MicroMed Exam 1

1. 1What antibiotics target cell wall synthesis?

   1. ABeta-lactams
   2. BSulfonamides
   3. CVancomycin
   4. DIsoniazid
   5. EEthambutol
   6. FBacitracin
   7. GPolymyxin
   8. HChloramphenicol
   9. IRifampin
   10. JClindamycin
2. 2What antibiotics target antimetabolites?

   1. ASulfonamides
   2. BTrimethoprim
   3. CVancomycin
   4. DAminoglycosides
   5. EQuinolones
   6. FMetronidazole
   7. GTetracyclines
   8. HMacrolides
   9. IEthambutol
   10. JBeta-lactams
3. 3What antibiotics target protein synthesis for 30S ribosome?

   1. AAminioglycosides
   2. BTetracyclines
   3. CVancomycin
   4. DTrimethoprim
   5. EQuinolones
   6. FSulfonamides
   7. GIsoniazid
   8. HRifampin
   9. IBacitracin
   10. JMetronidazole
4. 4What antibiotics target protein synthesis for 50S ribosome?

   1. AChloramphenicol
   2. BMacrolides
   3. CClindamycin
   4. DAminoglycosides
   5. ETetracyclines
   6. FQuinolones
   7. GBeta-lactams
   8. HVancomyin
   9. IRifampin
   10. JTrimethoprim
5. 5What antibiotics target RNA synthesis?

   1. ARifampin
   2. BBeta-lactams
   3. CVancomycin
   4. DTrimethoprim
   5. EEthambutol
   6. FPolymyxin
   7. GAminoglycosides
   8. HQuinolones
   9. ISulfonamides
   10. JMacrolides
6. 6What antibiotics target DNA replication?

   1. AQuinolones
   2. BMetronidazole
   3. CAminoglycosides
   4. DChloramphenicol
   5. ESulfonamides
   6. FClindamycin
   7. GRifampin
   8. HIsoniazid
   9. IEthambutol
   10. JTetracyclines
7. 7Ehrlich discovered that [blank_start]some chemical have selective toxicity[blank_end]. He also discovered [blank_start]salvarsan[blank_end] targeting [blank_start]syphilis[blank_end].

   1. Asome chemical have selective toxicity
   2. Bdrugs are changed in the body
   3. Cmicrobes make antibiotics
   4. Dassays can screen for antibiotics
   5. Esalvarsan
   6. Fsulfonamide
   7. Gpenicillin
   8. Hstreptomycin
   9. Isyphilis
   10. Jtuberculosis
   11. Kstreptococcus
   12. Lgram-positive bacteria
8. 8Domagk discovered that [blank_start]drugs are changed in the body[blank_end]. He also discovered [blank_start]sulfonamide[blank_end] that targets [blank_start]streptococci[blank_end].

   1. Adrugs are changed in the body
   2. Bchemical have selective toxicity
   3. Cmicrobes make antibiotics
   4. Dassays can screen for antibiotics
   5. Esulfonamide
   6. Fsalvarsan
   7. Gstreptomycin
   8. Hpenicillin
   9. Istreptococci
   10. Jsyphilis
   11. Ktuberculosis
   12. Lgram-positive bacteria
9. 9Fleming discovered that [blank_start]microbes make antibiotics[blank_end]. He also discovered [blank_start]penicillin[blank_end] that targets [blank_start]gram-positive bacteria[blank_end].

   1. Amicrobes make antibiotics
   2. Bchemicals have selective toxicity
   3. Cdrugs are changed in the body
   4. Dassays can screen for antibiotics
   5. Epenicillin
   6. Fsalvarsan
   7. Gsulfonamide
   8. Hstreptomycin
   9. Igram-positive bacteria
   10. Jsyphilis
   11. Kstreptococci
   12. Ltuberculosis
10. 10Walksman discovered that [blank_start]antibiotics are a class[blank_end]. He also discovered [blank_start]streptomycin[blank_end] targeting [blank_start]tuberculosis[blank_end].

    1. Aantibiotics are a class
    2. Bchemicals have selective toxicity
    3. Cdrugs are changed in the body
    4. Dmicrobes make antibiotics
    5. Eassays can screen for antibiotics
    6. Fstreptomycin
    7. Gsalvarsan
    8. Hsulfonamide
    9. Ipenicillin
    10. Jtuberculosis
    11. Ksyphilis
    12. Lstreptococci
    13. Mgram-positive bacteria

11. 11Dubos discovered that [blank_start]assays can screen for antibiotics[blank_end].

    1. Aassays can screen for antibiotics
    2. Bchemicals have selective toxicity
    3. Cdrugs are changed in the body
    4. Dmicrobes make antibiotics
12. 12Chain & Florey discovered that [blank_start]you can purify and apply penicillin[blank_end].

    1. Ayou can purify and apply penicillin
    2. Bchemicals have selective toxicity
    3. Cdrugs are changed in the body
    4. Dmicrobes make antibiotics
    5. Eassays can screen for antibiotics
13. 13Streptococcus pyogenes is bacitracin [blank_start]sensitive[blank_end] and optochin [blank_start]resistant[blank_end].

    1. Asensitive
    2. Bresistant
    3. Cresistant
    4. Dsensitive
14. 14Streptococcus agalactiae is bacitracin [blank_start]resistant[blank_end] and optochin [blank_start]resistant[blank_end].

    1. Aresistant
    2. Bsensitive
    3. Cresistant
    4. Dsensitive
15. 15Streptococcus pneumoniae is bacitracin [blank_start]resistant[blank_end] and optochin [blank_start]sensitive[blank_end].

    1. Aresistant
    2. Bsensitive
    3. Csensitive
    4. Dresistant
16. 16The adhesins responsible for pathogenic invasion are (longest to shortest): [blank_start]flagella[blank_end], [blank_start]fimbriae[blank_end], [blank_start]fibrils[blank_end], and [blank_start]curli[blank_end].

    1. Aflagella
    2. Bfimbriae
    3. Cfibrils
    4. Dcurli
17. 17Consequences of adhesion: Successful adhesion -> [blank_start]signal cascade[blank_end] -> induce [blank_start]gene expression[blank_end]

    1. Asignal cascade
    2. Bgene expression
18. 18There are two mechanisms of invasion by intracellular bacteria. The zipper mechanism involves the induction of [blank_start]local changes in actin organization[blank_end]. [blank_start]The bacteria sinks into the cell[blank_end]. The trigger mechanism involves the induction of [blank_start]global changes in actin organization[blank_end]. [blank_start]The membrane engulfs the bacteria[blank_end].

    1. Alocal changes in actin organization
    2. Bglobal changes in actin organization
    3. CThe bacteria sinks into the cell
    4. DThe membrane engulfs the bacteria
    5. Eglobal changes in actin organization
    6. Flocal changes in actin organization
    7. GThe membrane engulfs the bacteria
    8. HThe bacteria sinks into the cell
19. 19After invasion, bacteria can stay or move in [blank_start]local[blank_end] or [blank_start]systemic[blank_end] invasion.

    1. Alocal
    2. Bsystemic
20. 20To avoid uptake by immune cells, bacteria can manipulate actin to [blank_start]inhibit phagocytosis[blank_end] or attach and [blank_start]form pedestals[blank_end].

    1. Ainhibit phagocytosis
    2. Bform pedestals
21. 21The three phases of biofilm formation are: [blank_start]planktonic cells[blank_end] adhere, adhering cells [blank_start]colonize[blank_end] and form extracellular matrix, [blank_start]colonies[blank_end] form biofilm.

    1. Acolonies
    2. Bplanktonic cells
    3. Ccolonize
22. 22Consequences of infection for host cells: [blank_start]No apparent effect[blank_end] (biofilms), [blank_start]alteration of morphology[blank_end] (extracellular bacteria), and [blank_start]invasion[blank_end] (intracellular bacteria).

    1. ANo apparent effect
    2. Balteration of morphology
    3. Cinvasion
23. 23LD50 = dose [blank_start]killing[blank_end] 50% of test organisms.

    1. Akilling
24. 24ED50 = dose [blank_start]effecting[blank_end] 50% of test organisms.

    1. Aeffecting
25. 25Physiological mechanisms for drug resistance include: lack of [blank_start]entry[blank_end], greater [blank_start]exit[blank_end], drug [blank_start]inactivation[blank_end], [blank_start]altered[blank_end] target, synthesis of [blank_start]resistant pathway[blank_end].

    1. Aentry
    2. Bexit
    3. Cinactivation
    4. Daltered
    5. Eresistant pathway
26. 26Non-genetic mechanisms for drug resistance include: [blank_start]metabolic[blank_end] [blank_start]inactivity[blank_end], [blank_start]cell[blank_end] [blank_start]walls[blank_end], [blank_start]capsules[blank_end].

    1. Ametabolic
    2. Binactivity
    3. Ccapsules
    4. Dcell
    5. Ewalls
27. 27Genetic mechanisms for drug resistance include: [blank_start]spontaneous mutations[blank_end], acquisition of [blank_start]new genes[blank_end].

    1. Aspontaneous mutations
    2. Bnew genes
28. 28Types of exotoxins: Type 1 [blank_start]membrane acting[blank_end], Type 2 [blank_start]membrane damaging[blank_end], type 3 [blank_start]intracellular[blank_end]. Type 1 includes [blank_start]superantigens[blank_end], Type 2 includes [blank_start]channel forming[blank_end] and [blank_start]enzyme toxins[blank_end], Type 3 includes [blank_start]A-B toxins[blank_end] and [blank_start]secretion systems[blank_end].

    1. Amembrane acting
    2. Bmembrane damaging
    3. Cintracellular
    4. Dmembrane damaging
    5. Emembrane acting
    6. Fintracellular
    7. Gintracellular
    8. Hmembrane acting
    9. Imembrane damaging
    10. Jsuperantigens
    11. Kchannel forming
    12. Lenzyme toxins
    13. MA-B toxins
    14. Nsecretion systems
    15. Ochannel forming
    16. Psuperantigens
    17. QA-B toxins
    18. Rsecretion systems
    19. Senzyme toxins
    20. Tsuperantigens
    21. UA-B toxins
    22. Vsecretion systems
    23. WA-B toxins
    24. Xsuperantigens
    25. Ychannel forming
    26. Zenzyme toxins
    27. AAsecretion systems
    28. ABsuperantigens
    29. ACchannel forming
    30. ADenzyme toxins
29. 29Endotoxins for G+ include [blank_start]LPS[blank_end]. Endotoxins for G- include [blank_start]TA & LTA[blank_end].

    1. ALPS
    2. BTA & LTA
    3. CTA & LTA
    4. DLPS
30. 30Streptococci are catalase [blank_start]negative[blank_end].

    1. Anegative
31. 31Staphylococci are catalase [blank_start]positive[blank_end].

    1. Apositive
32. 32[blank_start]Staphyloccocus aureus[blank_end] is coagulase positive.

    1. AStaphylococcus aureus
33. 33Staph Type 1 toxins include:

    1. AEnterotoxins (Superantigens)
    2. BTSST-1
    3. CBeta-toxin
    4. DHyaluronidase
    5. EExfoliative toxins
    6. FDelta-toxin
34. 34Staph type 2 enzyme toxins include:

    1. ABeta-toxin
    2. BHyaluronidase
    3. CExfoliative toxins
    4. DDelta-toxins
    5. EEnterotoxins (Superantigens)
    6. FTSST-1
    7. GP-V leukocidin
    8. HAlpha channel
    9. IGamma channel
35. 35Staph Type 2 channel toxins include:

    1. AAlpha channel
    2. BGamma channel
    3. CP-V leukocidin
    4. DEnterotoxins (Superantigens)
    5. ETSST-1
    6. FBeta-toxin
    7. GHyaluronidase
    8. HExfoliative toxin
    9. IDelta-toxin
36. 36Staph toxin mediated diseases include:

    1. AScaled Skin Syndrome
    2. BBullous Impetigo
    3. CFood poisoning
    4. DToxic Shock Syndrome
    5. EBacteremia
    6. FAcute Endocarditis
    7. GPneumonia
    8. HCutaneous infections
37. 37Staph suppurative diseases include:

    1. ACutaneous infection
    2. BBacteremia
    3. CAcute Endocarditis
    4. DPneumonia
    5. EScaled Skin Syndrome
    6. FBullous Impetigo
    7. GFood Poisoning
    8. HToxic Shock Syndrome
38. 38Types of pneumonia include: [blank_start]aspiration[blank_end], [blank_start]hematogenous[blank_end], [blank_start]necrotizing[blank_end], and [blank_start]septic[blank_end] [blank_start]arthritis[blank_end].

    1. Aaspiration
    2. Bhematogenous
    3. Cnecrotizing
    4. Dseptic
    5. Earthritis
39. 39Types of cutaneous infection (best to worst) include: [blank_start]impetigo[blank_end], [blank_start]folliculitis[blank_end], [blank_start]furuncles[blank_end], and [blank_start]carbuncles[blank_end].

    1. Aimpetigo
    2. Bfolliculitis
    3. Cfuruncles
    4. Dcarbuncles
40. 40[blank_start]Staphyloccocus aureus[blank_end] is coagulase positive, mannitol fermenter, alpha-toxin, cell wall with ribitol and protein A.

    1. AStaphyloccocus aureus
    2. BStaphylococcus epidermidis
    3. CStaphylococcus saprophyticus

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Quiz on MicroMed Exam 1, created by Emma Williams on 23/09/2017.

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