Flashcards
MCAT Bio: Cell Membrane
Flashcards do conjunto (17)
- 1Active transportThe transport of molecules across a membrane and against their natural flow; mediated by carrier proteins and requiring outside energy.
- 2Carrier proteinA protein responsible for mediating the active transport of molecules from one side of the lipid bilayer to the other. Transport is carried out by a conformational change that occurs within the protein that forms an opening for specific molecules to pass through.
- 3Channel proteinA protein responsible for mediating the passive transport of molecules from one side of the lipid bilayer to the other. Transport is carried out by its membrane-spanning hydrophilic structure which, when open, allows molecules to pass through.
- 4DiffusionThe transport process in which molecules naturally travel from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
- 5GlycocalyxA layer of carbohydrates that coats the exterior of higher-ordered cells. Functions in protecting the cell from damage.
- 6HydrophilicA polar molecule that selectively associates itself with water through hydrogen bonds.
- 7HydrophobicA nonpolar molecule that does not readily associate with water through hydrogen bonds.
- 8Integral proteinA membrane protein that cannot be easily removed from the lipid bilayer.
- 9IonophoreA class of membrane transport proteins. Small, hydrophobic molecules that increase membrane permeability to certain ions.
- 10Lipid bilayerA thin double layer of phospholipid molecules. Provides the structure of a cell membrane. Structure is a result of hydrophobic and hydrophilic forces.
- 11Lipid-bound proteinMembrane proteins that are located entirely within the lipid bilayer, having no part touching either the inside or outside of the cell.
- 12Multi-pass proteinTransmembrane proteins that cross the lipid bilayer more than one time.
- 13OsmosisThe process by which water naturally travels from an area of high concentration to one of lower concentration.
- 14Passive transportTransport mediated by channel proteins. The movement of molecules across a membrane according to the natural flow.
- 15Peripheral proteinA membrane protein that can be easily removed from the lipid bilayer.
- 16Single-pass proteinA transmembrane protein that only crosses the lipid bilayer one time.
- 17Transmembrane proteinA membrane protein that spans the lipid bilayer having portions in contact with both the inside and outside of the cell. Area within the lipid bilayer forms an alpha-helix.
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- MCAT FlashCards sobre MCAT Bio: Cell Membrane, criado por aliking em 21-05-2014.
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