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Flashcards

The Baroque Period

wordswespeak Inglês 43 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (43)

  1. 1Define absolute monarchyThe belief that Kings receive their right to rule from God.
  2. 2What was the time of the Baroque period?1600-1750
  3. 3In what year did Bach die?1750
  4. 4__________ governments gain a lot of power.National governments gain a lot of power.
  5. 5Who was the most emblematic figure?Louis XIV
    (The Sun King)
    *Built Court at Versailles
  6. 6Which class supported the arts?The ruling class.
  7. 7What does baroque mean?At the time it meant over the top and excessive; trashy.
  8. 8Musical revolutions of 1600s (4)-Rise of instrumental music
    -Development of Basso Continuo
    -Focus on major and minor scales
    -Invention of opera
  9. 9Change in instrumental musicMusic written for specific instruments.
    Features that will only work well on the prescribed instruments.
  10. 10Basso Continuo-Usually chord (harpsichord/lute/organ) +bassline
    -Background of most Baroque music
  11. 11Importance of the Basso Continuo (2)-First time composers think of chord progressions
    -Harmonic "padding" allows them to write wilder melodies
  12. 12Canon in D Major (4)Johann Pachelbel
    Basso continuo
    looping bass line
    canon in violin parts
  13. 13CanonA piece in which the same melody is begun in different parts successively, so that the imitations overlap.
  14. 14Violin Concerto in E Major Op. 8 No. 1 ("Spring''), First movement (7)Vivaldi
    Basso Continuo
    Concerto
    Soloist vs tutti
    ritornello form
    ritornello vs. episodes
    the tone painting
  15. 15ConcertoAn orchestral piece in which a single musician gets to stand apart from the group and play a lot of music.
    "soloist"
  16. 16Soloist vs. TuttiThe tutti is usually back up by a group. Contrast with Tutti which means all so the whole group.
  17. 17Ritornello FormA chunk of music that returns multiple times.
    Usually played by tutti.
    Alterable but still recognizable.
    Episodes in between.
  18. 18EpisodesPassages in the ritornello form.
    Either for the soloist or new material for the tutti.
  19. 19TonicThe note our scales are based on; most stable/important
  20. 20Formthe way the piece is organized in time (different sections with different functions)
  21. 21LoopSimple musical story which contain musical material that repeats. Generally bass line or chord progression.
  22. 22Invention of OperaInspired by humanism, intellectuals in Florence noticed Greek tragedies incorporate music. Reinvented to have a more powerful impact.
  23. 23Recitative WRETCH-it-tah-TEEVA style of noted singing that follows the rhythm of words. Musical speech. Freedom to deliver as fast or slow. Used for important parts to the plot with a lot of words.
  24. 24Aria (song)The part of opera that is sung. Express emotion.
  25. 25LibrettoText of an opera.
  26. 26Thy Hand Belinda When I am Laid in Earth -Dido and Aeneas (4)Henry Purcell
    Thy hand... recitative.
    When I am laid... aria.
    Looping bass line.
  27. 27Social History of OperaAristocracy paid for. Immediately popular in Venice. Treated more as a social scene. Designed to feature star singers like Farinello.
  28. 28CastratoMen who were given an operation prepubescent to preserve high voices.
  29. 29"Little" Fague in G minor (4)Bach
    fague
    subject
    episodes
  30. 30FagueFeature multiple lines (ie. voices) that combine a complex web of counterpoint. Organized around a subject
  31. 31SubjectUsually introduced immediately, unaccompanied voice. Later, other voices join in.
  32. 32ExpositionOpening sequence in which each voice presents the subject.
  33. 33EpisodesWhat separated statements of the subject. Looser and more exploratory.
  34. 34The Well-Tempered ClavierPrelude + Fagues in every possible key.
    Problem in tonal music- various keys do not mesh perfectly.
  35. 35Suite No. 3 in C major for Solo Cello (5)Bach
    Dance suite
    binary form
    Bourrée I is major
    Bourrée II is minor
  36. 36Binary FormTwo sections each of which are repeated.
  37. 37ChordSimultaneous combinations of notes.
  38. 38Tonic Triad1st, 3rd, and 5th of a scale
  39. 39Cantata No. 140 Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme (3)Bach
    Cantata
    Chorale melody in "slow motion"
  40. 40CantataSmall orchestra and soloists
  41. 41ChoraleA preexisting melody that the congregation would have been similar with.
  42. 42"There were shepards..." "Glory to God" from the Messiah (4)George Frederic Handel
    Oratorio
    Tone painting
    High+low imagery
  43. 43Oratorioa long work for chorus, orchestra, vocal soloist that tells a story, often biblical. Entertainment.

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To remember facts about the Baroque period
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wordswespeak
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