Quiz
Microbiology
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Questions in this quiz (35)
1A HIV patient presents with pneumonia in the ER. Physical examinations show erythema nodosum. Ultrasound reveals hepatomegaly and splenomegaly as well ass calcification of these organs. Upon taking history you discover that the patient recently went on a trip to a cave in midwestern U.S. Which of the following organism is responsible for his symptoms?
- AHistoplasma Capsulatum
- BBlastomycosis
- CCoccidioidomycosis
- DParacoccidioidomycosis
2Systemic Fungi are often described as being dimorphic "mold in the cold and yeast in the heat". The cold represents the soil and the heat represent the human body. Which of the following is not classified as a systemic fungi?
- AHistoplasma Capsulatum
- BBlastomycosis
- CCoccidioidomycosis
- DParacoccidioidomycosis
- EMucormycosis
3A 85 year old patient in Southwestern U.S. presents with pneumonia and fever in the ER. He also complains of knee pain and also has erythema nodosum. CXR shows some cavities in some areas but nodules in other areas of the lungs. After being treated with conozole, patient does not get better and develops meningitis. He is then treated with Amphotericin B. Which of the following organism is responsible for his illness?
- AHistoplasma Capsulatum
- BBlastomycosis
- CCoccidioidomycosis
- DParacoccidioidomycosis
4A patient with chronic liver cirrhosis is at her GP for a routine checkup. It was discovered that she has some osteomyelitis. She reports a recent travel to the Ohio River Valley. A CXR and urine antigen test was done. CXR shows hazy lungs and patchy alveolar infiltrate. Antigen test shows positive results for an organism that about the same size as red blood cells. Microscopy shows broad based budding. Which organism is this?
- AHistoplama Capsulatum
- BBlastomycosis
- CCoccidioidomycosis
- DParacoccidioidomycosis
5A patient presents with a severe cough. Examination of the mouth reveals mucosal ulcers and cutaneous lesions in the upper mouth leading to small haemorrhages. It was also found that she has cervical lymphadenopathy. Microscopy of the organism is seen in the picture below. Which organism is this?
- AHistoplasma Capsulatum
- BBlastomycosis
- CCoccidioidomycosis
- DParacoccidioidomycosis
6This organism likes the heat and humidity. It form discoloured patches on the back and chest of infected individuals due to the damage done to melanocytes. Typically caught by patients with total parenteral infusion. Treatment is Selsum blue to promote the increases shedding of the stratum corneum. What is this organisms?
- AMalassezia furfur
- BDermatophytes
- CSporothrix Schenckii
- DMucormycosis
7[blank_start]Sporothrix Schneckii[blank_end] cause a disease commonly known as the rose gardener's disease. It is typically found in rose thorns, tree bark and other plants. Introduced to the skin via an injury and lead to pustule or nodules that develop an ascending pattern along the lymphatics causing red bumps along the skin. Biopsy of the skin yields cigar-shaped budding yeasts. It is treated with itraconazole for the lymphocutaneous disease.
- ASporothrix Schneckii
8I am diagnosed by using woods lamps to illuminate my microsporum. Athletes such as swimmers and wrestler are my favourite targets. The infection I cause look like ringworms. Depending on the type I am, I can be found on the head, body, groin or feet area. I can also infect the nails causing onchomycosis. I am treated with terbanifine and if I am too strong griseofulvin is needed to eliminate me. I am the family of [blank_start]dermatophytes[blank_end], [blank_start]Tinea[blank_end].
- Adermatophytes
- BTinea
9[blank_start]Aspergillus fumigatus[blank_end]. Catalase positive. Associated with aflatoxins. Cause hepatocellular carcinoma. Plant that is resides has acute branching with septation. Cause three types of infections: Allergic bronchopulmonary [blank_start]aspergill[blank_end]us, [blank_start]aspergill[blank_end]omas, Angioinvasive [blank_start]aspergill[blank_end]osis. Angioinvasive [blank_start]aspergill[blank_end]osis typically in patients with neutropenia. Susceptibility for [blank_start]Aspergill[blank_end]omas increase with TB cavities.
- AAspergillus fumigatus
- Baspergill
- Caspergill
- Daspergill
- Easpergill
- FAspergill
10[blank_start]Candida Albicans[blank_end]. Form germ tubes at 37 degrees C and pseudohyphae at 25 C. Catalase positive. normal flora of the GI and Oral cavity. Can cause severe diaper rash, white patches in mouth, endocarditis, oesophagitis. Susceptibles: patient with inhaled steriod use, diabetics, antibiotic use, granulomatous disease, birth control pills. Does not happen after pH [blank_start]4[blank_end]. Aids defining illness at CD4 of [blank_start]100[blank_end].
- ACandida Albicans
- B4
- C100
11[blank_start]Cryptococcus Neoformans[blank_end]. Repeating polysaccharides antigen which is the main virulence factor for making it antiphagocytic and also used for diagnosis. Transmitted by pigeon droppings
and found in soil. urease positive. Symptoms – cough, dyspnea, and other lung infections, fever, meningitis. Bronchopulmonary washings of lung tissue that resemble soap
bubbles, tissue samples can be stained with mucicarmine red or methanamine silver stains. Diagnose by lumbar puncture then use India ink, and will have wide
encapsulated halos. Distinct pathology of the brain having soap bubble lesions.- ACryptococcus Neoformans
12[blank_start]Mucromycoses[blank_end]. targets: immunocompromisesd, diabetics. DKA predispose infection of this organism. In bread mold. Transmitted via spore inhalation. Hyphae are non-septate and have [blank_start]90[blank_end] degree angle branching. proliferate in blood vessels. Invade through [blank_start]cribriform[blank_end] plate in the skull
then will continue to cause necrosis of tissues and frontal cortex abscesses. will present as a black eschar and necrosis of nasal cavity and eyes, causing neuro deficits and death.- AMucromycoses
- B90
- Ccribriform
13[blank_start]Pneumocystis jiroveci[blank_end]. Aid defining illness CD4 below [blank_start]200[blank_end]. ground glass appearance in both lungs. Methamine silver stain to identify, looks like disc shaped yeasts. Broncheolavar lavage for diagnosis Prophylaxis with Bactrim.
- APneumocystis jiroveci
- B200
14[blank_start]Entamoeba Histolytica[blank_end]. Bloody Diarrhea. Cysts form in contam water. Right lobe of liver most commonly involved--> liver abscess (anchovy paste), enlarged and tender. Causes intestinal amebiasis. ulcerations (flask-shaped) along the colon. Stool O&P as diagnosis for cysts/ trophozoites (with endocytosed rbcs) or ELISA.
- AEntamoeba Histolytica
15[blank_start]Giardia Lambia[blank_end]. Usually from drinking unfiltered or unpurified water that contains cysts from feces. Causes bloating, flatulence, and foul smelling diarrhoea. Steatorrhea. Attach but do not invade intestinal wall. Stool O&P as diagnosis or ELISA.
- AGiardia Lambia
16[blank_start]Cryptosporidium[blank_end]. AIDs patient --> profound diarrhoea. Unicellular partially acid fast creating oocytes released fecally and absorbed orally. Cysts contain 4 motile sporozoites that will attach to small intestinal wall and cause damage. oocysts can be removed via filtration of water.
- ACryptosporidium
17[blank_start]Toxoplasma gondii[blank_end]. Associated with cats, consumption of raw or undercooked meat, water contaminated with oocytes shed in the feces of infected animals. ring enhancing lesions on MRI. encephalitis. brain calcifications, cranial calcifications, seizures, hydrocephalus, chorioretinitis, deafness. Biopsy needed to differentiate from [blank_start]CNS lymphoma[blank_end]. Treated with sulfadiazine or pyramethamine. Prophylaxis when CD4 < [blank_start]100[blank_end] and positive for IgG.
- AToxoplasma gondii
- B100
- CCNS lymphoma
18[blank_start]Trypansoma brucei[blank_end] gambiense and rhodesiense. Tsetse fly vector from Africa. parasites move from blood to lymph nodes causing cervical and axillary lympaenopathy. Recurrent fevers (constant antigenic variation leading to recurrent fevers). Sleeping sickness. blood smear for diagnosis. Melarsoprol for CNS infection, [blank_start]Suramin[blank_end] treatment for blood infection.
- ATrypansoma brucei
- BSuramin
19[blank_start]Naegleria fowleri[blank_end]. Associated with fresh water and water sports and nasal irrigation bought over the counter. entry through the [blank_start]cribriform[blank_end] plate. Causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. Lumbar puncture to diagnose.
- ANaegleria fowleri
- Bcribriform
20[blank_start]Trypanosoma cruzi[blank_end]. Chagas disease. in South and central America. from kissing bug ‘s or reduviid feces. may take 10-20 years for disease to set in. megacolon with extreme constipation. dilated cardiomyopathy. megaesophagus. Diagnosed by blood smear during an active infection. Nifurtimox: Treatment
- ATrypanosoma cruzi
21[blank_start]Babesia[blank_end]. From Ixodes tick found on deers. predom in the NE U.S. hemolytic anemia. Cause --> fever (irregular cycling fever), higher risk in sickle cell disease, asplenia. diagnosed by thick blood smear - maltese cross appearance in red blood cells. Treatment is [blank_start]Atovaquone[blank_end] and Azithromycin.
- ABabesia
- BAtovaquone
22[blank_start]Plasmodium[blank_end]. Group of parasite that cause malaria. Located in African wilderness. Carried by mosquitoes which carry sporozoites in saliva, bites human host and mature to trophozoites in liver, then divide into merozoites which burst from hepatocyte and infect RBC’s.
Blood smear Giemsa stain for diagnosis. [blank_start]Plasmodium malariae[blank_end] -> quartan fever cycle. [blank_start]Vivax[blank_end] and [blank_start]Ovale[blank_end] -> dormant hypnozoites in the liver, tertian fever. [blank_start]Falciparum[blank_end] -> irregular fever pattern, most severe symptoms. occlude bvs in the brain, kidney and lungs. SCD patients protected against severe malaria infections.- APlasmodium
- BPlasmodium malariae
- CFalciparum
- DVivax
- EOvale
23[blank_start]Leishmania donovani[blank_end] and [blank_start]braziliensis[blank_end]. Vertebrates are host for [blank_start]braziliensis[blank_end]. vector -> sand fly. Transmission – flies carry the promastigote and becomes an amastigote in the host that ends up in the macrophage.
[blank_start]Donovani[blank_end] -> Black fever, aka visceral ______iosis. fatal if untreated. pancytopenia. hepatosplenomegaly.
Treatment --> [blank_start]Stibogluconate[blank_end] for cutaneous
Amphotericin B for visceral.- ALeishmania donovani
- Bbraziliensis
- Cbraziliensis
- DDonovani
- EStibogluconate
24[blank_start]Trichomonas vaginalis[blank_end]. cervicitis "strawberry cervix". burning, itching and malodorous yellow green discharge. Diagnosed with a wet mount showing motile trophozoites. pH≥ [blank_start]4.5[blank_end]. Treatment: [blank_start]Metronidazole[blank_end].
- ATrichomonas vaginalis
- B4.5
- CMetronidazole
25Which of the following intestinal nematodes is diagnosed with a scotch tape over the anus to identify eggs?
- AEnterobius vermicularis
- BAncyclostoma duodenale and Necator Americanus
- CAscaris Lumbricoides
- DStrondyloides Stercoralis
26Which of the following intestinal nematodes enters the host who walks barefoot and cause severe iron deficiency?
- AEnterobius Vermicularis
- BAncyclostoma Duodenale and Necator Americanus
- CAscaris Lumbricoides
- DStrondyloides Stercoralis
27Which of the following intestinal nematodes is caught by drinking contaminated water that contains the eggs?
It cause malnutrition and respiratory symptoms. Intestinal obstruction at ileocecal valve.- AEnterobius Vermicularis
- BAncyclostoma Duodenale and Necator Americanus
- CAscaris lumbricoides
- DStrongyloides Stercoralis
28Which of the following intestinal nematodes penetrate the bottom of feet?
It lay eggs in the intestinal wall. Not eggs but larvae is found in the stool. Also found in pork and bear. Cause vomiting and fever and form cysts in striated muscle cells leading to inflammation of muscle.- AEnterobius Vermicularis
- BAncyclostoma Duodenale and Necator Americanus
- CAscaris Lumbricoides
- DStrondyloides Stercoralis
29Positive single stranded RNA virus. Uncommon in the US but endemic to Africa, southern Asia and other parts of the world. Transmitted via the fecal-oral route. Resemble the HAV. self-limiting but can cause fulminant hepatitis in pregnant women.
- AHep A
- BHep B
- CHep C
- DHep D
- EHep E
30Part of the Picornavirus family. Acid labile therefore it can replicate in the gut in the Peyer's patches. It infect the anterior horn of lower motor neuron cell bodies and can cause asymmetric paralysis. Also can cause myalgia and respiratory deficiency due to paralysis of the diaphragm.
- APoliovirus
- BEchovirus
- CEnterovirus
- DRhinovirus
- EHAV
- FCoxsackievirus
31Part of the Picornavirus family. Has two strains. Group A: Causes hand, foot and mouth disease. Red vesicular rash. Group B : Can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy. Can cause pleurodynia.
- APoliovirus
- BCoxsackievirus
- CHAV
- DRhinovirus
- EEnterovirus
- FEchovirus
32Part of the picornavirus family. transmitted via inhalation due to it being acid labile and also through fomites. attach to I-CAM1 to enter host cells. Grows best in the cool temp of the upper respiratory tract. Has 113 serotypes therefore no vaccines. Number one cause of the common cold.
- APoliovirus
- BEchovirus
- CEnterovirus
- DRhinovirus
- EHAV
- FCoxsackievirus
33Part of the Picornavirus family. Affects the liver. Acid stable. Contaminated water is the main source of infection in developing countries which include direct drinking the contaminated water and also eating shellfish in these waters. Causes jaundice and vomiting; however, children are less likely to be jaundice.
- AHAV
- BRhinovirus
- CCoxsackievirus
- DEnterovirus
- EEchovirus
- FPoliovirus
34This family of virus is responsible for explosive diarrhoeal illnesses. Caught by consumption of shellfish or food that is contaminated. The most common type if the Norovirus.
- ACalicivirus
- BPicornavirus
- CHepevirus
- DFlavivirus
- ETogavirus
35Part of the Flavirus family. It is carried by Aedes mosquitoes and infect the bone marrow. Causes haemorrhagic fever. Renal failure is common and also even cause septic shock and even death.
- AHCV
- BDengue virus
- CYellow virus
- DWest Nile virus
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- Medicine Quiz on Microbiology, created by Rachel Lau on 08/09/2018.
- Author
- Rachel Lau
- Language
- English
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- History
- Created on 8 Sep 2018 · updated on 13 Sep 2018
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