Flashcards
Merchant Reading (2007)
Flashcards do conjunto (21)
- 1Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiunicellular green algae with mitochondria
two anterior flagella for motility + mating
one chloroplast
grows in the dark on an organic carbon source while maintaining a functional photosynthetic apparatus - 2What scientific classification is Chlamydomonas reinhardtii?Chlorophyta = division
Chlorophyceae = class
Chlamydomonadales = order
Chlamydomonadaceae = family
Chlamydomonas = genus
reinhardtii = species - 3What type of major division of algae are Chlamydomonas reinhardtii?Green algae
- 4Which general genes of Chlamydomonas are shared with animals but have been lost in angiosperms?those encoding proteins of the eukaryotic flagellum (or cilium) and the associated basal body (or centriole)
- 5how many chromosomes were found in Chlamydomonas?17 (in the draft genome)
- 6how are ribosomal RNA genes arranged in eukaryotes?arranged in tandem arrays
- 7ESTExpressed Sequence Tags
--> used to create protein-coding gene predictions - 8What is strange about the introns of Chlamydomonas?they are longer than that of many eukaryotes
many repeat sequences -> may be subject to creation/invasion by transposable elements! - 9What suggests extensive gene duplications in Chlamydomonas?Half of the genes of the two-gene families are arranged in tandem
- 10What transporters were found in Chlamydomonas?membrane transporters: ion channels, ATP binding cassettes, some related to flagellar function (redistribute intracellular Ca2+), some substrate specific
- 11What did this paper compare the Chlamydomonas proteome to?The human and Arabidopsis genome
--> proteins typically more similar to Arabidopsis with exception in flagellum and basal body proteomes (found in animals but not angiosperms) - 12Where were more homologous proteins found between Chla. and humans and Arabidopsis?Between Chlamydomonas and Arabidopsis but not shared with humans
- 13How might there be homologous proteins between Chlamydomonas and angiosperms that are missing from humans?1) proteins were present in plant-animal ancestor and retained in Chlamydomonas + angiosperms, but lost in animals
2) horizontally gene transfer into Chlamydomonas
3) arose in the plant lineage after divergence of animals (but before the divergence of Chlamydomonas) - 14How did diatoms, brown algae, and chlorophyll a & c containing algae get their photosynthetic organelles?through SECONDARY endosymbiosis
- 15How did green and red algae get their photosynthetic organelles?through PRIMARY endosymbiosis
- 16What is the GreenCut?families that:
contain Chlamydomonas proteins
contain proteins from Ostreococcus, Arabidopsis and moss
do NOT contain proteins from nonphotosynthetic organisms - 17What about PlantCut and Diatom Cut?PlantCut: compare GreenCut proteins to red alga C. merolae --> get a subset of proteins present across the plant kingdom
DiatomCut: GreenCut protein families that also included representatives from the diatoms T. pseudonana or P. tricornutum - 18PlastidCut hypothesis--> protein families present in both the PlantCut and DiatomCut should contain only those GreenCut proteins associated with plastid function
- 19How are reactive oxygen species produced by photosynthesis regulated in the cell?thioredoxins (found in plastids)
- 20What is the eye spot in Chlamydomonas?a structure that senses light and triggers phototactic responses
contains pigment granules and thykaloid membrane - 21AKCsrequired for eyespot assembly
Informações
- Descrição
- The Chlamydomonas Genome Reveals the Evolution of Key Animal and Plant Functions
- Criado por
- Candice Young
- Visualizações
- 16
- Tags
- Avaliação