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Determinism
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Questions in this quiz (20)
1Determinism is ...
- ADeterminism, is the theory that all events, including moral choices, are completely determined by previously existing causes.
- BDeterminism, is the theory that all moral choices are completely determined by external authorities.
- CDeterminism, is the theory that all previous events, including moral choices, have been completely determined by human causes.
2What is Concupiscence?
- AThe need for a companion.
- BThe science of the body and the soul.
- CThe concpet of sin and how it affects humainity.
3How did the fall affect humanity?
- AHe believed that the Fall left lasting damage on human nature. The soul's rebellion against God caused a rebellion of the body against the mind. This meant that in the postlapsarian state every human from then on would be born with rebellion (concupiscence) at the heart of their being.
'After Adam and Eve disobeyed...they felt for the first time a movement of disobedience in their flesh, as punishment in kind for their own disobedience to God... The soul, which had taken a perverse delight in its own liberty and disdain to serve God, was now deprived of its original mastery over the body. Because it had deliberately deserted the Lord who was over it, it no longer bent to its will the servant below it, being unable to hold the flesh completely in its subjugation as would always have been the case, if only the soul had remained subject to God. From this moment on, then the flesh began to lust against the spirit. With this rebellion we are born.' City of God Book 13 Chapter 13 - BHe believed that the Fall left lasting damage on the human body. The soul's rebellion against God caused a rebellion of the body against the mind. This meant that in the postlapsarian state every human from then on would be born with rebellion (concupiscence) at the heart of their being.
'After Adam and Eve disobeyed...they felt for the first time a movement of disobedience in their flesh, as punishment in kind for their own disobedience to God... The soul, which had taken a perverse delight in its own liberty and disdain to serve God, was now deprived of its original mastery over the body. From this moment on, then the flesh began to lust against others and a sinful nature. With this rebellion we are born.' City of God Book 13 Chapter 13
- AHe believed that the Fall left lasting damage on human nature. The soul's rebellion against God caused a rebellion of the body against the mind. This meant that in the postlapsarian state every human from then on would be born with rebellion (concupiscence) at the heart of their being.
4What is massa peccati?
- AMess of sin
- BThe body affecting control
- CThe soul controlling the evil nature of the body
5What did Augustine believe about free will?
- AHumanity has no free will
- BWe still are able to choose what we desire, but our desires remain chained by our evil impulses.
- CFree will had been significantly affected by the Fall and this was the reason humanity sinned.
6Who did God chose to give his grace to?
- AElect
- BSaints
- CAll
7How would Calvin describe God?
- AJudeo-Christian God
- BGod of limited control
- CExternal God who supports creation from a distance
8Where does Calvin believe humanity gets its understanding of God from?
- AAuthority
- BMinisters and Conscience
- CScripture
9What is protestant predestination?
- AThe belief that life is selective in events
- B“The Doctrine of the Living Saints”
- CThe view that all will be saved who follow God's grace
10What problems does Calvin's ideas of predestination cause?
- AThe belief in a good God is diminished.
- BGod has favourites and will only support the elect.
- CGod controls the reprobates and tests them with evil.
11What is hard determinism?
- AThe belief that the choices we make in life are hard.
- BThe idea that life is planned and affected by other factors.
12Philosophical Determinism is the theory of universal causation philosophical determinism, like all forms of hard determinism, is based on the theory of universal causation. This is the belief that everything in the universe including all human actions and choices has not been predetermined and therefore God does not cause it. Thus all events are causally determined and theoretically predictable; you just need to know the effect of the causes (a mechanistic philosophy, put forward in the cosmological argument, Aquinas).
- ATrue
- BFalse
13Psychological determinism, or nature-nurture. Psychology is the study of human behaviour. According to psychological determinism, all human behaviour, thoughts and feelings are the inevitable outcome of complex psychological laws describing cause and effect relationships in human behaviour. Thus all decisions and actions can theoretically be predicted. There are many influencing factors on human behaviour:
• hereditary
• society
• culture
• environment- ATrue
- BFalse
14Theological determinism is the belief that the causal chain can be traced back to an uncaused causer (cosmological argument, Aquinas), and this is God. If god is omniscient and omnipotent, we cannot have free-will and our actions must be pre-determined by him.
- ATrue
- BFalse
15St. Paul believed that God chooses who will be saved. We shouldn't question God's right to choose since none of us deserve to be saved. People seek salvation and justification, which depend on faith and are available to all. However, although we may seek them only God can give them to us through his grace. For St. Paul, freedom is not being bound by the rules of the Old Testament, the ability to choose to accept God into your life and to overcome sin, death, flesh and darkness through Christ’s resurrection. Thus humans are free to choose how to live their lives but their final destination is determined by God alone, he believed liked Augustine that only some would be saved based on their elected role.
- ATrue
- BFalse
16What percentage of the population did Calvin believe would be saved?
- A10%
- B30%
- C5%
17
Science is mechanistic; it is based upon the theory of universal causation. Science tells us that for every physical event there is a physical cause, and this causal chain can be traced back to the moment of the big bang. If we consider the mind to be material activity in the brain i.e. Chemical impulses, then our thoughts and decisions are also pre-determined. We can explore the causes of human behaviour through the many different branches of science, for example psychology, sociology, physiology and anthropology.
There are regularities in the way that nature behaves and scientific laws which enable us to predict how things will behave e.g. Newton's law of gravity.- ATrue
- BFalse
18What is compatibilism?
- AA version of Hard Determinism
- BAnother name for Soft Determinism
19Kant accepted soft determinism. He said that determinism applies to everything which is the object of choice but does not apply to knowledge - the two are too radically different to both operate on just one theory.
- ATrue
- BFalse
20Libertarians argue that because we blame ourselves and feel guilty for our actions, we must therefore be free to choose freely. If we were determined, libertarians argue, we wouldn't feel guilty about choosing certain things. Hard determinists would criticise this point, drawing on Locke's analogy of the man in the locked room.
Peter van Inwagen gives the following analogy of libertarianism v. determinism: libertarianism is like travelling down a road and choosing which turnings to take, whereas determinism is like travelling down a road with no turnings - just one fixed path.- ATrue
- BFalse
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- Eduqas ALevel Determinism
- Author
- Shelly Colledge-Smith
- Language
- English
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