • a. somatoform disorder
  • b. factitious disorder
  • c. state of reduced sensitivity to pain
  • d. state of enhanced sensitivity to pain

Questão 43

Questão
What brain structure contains the somatosensory homunculus (used in the perceptionan of pain)?
Responda
  • a. spinal cord
  • b. medulla
  • c. thalamus
  • d. cortex

Questão 44

Questão
Which of the following drugs act directly to block the conduction of action potentials in sensory neurons that carry nociceptive information?
Responda
  • a. aspirin & acetaminophen
  • b. novocaine & lidocaine
  • c. morphine & heroin
  • d. antidepressants & tranquilizers

Questão 45

Questão
Which is the following is an algogenic substance?
Responda
  • a. endorphin
  • b. Prozac
  • c. Valium
  • d. prostaglandin
  • e. morphine

Questão 46

Questão
Which sensory fibers are involved in the transmission of nociceptive information?
Responda
  • a. A-beta fibers
  • b. A-delta fibers
  • c. C-fibers
  • d. b & c
  • e. a, b & c

Questão 47

Questão
The visual analogue scale is considered to be a ____ measure of pain.
Responda
  • a. physiological
  • b. behavioral
  • c. self-report
  • d. a, b & c

Questão 48

Questão
Electrical stimulation of the periaqueductal gray area (PAG) of the midbrain induces _____.
Responda
  • a. pain
  • b. referred pain
  • c. analgesia
  • d. hyperalgesia

Questão 49

Questão
Which of the following CLOSES the gating mechanism according to the gate control pain theory?
Responda
  • a. depression
  • b. anxiety
  • c. analgesic medication
  • d. boredom

Questão 50

Questão
Which of the following is classified as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)?
Responda
  • a. morphine
  • b. novocaine
  • c. aspirin
  • d. prostaglandin

Questão 51

Questão
Focusing thoughts on the unpleasant aspects of a painful experience tends to _____.
Responda
  • a. make the pain worse
  • b. lessen the pain
  • c. lead to a hypnotic state
  • d. have no effect on the pain

Questão 52

Questão
Which method of pain reduction is a form of counter-irritation?
Responda
  • a. hypnosis
  • b. biofeedback
  • c. nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NDSAIDs)
  • d. transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)

Questão 53

Questão
According to the lecture, the neurotic triads includes _____.
Responda
  • a. depression
  • b. hypochondriasis
  • c. hysteria
  • d. a, b & c

Questão 54

Questão
The theory of pain proposed by Melzack & Wall is the ____ theory.
Responda
  • a. gate control
  • b. pattern
  • c. specificity
  • d. tension-reduction

Questão 55

Questão
The pain relievers most likely to produce increased tolerance and substance dependence are _____.
Responda
  • a. peripherally acting analgesics
  • b. centrally acting analgesics
  • c. local anesthetics
  • d. indirectly acting drugs

Questão 56

Questão
Congenital insensitivity to pain ____.
Responda
  • a. can indirectly lead to death
  • b. does not exist
  • c. has numerous health advantages
  • d. is relatively common

Questão 57

Questão
Jermichael thinks about relaxing on a beautiful beach to take his mind off his intense shoulder pain; Jemichael is using the cognitive strategy of _____ to reduce pain.
Responda
  • a. guided imagery
  • b. controlled redefinition
  • c. thought reflection
  • d. emotional rejection

Questão 58

Questão
The fact that pain relief produced by a placebo can be reversed by naloxone indicates that _____.
Responda
  • a. expectation can increase the activity of endogenous opioids
  • b. expectation can increase the activity of exogenous opioids
  • c. expectation can block the synthesis of prostaglandins
  • d. the placebo effect has no physiological basis
  • e. a & c

Questão 59

Questão
Information about FAST pain (i.e., pain that is localized, sharp and described as pricking in nature) is carried by _____.
Responda
  • a. A-beta fibers
  • b. A-delta fibers
  • c. C- fibers
  • d. b & c
  • e. a,b & c

Questão 60

Questão
The endogenous analgesia system is activated during _____.
Responda
  • a. sex
  • b. labor & delivery
  • c. pregnancy
  • d. stress
  • e. a, b, c & d

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