Anatomy of Urinary Incontinence and Prolapse

The pelvic diaphragm is the deep layer of the pelvic floor and is made up of which two muscles? (alphabetical order) [blank_start]Coccygeus[blank_end] muscle [blank_start]Levator ani[blank_end] muscle

Name the three parts of the levator ani muscle

Levator ani must [blank_start]relax[blank_end] in order to allow urination

Which somatic motor nerves supply the superior and posterior aspects of the levator ani muscles? Superior - [blank_start]Nerve to levator ani[blank_end] Inferior - [blank_start]Pudendal nerve[blank_end]

Nerve roots: Nerve to levator ani = [blank_start]S3-S5[blank_end] Pudendal nerve = [blank_start]S2-S4[blank_end]

The [blank_start]Deep Perineal[blank_end] pouch is covered superiorly by the levator ani and inferiorly by the perineal membrane

In males, the [blank_start]bulbourethral glands[blank_end] are contained within the deep perineal pouch

The neurovascular bundle for the penis/clitoris is located in the [blank_start]deep perineal[blank_end] pouch

Which deep gluteal muscle is the iliococcygeus muscle closely related to? [blank_start]Obturator internus[blank_end]

Bulbourethral glands of the male are homologous to the [blank_start]Bartholins[blank_end] glands of the female

Label the following muscles

The ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus and superficial transverse perineal muscles exist in both males and females

In which space is the root of the penis found in males?

The [blank_start]crura[blank_end] of the penis becomes the corpus cavernosum muscles The [blank_start]bulb[blank_end] of the penis becomes the corpus spongiosum muscle

The root of the penis consists of three structures: The two [blank_start]crura[blank_end] laterally to the [blank_start]bulb[blank_end] centrally

Which nerve innervates the erector muscles in males? Be specific [blank_start]Internal pudendal[blank_end] nerve

In which perineal pouch of the female are the Bartholins glands found?

Which of the 3 levator ani muscles controls faecal continence? The [blank_start]Puborectalis[blank_end] muscle

Uterine prolapse can be surgically managed by suturing the uterus to which ligaments bilaterally? The [blank_start]Sacrospinous[blank_end] ligaments