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UNIT 1

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Quiz on UNIT 1 , created by maisy r on 04/02/2019.
maisy r
Quiz by maisy r, updated more than 1 year ago
maisy r
Created by maisy r about 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
"When the temperature of an object increases, the total power it radiates per square meter (it's energy flux) increases very rapidly (it grows exponentially)". This statement best describes...
Answer
  • the Doppler Effect
  • the First Law of Thermodynamics
  • Wien's Law
  • Kirchoff's Law
  • Stefan-Boltzmann's Law

Question 2

Question
According to Wein's law, the higher the surface temperature of a star, the shorter the wavelength of its peak emitted EM radiation will be.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 3

Question
Consider the following scenario: You are sitting on an anchored (stationary) fishing boat on a windy day. Watching the waves you notice they appear identical. You count 6 wave crests pass your anchor rope in exactly 24 seconds. What is the period of the waves?
Answer
  • 144 seconds
  • 0.25 seconds
  • 0.25 Hz
  • 4 seconds

Question 4

Question
Let's say that a particular emission line of helium is originally emitted with an original wavelength of 505.5 nm from a star traveling quickly across our galaxy. Using a research telescope with an attached spectrometer, we observe and measure the wavelength of this emission line coming from the star to be 506.1 nm. Based on these numbers, how fast is this star moving toward or away from us here on Earth? (see example of this type of question in lecture slides or in textbook)
Answer
  • moving towards us at 119 km/s
  • moving towards us at 356 km/s
  • moving away from us at 356 km/s
  • moving away from us at 119 km/s.
  • moving away from us at 422 km/s

Question 5

Question
Suppose you see two stars: a blue star and a red star. Which of the following can you conclude about the two stars? Assume that no Doppler shifts are involved. (Hint: Look in the lecture slides (Part 2): Radiation Laws for a good explanation.)
Answer
  • The blue star has a hotter surface temperature than the red star
  • The blue star is farther away than the red star.
  • The red star is farther away than the blue star.
  • The red star has a hotter surface temperature than the blue star.
  • The red star is more massive than the blue star.

Question 6

Question
When astronomers take the visible light coming from the Sun and spread it out using a prism or spectral grating, the observed spectrum is
Answer
  • a continuum with absorption lines.
  • only emission lines on a black background.
  • a continuum with emission lines.
  • a continuum with no lines, as shown by the rainbow.

Question 7

Question
The larger the blue shift of a galaxy's overall spectrum, the faster the distant galaxy is rushing toward us.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
The number of waves that pass a point each second measures
Answer
  • frequency
  • wave period
  • amplitude
  • wavelength

Question 9

Question
The spectral lines of each element are distinctive to that element, whether we are looking at emission or absorption lines.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
Visible light is a type of electromagnetic wave that has been known to us since the beginning of human times. Who was the first person to discover another type of invisible energy wave what would later become known as another type of electromagnetic radiation?
Answer
  • Galileo in 1610 - discovered ultraviolet waves
  • Marie Curie in 1903 - discovered gamma rays
  • William Herschel in 1800 - discovered infrared waves
  • James Clerk Maxwell in 1867 -discovered radio waves
  • Claudius Ptolemy in 142 A.D. - discovered x-rays

Question 11

Question
Which of the following is NOT one of Kirchoff's laws?
Answer
  • A low-density, hot gas emits an emission spectrum
  • A luminous solid, liquid or dense gas emits a continuous spectrum
  • A low-density, cool gas absorbs photons from a continuous source, creating an absorption spectrum
  • A low-density, cool gas in isolation creates a continuous spectrum.

Question 12

Question
Consider this diagram. Which statement is true?
Image:
F1q4g1 (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • The amplitude is 6 and the wavelength is 8.
  • The amplitude is 4 and the wavelength is 6.
  • The amplitude is 8 and the wavelength is 12.
  • The amplitude is 6 and the wavelength is 4.
  • The amplitude is 4 and the wavelength is 12.

Question 13

Question
Different photons of visible light can contain different quantities of energy, depending on their frequency (colour).
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
If a wave's wavelength is shortened by half and yet its speed is kept constant, the wave's frequency
Answer
  • will now become16× higher than it was before.
  • will now be 4× higher than before.
  • will now be half of what it was before.
  • will be unchanged, because c is constant
  • will now be double what it was as before.

Question 15

Question
In Bohr's model of the atom, electrons
Answer
  • only make transitions between orbits of specific energies.
  • can be halfway between orbits.
  • are spread uniformly through a large, positive mass.
  • move from one orbit to the next orbit in many small steps.

Question 16

Question
In the vacuum of space, one of the following properties is the same for all types of electromagnetic waves. Which is it?
Answer
  • they all travel with the same frequency
  • they travel with the same speed
  • they all travel with the same photon energy
  • they all travel with the same amplitude

Question 17

Question
In trying to visualize the size of specific forms of electromagnetic waves, it can be said that infrared waves have wavelengths comparable in size to a(n)...
Answer
  • human
  • finger nail
  • microscopic virus
  • dust particle
  • atomic nucleus

Question 18

Question
Of all the forms of electromagnetic waves that attempt to penetrate earth's atmosphere, the two forms that experience the least atmospheric opacity (pass through to the surface most effectively) are:
Answer
  • ultraviolet rays and infrared waves
  • infrared waves and radio waves.
  • X-rays and gamma rays.
  • visible light and radio waves.
  • visible light and infrared waves.

Question 19

Question
Regarding electromagnetic radiation, what was William Wollaston's most important contribution?
Answer
  • He discovered that different wavelengths (colours) of light refracted by different amounts when they passed into a different optically transparent medium.
  • He correctly predicted the discovery of x-rays in 1843.
  • He discovered that the hotter an object is, the higher the frequency of the wavelengths it most intensely emits.
  • He developed an improved spectrometer for analysing visible spectra

Question 20

Question
Rutherford's experiment with alpha particle scattering by gold foil established that...
Answer
  • atoms are composed of protons, neutrons and electrons
  • electrons have a negative charge
  • proton has 1840 times the mass of an electron
  • protons are not evenly distributed throughout an atom electrons have a positive charge
  • electrons have a positive charge

Question 21

Question
Scientists point to observations of the phenomena of diffraction and interference to support the idea that...
Answer
  • electromagnetic waves are fundamentally different in nature than water waves and sound waves which are mechanical in nature.
  • all electromagnetic radiation can be thought of as a type of wave
  • all electromagnetic radiation can be thought of as either a particle or a wave, depending on the situation being considered
  • all electromagnetic radiation is a form of particle

Question 22

Question
The range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation that the human eye is able to detect is from about _________ to about _________.
Answer
  • 400 nm; 700 nm
  • 600 nm; 1200nm
  • 550 nm; 660 nm
  • 880 nm; 2000 nm
  • 210 nm; 380 nm

Question 23

Question
What is the name of the temperature scale that places zero at the point where all atomic and molecular motion ceases?
Answer
  • Fahrenheit
  • Kelvin
  • Centigrade
  • Celsius
  • Ransom

Question 24

Question
Which of the following is true for any object that can be thought of as a "blackbody"?
Answer
  • Its energy is not a continuum.
  • Its energy peaks at the wavelength determined by its temperature.
  • If its temperature doubled, the peak in its radiation curve would be doubled in wavelength.
  • It has a complete absence of thermal energy
  • It appears black to us, regardless of its temperature.

Question 25

Question
Which of the following places the types of electromagnetic waves listed in the correct order from shortest wavelength -->to--> longest wavelength?
Answer
  • infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, microwave, x-ray
  • microwave, infrared, ultraviolet, gamma-ray, x-ray
  • ultraviolet, microwave, visible light, infrared, radio
  • gamma-ray, x-ray, ultraviolet, visible light, radio wave
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