Intro to psych 2

1. 1Operant conditioning:

   1. ARepresents learning using autobiographical memory
   2. BRepresents learning of specific behaviour through reinforcement and punishment
   3. CRepresents learning through pairing of stimulus and response.
   4. DRepresents learning through using repetitive stimuli.
2. 2Which of the following statement sis correct?

   1. AClassical conditioning focuses on involuntary responses, while operant conditioning focuses on voluntary behaviours.
   2. BClassical conditioning is involved with negative outcomes, while operant conditioning is involved with positive outcomes.
   3. CExtinction occurs in classical conditioning, but not in operant conditioning.
   4. DShaping occurs in classical conditioning, but not in operant conditioning.
3. 3Hugh's mother has been nagging him for weeks to clean the garage. When he does so, his mother's nagging ceases. The cessation of Hugh's mother's nagging is an example of:

   1. APositive reinforcer
   2. BNegative reinforcer
   3. CPositive punishment
   4. DNegative punishment
4. 4When a teenager gets poor grades, his father takes away his mobile phone. This consequence is a

   1. APositive reinforcer
   2. BNegative reinforcer
   3. CPositive punishment
   4. DNegative punishment
5. 5You decide to increase your study behaviour by rewarding yourself with one hour of television watching for each chapter of the textbook that you read. What type of reinforcement schedule are you using?

   1. AA fixed-ratio schedule
   2. BA variable-ratio schedule
   3. CA fixed-interval schedule
   4. DA variable-interval schedule
6. 6A supervisor comes into the workplace to check on her employees every hour and a half. An observer notices that the workers increase their work behaviour about 10 minutes before the supervisor arrives and then decrease their work behaviour after she leaves. On what type of reinforcement schedule are the workers?

   1. AA fixed-interval schedule
   2. BA variable-interval schedule
   3. CA fixed-ration schedule
   4. DA variable-ratio schedule
7. 7A mother is teaching her son to hang up his towel after his shower. What reinforcement schedule should she use to make his behaviour most likely to continue?

   1. AReward him every time he does the behavior
   2. BReward him one in every 5 times
   3. CReward him every second time he does the behaviour
   4. DReward him every now and then randomly
8. 8Although a punishment has several disadvantages, it is most effective when:

   1. Ait occurs a couple days after the behaviour.
   2. Bthe punisher identifies more appropriate behaviour
   3. Cthe punisher is very angry while punishing.
   4. Dthe behaviour is intermittently punished
9. 9Every time Bert slices onions, the onions burn his eyes and tears run down his face. One day he opened the silverware drawer and pulled out the knife that he uses only to peel onions and immediately started to shed tears from the sight of the knife. In this situation, the onion is the [blank_start]unconditioned stimulus[blank_end], and the knife is the [blank_start]conditioned stimulus[blank_end].

   1. Aunconditioned stimulus
   2. Bconditioned stimulus
10. 10Lorraine, while feeling nauseous after a chemotherapy session, would try to eat cold icecream to soothe mouth inflammation. Post-recovery, she found that looking at, smelling, or tasting icecream would make her feel nauseous. In this example, icecream is the [blank_start]conditioned stimulus[blank_end], paired with nausea from chemo, to make nausea the new [blank_start]conditioned response[blank_end].

    1. Aconditioned stimulus
    2. Bconditioned response

11. 11When baby Rupert was sitting on his bald grandfather’s lap, a balloon popped and gave him a great fright. Now Rupert starts to cry every time he sees a bald man. This is an example of:

    1. AExtinction
    2. BSimultaneous recovery
    3. CStimulus discrimination
    4. DStimulus generalisation
12. 12Harrison hates to go to the beach where he was once bitten by a jellyfish. However he loves to go to other beaches. This is an example of:

    1. AStimulus generalisation
    2. BSimultaneous recovery
    3. CStimulus discrimination
    4. DPreparedness
13. 13If someone tells you their telephone number and you can not write it down without rehearsing it, what is the longest period of time you will likely to remember the number?

    1. A1 second
    2. B10 seconds
    3. C20 seconds
    4. D2 minutes
14. 14Yasmin is going to Bali for a holiday. Her sister asks her to bring back a silver bracelet, earrings, a shell, some white sand, a sarong, a hat, a necklace, a poncho, some thongs, and a pair of shoes. She tries to start making a list but cannot remember all of the items. What is the most likely explanation?

    1. AThe information was coded iconically
    2. BThe information was coded semantically
    3. CHer short-term memory will not hold 10 items
    4. DShe was using long-term memory with a parallel search
15. 15If the letters OBACKFIBHJCA are rearranged into HBO-JFK-CIA-ABC, they become much easier to store in short-term memory. This phenomenon illustrates the usefulness of [blank_start]chunking[blank_end] in short-term memory.

    1. Achunking
16. 16Long-term memory is normally capable of retaining how many pieces of information?

    1. A7 pieces of information
    2. B5 to 9 chunks of information
    3. CAn indefinite amount of information
    4. DAbout 1 million pieces of information
17. 17Which type of study compares groups of subjects of different ages at a single time to see whether difference exist among them?

    1. ACross-sectional
    2. BCross-cultural
    3. CLongitudinal
    4. DSequential
18. 18Piaget referred to what as the interpretation of actions or events in terms of one's present schemas?

    1. AAssimilation
    2. BAccommodation
    3. CCognitive processing
    4. DCompromise functions
19. 19According to Piaget, children in the concrete operational stage understand the basic properties of an object or situation remain stable, even though the superficial properties may be changed. This is termed:

    1. Atransitivity
    2. Bconservation
    3. Cdecentration
    4. Dpermanence
20. 20Most psychologists believe that development, like intelligence or personality, reflects the action and mutual influence of genes and the environment. Thus, the most important question concerning nature and nurture is:

    1. Ahow much does each contribute?
    2. Bhow do nature and nurture interact?
    3. Chow can environmental factors be maximised?
    4. Dwhich is more important, nature or nurture?

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Quiz on Intro to psych 2, created by Laura Bell on 17/04/2018.

Author

Laura Bell

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English

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Created on 17 Apr 2018 · updated on 20 Apr 2018

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