Quiz
Basic Concepts of Logic
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Questions in this quiz (30)
1[blank_start]Logic[blank_end] is the science that evaluates arguments.
- ALogic
2An [blank_start]argument[blank_end] is a group of statements compromising one or more premises and one conclusion.
- Aargument
3To distinguish premises from conclusion, look for [blank_start]indicator[blank_end] words and an [blank_start]inferential[blank_end] relation among the statements.
- Aindicator
- Binferential
4A simple noninferential passage in which the topic sentence of the passage is not proven by the other statements is called an [blank_start]expository[blank_end] passage.
- Aexpository
5An [blank_start]illustration[blank_end] is an expression involving one or more examples that is intended to show what something means or how it is done.
- Aillustration
6An [blank_start]explanation[blank_end] is an expression that purports to shed light on some event or phenomenon.
- Aexplanation
7In an explanation, the [blank_start]explanandum[blank_end] is the statement that describes the event or phenomenon to be explained.
- Aexplanandum
8In an explanation, the [blank_start]explanans[blank_end] is the statement or group of statement that purports to do the explaining.
- Aexplanans
9A [blank_start]conditional[blank_end] statement is an "if ... then ..." statement.
- Aconditional
10A [blank_start]deductive[blank_end] argument is an argument in which the conclusion is claimed to follow necessarily from the premises.
- Adeductive
11An [blank_start]inductive[blank_end] argument is an argument in which the conclusion is claimed to follow probably from the premises.
- Ainductive
12An [blank_start]argument based on mathematics[blank_end] is an argument in which the conclusion depends on some purely arithmetic or geometric computation or measurement.
- Aargument based on mathematics
13An [blank_start]argument from definition[blank_end] is an argument in which the conclusion is claimed to depend merely on the definition of some word or phrase.
- Aargument from definition
14A [blank_start]categorical[blank_end] syllogism is a syllogism in which the statement begins with one of the words "all," "no," or "some."
- Acategorical
15A [blank_start]hypothetical[blank_end] syllogism is a syllogism having a conditional statement for one or both of its premises.
- Ahypothetical
16A [blank_start]disjunctive[blank_end] syllogism is syllogism having an "either ... or ..." statement.
- Adisjunctive
17A [blank_start]prediction[blank_end] is an argument that proceeds from our knowledge of the past to a claim about the future.
- Aprediction
18An argument from [blank_start]analogy[blank_end] is an argument that depends on the existence of an analogy, or similarity, between two things or states of affairs.
- Aanalogy
19A [blank_start]generalization[blank_end] is an argument that proceeds from the knowledge of a selected sample to some claim about a whole group.
- Ageneralization
20An argument from [blank_start]authority[blank_end] is an argument that concludes something is true because a presumed expert or witness has said that it is.
- Aauthority
21An argument based on [blank_start]signs[blank_end] is an argument that proceeds from the knowledge of a sign to a claim about the thing or situation that the sign symbolizes.
- Asigns
22A [blank_start]casual inference[blank_end] is an argument that proceeds form knowledge of a cause to a claim about an effect.
- Acasual inference
23A [blank_start]valid[blank_end] deductive argument is a deductive argument in which the conclusion actually follows from the premises.
- Avalid
24A [blank_start]sound[blank_end] deductive argument consists of an argument that is valid and has all true premises.
- Asound
25A [blank_start]strong[blank_end] inductive argument is an inductive argument in which the conclusion actually follows from the premises.
- Astrong
26A [blank_start]cogent[blank_end] inductive argument consists of an argument that is strong and has all true premises.
- Acogent
27A [blank_start]substitution instance[blank_end] is a form of an argument that is produced by uniformly substituting terms or statements in place of the the letters in an argument.
- Asubstitution instance
28A substitution instance having true premises and a false conclusion is called a [blank_start]counterexample[blank_end].
- Acounterexample
29Known as the father of logic, [blank_start]Aristotle[blank_end] (384 - 322 BCE) was a Greek philosopher whose chief accomplishment was syllogistic logic and was the originator of modal logic.
- AAristotle
30A Stoic philosopher, [blank_start]Chrysippus[blank_end] (280 - 206 BCE) is considered to be the originator of propositional logic and introduced a set of rules of inference including what is today called modus ponens, modus tollens and disjunctive syllogism.
- AChrysippus
Information
- Description
- From "A Concise Introduction to Logic" by Patrick J. Hurley
- Author
- Erich Schwarz
- Language
- English
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