Quiz
CBLG101 - Chapter 8 Joints
Perguntas do quiz (94)
1What is another word for joints?
- AArticulations
- BLigaments
- CTendons
- DCartilage
2What is the definition of joints?
- ASites where two or more bones meet
- BAreas where muscles attach to bones
- CPlaces where tendons and ligaments connect
- DLocations of bone marrow production
3What is the function of joints?
- ATo give the skeleton mobility and hold the skeleton together
- BTo protect internal organs
- CTo produce red and white blood cells
- DTo store minerals and fats
4What are the types of classifications of joints?
- AStructural - based on what material binds the joints and whether a cavity is present
- BFunctional - based on movement the joint allows
- CAnatomical - based on the location in the body
- DBoth Structural and Functional
5What are the structural types of joints?
- AFibrous
- BCartilaginous
- CSynovial
- DAll of the above
6What are the functional types of joints?
- ASynarthroses
- BAmphiarthroses
- CDiarthroses
- DAll of the above
7What does synarthroses mean?
- AImmovable joints
- BSlightly movable joints
- CFreely movable joints
- DNone of the above
8What does amphiarthroses mean?
- AImmovable joints
- BSlightly movable joints
- CFreely movable joints
- DNone of the above
9What does diarthroses mean?
- AImmovable joints
- BSlightly movable joints
- CFreely movable joints
- DNone of the above
10What are the types of fibrous joints?
- ASutures
- BSyndesmoses
- CGomphoses
- DAll of the above
11What is not true about fibrous joints?
- ABones are joined by dense fibrous connective tissue
- BNo joint cavity is present
- CMost are immovable, depending on the length of tissue fibers
- DThey have a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid
12What is a suture?
- AA joint found only in the skull, held together with very short interconnecting fibers, and bone edges interlock
- BA joint held together by a ligament with varying tissue lengths
- CA "peg in socket" fibrous joint with a periodontal ligament that holds tooth in socket
- DA joint that unites the bones with hyaline cartilage
13What is a syndesmosis?
- AA joint found only in the skull, held together with very short interconnecting fibers, and bone edges interlock
- BA joint held together by a ligament with varying tissue lengths
- CA "peg in socket" fibrous joint with a periodontal ligament that holds tooth in socket
- DA joint that unites the bones with fibrocartilage
14What is a gomphosis?
- AA joint found only in the skull, held together with very short interconnecting fibers, and bone edges interlock
- BA joint held together by a ligament with varying tissue lengths
- CA "peg in socket" fibrous joint with a periodontal ligament that holds tooth in socket
- DA fluid-filled, diarthrotic joint
15What is not true about cartilaginous joints?
- ABones united by cartilage
- BLike fibrous joints, have no joint cavity
- CNot highly movable
- DInclude almost all limb joints
16What are the two types of cartilaginous joints?
- ASynchondroses and symphyses
- BSyndesmosis and symphyses
- CSynchondroses and syndesmosis
- DSynovial and fibrous
17What are synchondroses?
- ABones united by hyaline cartilage
- BBones united by fibrocartilage
- CBones united by dense fibrous tissue
- DJoints allowing free movement in multiple directions
18What are symphyses?
- ABones united by hyaline cartilage
- BBones united by fibrocartilage
- CBones united by dense fibrous tissue
- DJoints allowing free movement in multiple directions
19What is true about synovial joints
- ABones separated by fluid-filled joint cavity
- BAll are diarthrotic (freely movable) and include almost all limb joints
- CHave bursae and tendon sheaths associated with them
- DAll the above
20What are the six general features of synovial joints?
- AArticular cartilage, joint (synovial) cavity, articular (joint) capsule, synovial fluid, reinforcing ligaments, nerves & blood vessels
- BArticular cartilage, joint (synovial) cavity, muscle fibers, synovial fluid, reinforcing tendons, cartilage cells
- CJoint (synovial) cavity, articular (joint) capsule, muscle fibers, synovial fluid, reinforcing ligaments, nerve endings
- DArticular cartilage, muscle fibers, joint (synovial) cavity, synovial fluid, reinforcing ligaments, blood plasma
21What are the three factors that influence synovial joint stability?
- AThe shapes of the articular surfaces, the number & positioning of ligaments, and muscle tone
- BThe amount of synovial fluid, the strength of the articular capsule, and bone density
- CThe elasticity of the cartilage, the length of the tendons, and the flexibility of the ligaments
- DThe size of the joint cavity, the presence of bursae, and the type of connective tissue
22What are bursae and tendon sheaths?
- ATypes of bones that provide structural support
- BFibrous joints that connect bones
- CFluid-filled sacs that reduce friction between adjacent structures during joint activity
- DTypes of cartilage that form flexible connections between bones
23What is the difference between bursae and tendon sheaths?
- ABursae are flattened fibrous sacs occurring where ligaments, muscles, skin, tendons, or bones rub together while tendon sheaths are elongated and wrap around a tendon.
- BBursae connect bones to each other, while tendon sheaths connect muscles to bones.
- CBursae are found only in the lower limbs, while tendon sheaths are found only in the upper limbs.
- DBursae produce synovial fluid, while tendon sheaths produce cartilage.
24What is true of the articular cartilage of synovial joints?
- AThey consist of fibrocartilage covering the ends of bones and provide flexibility to the joint.
- BThey consist of hyaline cartilage covering the ends of bones and prevent them from being crushed.
- CThey consist of elastic cartilage covering the ends of bones and allow extensive movement.
- DThey consist of fibrous tissue covering the ends of bones and limit joint mobility.
25What is true of the cavity of synovial joints?
- AThey are large, air-filled spaces that provide cushioning between bones.
- BThey are small, fluid-filled potential spaces that are unique to synovial joints and can expand if fluid accumulates from inflammation.
- CThey are filled with cartilage that aids in shock absorption.
- DThey contain muscle fibers that enhance joint movement.
26What is untrue of the articular capsule of synovial joints?
- AIt is two layers thick and encloses the synovial cavity.
- BThe tough external fibrous layer is composed of dense irregular connective tissue.
- CThe inner synovial membrane is composed of loose connective tissue that makes synovial fluid.
- DThe inner synovial membrane is composed of dense regular connective tissue that makes synovial fluid.
27What is true about synovial fluid?
- AViscous, slippery filtrate of plasma and hyaluronic acid
- BLubricates and nourishes articular cartilage
- CContains phagocytic cells to remove microbes and debris
- DAll the above
28What are the different types of reinforcing ligaments in synovial joints?
- AMedial, lateral, and posterior ligaments
- BCapsular, extracapsular, and intracapsular ligaments
- CSuperior, inferior, and anterior ligaments
- DLong, short, and flat ligaments
29In synovial joints, what are capsular reinforcing ligaments?
- AThickened parts of the fibrous layer of the articular capsule
- BDistinct ligaments found outside the articular capsule
- CDistinct ligaments found deep to the articular capsule and covered by synovial membrane.
- DNone of the above
30In synovial joints, what are extracapsular reinforcing ligaments?
- AThickened parts of the fibrous layer of the articular capsule
- BDistinct ligaments found outside the articular capsule
- CDistinct ligaments found deep to the articular capsule and covered by synovial membrane.
- DNone of the above
31In synovial joints, what are intracapsular reinforcing ligaments?
- AThickened parts of the fibrous layer of the articular capsule
- BDistinct ligaments found outside the articular capsule
- CDistinct ligaments found deep to the articular capsule and covered by synovial membrane.
- DNone of the above
32What do the nerve fibers in synovial joints do?
- AThey secrete synovial fluid to lubricate the joint.
- BThey provide structural support to the joint capsule.
- CThey facilitate muscle contraction for joint movement.
- DThey detect pain and monitor joint stretch and position.
33All muscles attach to bone or connective tissue at no fewer than two points. What are these points called?
- AThe origin is attached to the immovable bone and the insertion is attached to the movable bone.
- BThe insertion is attached to the immovable bone and the origin is attached to the movable bone.
- CThe anchoring point is attached to the immovable bone and the junction point is attached to the movable bone.
- DThe junction point is attached to the immovable bone and the anchroing point is attached to the movable bone.
34How does body movement occur?
- AWhen bones glide smoothly over each other
- BWhen muscles contract across joints and their insertion moves toward their origin
- CWhen ligaments stretch and return to their original shape
- DWhen tendons push bones away from each other
35What terms describe the range of motion allowed by synovial joints?
- AFixed, semi-fixed, and freely movable
- BNonaxial, uniaxial, biaxial, multiaxial
- CSingle-plane, double-plane, triple-plane, quad-plane
- DLimited, moderate, extensive, unrestricted
36What does nonaxial mean?
- ASlipping movements only
- BMovement in one plane
- CMovement in two planes
- DMovement in or around all three planes
37What does uniaxial mean?
- ASlipping movements only
- BMovement in one plane
- CMovement in two planes
- DMovement in or around all three planes
38What does biaxial mean?
- ASlipping movements only
- BMovement in one plane
- CMovement in two planes
- DMovement in or around all three planes
39What does multiaxial mean?
- ASlipping movements only
- BMovement in one plane
- CMovement in two planes
- DMovement in or around all three planes
40What are the three general types of body movements?
- AFlexion, extension, hyperextension
- BGliding, angular movements, rotation
- CAbduction, adduction, circumduction
- DSupination, pronation, inversion
41What are gliding movements like those that occur at the intercarpal joints of the wrist?
- ARotating one bone around its long axis
- BBending a joint to decrease the angle between two bones
- CSliding the flat surfaces of two bones across each other
- DMoving a limb away from the midline of the body
42Which of these are types of angular movements?
- AFlexion and extension
- BHyperextension and abduction
- CAdduction and circumduction
- DAll of the above
43What are angular movements?
- AMovements that rotate one bone around its long axis
- BMovements that increase or decrease the angle between two bones and may occur in any plane of the body
- CMovements that slide the flat surfaces of two bones across each other
- DMovements that move a limb away from or toward the midline of the body
44What is flexion?
- ADecreasing the angle between two bones, usually in the sagittal plane
- BIncreasing the angle between two bones, usually in the sagittal plane
- CMoving a limb away from the body midline in the frontal plane
- DMoving a limb toward the body midline in the frontal plane
45Which of these movements is not flexion?
- ABending the head forward on the chest
- BBending the body trunk from a straight to an angled position
- CLifting the arm in an anterior direction
- DSpreading toes apart
46What is extension?
- ADecreasing the angle between two bones, usually in the sagittal plane
- BIncreasing the angle between two bones, usually in the sagittal plane
- CMoving a limb toward the body midline in the frontal plane
- DSliding the flat surfaces of two bones across
each other
47Which of these movements is an extension?
- AStraightening a flexed limb or body part
- BAngling the neck backwards
- CBending the knee backwards
- DRotating the head left
48What is hyperextension?
- ABending a joint to decrease the angle between two bones
- BMoving a limb away from the midline of the body
- CSliding the flat surfaces of two bones across each other
- DExtending a limb or body part beyond the anatomical position
49What is abduction?
- AMoving a limb away from the body midline in the frontal plane
- BMoving a limb toward the body midline in the frontal plane
- CMoving a limb or finger so that it describes a cone in space
- DTurning a bone around its longitudinal axis
50Which of these movements is not an abduction?
- AMoving a limb away from the midline of the body
- BRaising the arm laterally at the shoulder
- CSpreading the fingers or toes apart
- DLateral bending of the trunk away from the body midline in the frontal plane
51What is adduction?
- AMoving a limb away from the body midline in the frontal plane
- BMoving a limb toward the body midline in the frontal plane
- CDecreasing the angle between two bones, usually in the sagittal plane
- DIncreasing the angle between two bones, usually in the sagittal plane
52What is circumduction?
- AMoving a limb or finger so that it describes a cone in space
- BRotating toward the median plane
- CRotating away from the median plane
- DTurning a bone around its longitudinal axis
53Why is circumduction an angular movement?
- AIt involves a rotational movement around a central axis
- BIt consists of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction performed in succession
- CIt slides the flat surfaces of two bones across each other
- DIt moves a limb in a straight line away from the body
54What is a rotation movement?
- ATurning a bone around its longitudinal axis
- BMoving a limb or finger so that it describes a cone in space
- CSliding the flat surfaces of two bones across
each other - DDecreasing the angle between two bones, usually in the sagittal plane
55What are medial and lateral rotations?
- AMedial rotates towards the median plane and lateral rotates away from the median plane
- BMedial rotates away from the median plane and lateral rotates towards the median plane
- CMedial rotates in a circular motion and lateral rotates in a linear motion
- DMedial rotates upwards and lateral rotates downwards
56What are supination and pronation movements?
- ASupination involves the radius rotating over the ulna so the palm points downward, while pronation involves the radius and ulna being parallel so the palm points upward
- BPronation involves the radius rotating over the ulna so the palm points downward, while supination involves the radius and ulna being parallel so the palm points upward
- CSupination involves the radius rotating over the ulna so the palm points upward, while pronation involves the radius and ulna being parallel so the palm points downward
- DPronation involves the radius rotating over the ulna so the palm points upward, while supination involves the radius and ulna being parallel so the palm points downward
57What is dorsiflexion and plantar flexion?
- ADorsiflexion lifts the foot so that its superior surface approaches the shin and plantar flexion depresses the foot so the toes are pointed.
- BPlantar flexion lifts the foot so that its superior surface approaches the shin and dorsiflexion depresses the foot so the toes are pointed.
- CDorsiflexion turns the sole of the foot medially and plantar flexion turns the sole of the foot laterally.
- DPlantar flexion turns the sole of the foot medially and dorsiflexion turns the sole of the foot laterally.
58What is inversion and eversion?
- AInversion turns the sole of the foot medially and eversion turns the sole of the foot laterally.
- BEversion turns the sole of the foot medially and inversion turns the sole of the foot laterally.
- CInversion lifts a body part superiorly while eversion moves the inverted part inferiorly.
- DEversion lifts a body part superiorly while inversion moves the everted part inferiorly.
59What are protraction and retraction movements?
- AThe mandible is protracted when you just our your jaw and retracted when you bring it back.
- BThe mandible is retracted when you just our your jaw and protracted when you bring it back.
- CRetraction is a portion of the body being moved forward on a plane parallel to the ground and protraction is a movement that results in the retracted portion of the body being moved on a parallel plane, back to its original position.
- DScapular protraction pulls the shoulder blades together toward the spine and scapular retraction is when the scapulae move laterally away from the spine.
60What are elevation and depression movements?
- AElevation means lifting a body part superiorly and depression moves the elevated part inferiorly.
- BDepression means lifting a body part superiorly and elevation moves the depressed part inferiorly.
- CElevation is a nonangular anterior movement in a transverse plane and depression is the posterior movement.
- DDepression is a nonangular anterior movement in a transverse plane and elevation is the posterior movement.
61What is the opposition movement?
- ABringing the thumb and a finger tip together across the palm
- BMoving the thumb in a circular motion
- CMoving the thumb towards the midline
- DMoving the thumb away from the midline
62What are the different types of synovial joints?
- APlane and hinge
- BPivot and condylar
- CSaddle and ball-and-socket
- DAll of the above
63What are plane synovial joints?
- AThe shape of its articulating surfaces are flat and the only type of movements it can make are nonaxial.
- BThey have a cylindrical surface that fits a in trough and it uses flexion and extension to make uniaxial movement.
- CThey have a rounded surface (axle) that fits into a ring/sleeve and it uses rotations to make uniaxial movement.
- DThey have an oval protuberance that fits into an elliptical cavity and it is capable of biaxial movements of all kinds except rotation & opposition.
64What are hinge synovial joints?
- AThey have a cylindrical surface that fits a in trough and it uses flexion and extension to make uniaxial movement.
- BThey have a rounded surface (axle) that fits into a ring/sleeve and it uses rotations to make uniaxial movement.
- CThey have an oval protuberance that fits into an elliptical cavity and it is capable of biaxial movements of all kinds except rotation & opposition.
- DThey have a concave surface that fits in a convex surface and it is capable of biaxial movements of all kinds (including opposition) except rotation.
65What are pivot synovial joints?
- AThey have a rounded surface (axle) that fits into a ring/sleeve and it uses rotations to make uniaxial movement.
- BThey have an oval protuberance that fits into an elliptical cavity and it is capable of biaxial movements of all kinds except rotation & opposition.
- CThey have a concave surface that fits in a convex surface and it is capable of biaxial movements of all kinds (including opposition) except rotation.
- DThey have a spherical head that fits in a cup and is capable of multiaxial movement of all kinds except gliding and opposition.
66What are condylar synovial joints?
- AThey have an oval protuberance that fits into an elliptical cavity and it is capable of biaxial movements of all kinds except rotation & opposition.
- BThey have a concave surface that fits in a convex surface and it is capable of biaxial movements of all kinds (including opposition) except rotation.
- CThey have a spherical head that fits in a cup and is capable of multiaxial movement of all kinds except gliding and opposition.
- DThe shape of its articulating surfaces are flat and the only type of movements it can make are nonaxial.
67What are saddle synovial joints?
- AThey have a concave surface that fits in a convex surface and it is capable of biaxial movements of all kinds (including opposition) except rotation.
- BThey have a spherical head that fits in a cup and is capable of multiaxial movement of all kinds except gliding and opposition.
- CThe shape of its articulating surfaces are flat and the only type of movements it can make are nonaxial.
- DThey have a cylindrical surface that fits a in trough and it uses flexion and extension to make uniaxial movement.
68What are ball-and-socket synovial joints?
- AThey have a spherical head that fits in a cup and is capable of multiaxial movement of all kinds except gliding and opposition.
- BThe shape of its articulating surfaces are flat and the only type of movements it can make are nonaxial.
- CThey have a cylindrical surface that fits a in trough and it uses flexion and extension to make uniaxial movement.
- DThey have a rounded surface (axle) that fits into a ring/sleeve and it uses rotations to make uniaxial movement.
69Which of these are a plane joint?
- AIntercarpal joints
- BElbow joints
- CProximal radioulnar joints
- DWrist joint and knuckles (metacarpophalangeal)
70Which of these are a hinge joint?
- AElbow joints
- BProximal radioulnar joints
- CWrist joints and knuckle joints (metacarpophalangeal)
- DCarpometacarpal joints of the thumbs
71Which of these are a pivot joint?
- AProximal radioulnar joints
- BWrist joints and knuckle joints (metacarpophalangeal)
- CCarpometacarpal joints of the thumbs
- DShoulder joints and hip joints
72Which of these are condylar joints?
- AWrist joints and knuckle joints (metacarpophalangeal)
- BCarpometacarpal joints of the thumbs
- CShoulder joints and hip joints
- DIntercarpal joints
73Which of these are saddle joints?
- ACarpometacarpal joints of the thumbs
- BShoulder joints and hip joints
- CIntercarpal joints
- DElbow joints
74Which of these are ball-and-socket joints?
- AShoulder joints and hip joints
- BIntercarpal joints
- CElbow joints
- DProximal radioulnar joints
75What is true of a cartilage tear?
- ACartilage rarely repairs itself and the fragments may cause joint to lock or bind
- BRepaired with arthroscopic surgery to remove cartilage fragments which renders the joint less stable but more mobile (complete removal leads to osteoarthritis)
- CCaused when articular cartilage is subjected to compression and shear stress at the same time
- DAll of the above
76What is true of a sprain?
- AReinforcing ligaments are stretched or torn
- BPartial tears repair very slowly because of poor vascularization
- CIf torn completely, 3 options: ends of ligaments sewn together, replaced with grafts, allow time and immobilization for healing
- DAll of the above
77What is untrue of a dislocation?
- AAccompanied by sprains, inflammation, and difficulty moving joint
- BCaused by serious falls or contact sports where the bones are forced out of alignment
- CMust be reduced to treat (aka bone ends returned to their proper positions)
- DAlso called a subluxation
78What is a subluxation?
- AA partial dislocation of a joint
- BInflammation of bursa, usually caused by blow or friction
- CInflammation of tendon sheaths, typically caused by overuse
- DOver 100 different types of inflammatory or degenerative diseases that damage the joints
79What is bursitis?
- AInflammation of bursa, usually caused by blow or friction
- BInflammation of tendon sheaths, typically caused by overuse
- COver 100 different types of inflammatory or degenerative diseases that damage
joints - DA partial dislocation of a joint
80What is tendonitis?
- AOver 100 different types of inflammatory or degenerative diseases that damage
joints - BA partial dislocation of a joint
- CInflammation of tendon sheaths, typically caused by overuse
- DInflammation of bursa, usually caused by blow or friction
- AOver 100 different types of inflammatory or degenerative diseases that damage
81What is arthritis?
- AOver 100 different types of inflammatory or degenerative diseases that damage
joints - BInflammation of bursa, usually caused by blow or friction
- CInflammation of tendon sheaths, typically caused by overuse
- DA partial dislocation of a joint
- AOver 100 different types of inflammatory or degenerative diseases that damage
82What is untrue of arthritis?
- AMost widespread crippling disease in North America.
- BSymptoms: pain, stiffness, and swelling of joint
- CAcute forms: caused by bacteria, treated with antibiotics
- DAcute forms: osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gouty arthritis
83What is untrue of Osteoarthritis (OA)?
- AMost common type of arthritis and is an irreversible, degenerative (“wear-and-tear”) arthritis
- BJoints may be stiff and make crunching noise referred to as crepitus, especially upon rising
- CTreatment: moderate activity, mild pain relievers, capsaicin creams
- DOA is not usually part of normal aging process
84Which statement best describes the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis?
- AOsteoarthritis may reflect excessive release of enzymes that break down articular cartilage.
- BOsteoarthritis is characterized by inflammation of the joint capsule and excessive production of synovial fluid.
- COsteoarthritis results from infection of the joints by bacteria or viruses.
- DOsteoarthritis is primarily caused by autoimmune reactions targeting the synovial membrane.
85What is true of gouty arthritis?
- AIt typically affects joint at base of big toe and in untreated gouty arthritis, bone ends fuse and immobilize joint
- BDeposition of uric acid crystals in joints and soft
tissues, followed by inflammation - CTreatment: drugs, plenty of water, avoidance of alcohol and foods high in purines (such as liver, kidneys, and sardines)
- DAll of the above
86How do you treat rheumatoid arthritis?
- ASteroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to decrease pain and inflammation
- BDisruption of destruction of joints by suppressing immune system which slows the autoimmune reaction. Some agents target tumour necrosis factor to block action of inflammatory chemicals
- CCan replace joint with prosthesis
- DAll of the above
87What is the first step of rheumatoid arthritis?
- AInflammation of synovial membrane (synovitis) of affected joint
- BInflammatory blood cells migrate to joint, release inflammatory chemicals that destroy tissues
- CSynovial fluid accumulates, causing joint swelling
- DInflamed synovial membrane thickens into abnormal pannus tissue that clings to articular cartilage
88What is the second step of rheumatoid arthritis?
- AInflammatory blood cells migrate to joint, release inflammatory chemicals that destroy tissues
- BSynovial fluid accumulates, causing joint swelling
- CInflamed synovial membrane thickens into abnormal pannus tissue that clings to articular cartilage
- DPannus erodes cartilage, scar tissue forms and connects articulating bone ends (ankylosis)
89What is the third step of rheumatoid arthritis?
- ASynovial fluid accumulates, causing joint swelling
- BInflamed synovial membrane thickens into abnormal pannus tissue that clings to articular cartilage
- CPannus erodes cartilage, scar tissue forms and connects articulating bone ends (ankylosis)
- DInflammation of synovial membrane (synovitis) of affected joint
90What is the fourth step of rheumatoid arthritis?
- AInflamed synovial membrane thickens into abnormal pannus tissue that clings to articular cartilage
- BPannus erodes cartilage, scar tissue forms and connects articulating bone ends (ankylosis)
- CInflammation of synovial membrane (synovitis) of affected joint
- DInflammatory blood cells migrate to joint, release inflammatory chemicals that destroy tissues
91What is the last step of rheumatoid arthritis?
- APannus erodes cartilage, scar tissue forms and connects articulating bone ends (ankylosis)
- BInflammation of synovial membrane (synovitis) of affected joint
- CInflammatory blood cells migrate to joint, release inflammatory chemicals that destroy tissues
- DSynovial fluid accumulates, causing joint swelling
92What is pannus tissue?
- AHealthy cartilage found in joints.
- BScar tissue formed after joint replacement surgery.
- CAbnormal tissue growth in the synovial lining of joints.
- DFibrous tissue connecting muscle to bone.
93What is ankylosis?
- AInflammation of the synovial membrane.
- BAbnormal bone fusion, leading to stiffness and immobility of a joint.
- CDegeneration of articular cartilage.
- DExcessive release of enzymes that break down articular cartilage.
94What is untrue of rheumatoid arthritis?
- AChronic and inflammatory
- BHas a known cause
- CIs an autoimmune disease (immune system attacks own cells)
- DSigns and symptoms include joint pain and swelling (usually bilateral), anemia, osteoporosis, muscle weakness, and cardiovascular problems
Informações
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- Biology Quiz sobre CBLG101 - Chapter 8 Joints, criado por Sarah S em 01-06-2024.
- Autor
- Sarah S
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- English
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