Flashcards
Elements and the Periodic Table
Flashcards do conjunto (31)
- 1ElementsSubstances that cannot be borken down into simpler materials.
- 2Atomic NumberNumber of protons
- 3Empedocles (Greeks)Elements are the basic substances from which all other substances are made ; fire, earth, water, air
- 4Robert BoyleElements are substances that cannot be borken down into simpler materials. Compoumds- cobinations of elements which can be formed from and broken down into these elements.
- 5Humphry Davyelectrolysis
1. potassium, sodium
2. barium, strontium, magnesium, calcium - 6Henry MoseleyNucleus has a positive charge called the ATOMIC NUMBER
- led to the arrangement of elements in order of atomic number rather than mass and a more advanced definition : an element is a substance all of whose atoms have the same atomic number. - 7GroupVertical
- 8PeriodHorizontal
- 9Right of stepped lineNon-metals
- 10Left of stepped lineMetals
- 11Group 1Alkalis
- 12Group 2Alkaline Earth Metals
- 13Group 7Halogens
- 14Group 8Noble Gases
- 15Alkali Metals physical/chemical propertiessoft, silver metals, low density
reactivity increases doen the group, react with water forming hydroxide and hydrogen and with air to form oxide - 16What are alkali metals stored in and why?Oil - to prevent reaction with atmospheric oxygen or with water
- 17Alkaline earth metals physical/chemical propertiessilver metals, harder then alkali metals
less reactive than corresponding alkali metals, reactivity increase down the group - 18Halogens physical/chemical propertiesNon-metals, low melting and boiling points
very reactive, reactivity decreases down the group, react with hydrogen giving compounds which dissolve in water to form acidic solutions, react vigorously with sodium and other alkali metals giving white salts - 19Noble Gasesgases at room temperature, boiling point and density increases going down the group
least reactive, inert gases - 20Inert GasChemically unreactive
- 21Johann DöbereinerTriads
A) Similar chemical properties
B) Atomic weight of middle element half way between the other two. - 22John NewlandsOctaves
Chemical properties repeat themselves every eighth element when arranged in order of atomic weight - 23Dmitri MendeleevHe organised his table according to his 'periodic law' : Elements are arranged in order of atomic weight in such a way that elements with similar chemical properties are in the same group.
- 24Differences between modern periodic table and Mendeleev'sn order of atomic weight rather than number.
No noble gases
Gaps for undiscovered elements.
He put some elements in reverse order e.g. tellerium and iodine so that the elements would be in the correct order. - 25—Empedocles
- 26—Robert Boyle
- 27—Humphry Davy
- 28—Henry Moseley
- 29—Johann Döbereiner
- 30—John Newlands
- 31—Dmitri Mendeleev
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- Leaving Certificate Chemistry (Elements and the periodic table) FlashCards sobre Elements and the Periodic Table, criado por eimearkelly3 em 14-06-2013.
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