Quiz
Chapter 12- Flaviviridae
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Questions in this quiz (128)
1The Kozak consensus sequence is a [blank_start]purine[blank_end] at -3, and a [blank_start]guanine[blank_end] at +4, with an AUG sequence at +1.
- Apurine
- Bguanine
2The [blank_start]40S[blank_end] ribosomal component scans 5' to 3' looking for AUG with a Kozak sequence
- A40S
3There are multiple coding regions in eukaryotic messages.
- ATrue
- BFalse
4Viruses can have polycistronic genomes, making it hard to encode for multiple proteins
- ATrue
- BFalse
5[blank_start]subgenomic[blank_end] mRNAs are smaller virus genome-derived mRNAs.
- Asubgenomic
6When you have a polycistronic viral genome, only the [blank_start]first[blank_end] open reading frame of the genome is going to be translated efficiently
- Afirst
7The 3' end of the viral genome and subgenomic mRNA are [blank_start]coterminal[blank_end]
- Acoterminal
8The subgenomic mRNA is only going to be found during infections.
- ATrue
- BFalse
9The subgenomic mRNA is going to be made only until the viral genome is [blank_start]released[blank_end]
- Areleased
10The 5' end of the sg mRNAs is located internally relative to the genome in the case of [blank_start]togaviruses[blank_end]
- Atogaviruses
11The 5' end of the sg mRNA is located coterminally with the 5' end of the viral genome in the case of [blank_start]coronavirus[blank_end].
- Acoronavirus
12The 5' ORF is repositioned to the 3' end of in the sg mRNA
- ATrue
- BFalse
13The 3' ORF is repositioned to the 5' end of in the sg mRNA.
- ATrue
- BFalse
146 ways to solve the problem of multiple ORFs:
1.) [blank_start]sg mRNAs[blank_end]
2.) [blank_start]segmented genome[blank_end]
3.) [blank_start]polyprotein[blank_end]
4.) [blank_start]readthrough protein[blank_end]
5.) [blank_start]translational frameshift[blank_end]
6.) [blank_start]leaking scanning[blank_end]- Asg mRNAs
- Bsegmented genome
- Cpolyprotein
- Dreadthrough protein
- Etranslational frameshift
- Fleaking scanning
15In segmented genomes, each segment can serve as a [blank_start]mono[blank_end]cistronic mRNA.
- Amono
16Segmented genomes are only found in + strand RNA genomes
- ATrue
- BFalse
17Multipartite viruses have to include all the viral particles to infect a host in order to ensure no segments are not present. Multipartite viruses are only found in [blank_start]plant[blank_end] viruses.
- Aplant
18An example of a SEGMENTED virus (not a multipartite) is [blank_start]influenza[blank_end] virus
- Ainfluenza
19Examples of viruses that encode polyproteins are:
1.) [blank_start]flavivirus[blank_end]
2.) [blank_start]coronavirus[blank_end]
3.) [blank_start]retrovirus[blank_end]
4.) [blank_start]togavirus[blank_end]- Aflavivirus
- Bcoronavirus
- Cretrovirus
- Dtogavirus
20A polyprotein is encoded by multiple ORFs
- ATrue
- BFalse
21A polyprotein is encoded by a single ORF.
- ATrue
- BFalse
22A polyprotein is [blank_start]co[blank_end] and or [blank_start]post[blank_end]-translationally processed
- Aco
- Bpost
23The polyprotein processing is carried out by [blank_start]viral[blank_end] and/or [blank_start]host[blank_end] proteases
- Aviral
- Bhost
24The polyprotein processing is carried out by viral and/or host [blank_start]proteases[blank_end]
- Aproteases
25Viral proteases can cleave:
1.) [blank_start]in cis[blank_end]
and/or
2.) [blank_start]in trans[blank_end]- Ain cis
- Bin trans
26Larger intermediates of mature proteins in a polyprotein are not functional until they reach their final form
- ATrue
- BFalse
27The viral protease can still cut while it is in the polyprotein, which is an example of [blank_start]cis[blank_end] cleavage.
- Acis
28When the protease is no longer part of the polypeptide it's cutting, it is referred to as a [blank_start]trans[blank_end] cleavage
- Atrans
29Read through proteins occur when 2 proteins share the same [blank_start]AUG[blank_end].
- AAUG
30Readthrough proteins are produced by suppression of ORF1's [blank_start]termination[blank_end] codon
- Atermination
31Suppression of ORF1's termination codon occurs when instead, suppressor tRNAs such as [blank_start]Tyr (Y)[blank_end] inserts a [blank_start]tyrosine[blank_end], causing translation to continue on.
- ATyr (Y)
- Btyrosine
32Both the readthrough protein and pre readthrough protein are going to start at the same start codon N terminus
- ATrue
- BFalse
33All stop codons are leaky, producing a high volume of readthrough proteins.
- ATrue
- BFalse
34The pre through protein is present in the readthrough protein at the [blank_start]N[blank_end] terminus and is covalently linked.
- AN
35The pre read through protein present in the N terminus of the readthrough protein is going to carry out the same function as it being alone.
- ATrue
- BFalse
36Readthrough proteins contain ORF1 protein as its N terminus.
- ATrue
- BFalse
37Examples of viruses that use readthrough proteins when dealing with multiple ORFs are:
1.) [blank_start]togaviruses[blank_end]
2.) [blank_start]gammaretroviruses[blank_end]- Atogaviruses
- Bgammaretroviruses
38In translational frameshift, the first ORF is in the [blank_start]0[blank_end] reading frame, and the second is in the [blank_start]-1[blank_end] reading frame
- A0
- B-1
39In frameshifting, after the ribosome produces the first ORF, it binds to a release factor
- ATrue
- BFalse
40In frameshifting, after the ribosome produces the first ORF, it does not bind to a release factor but instead, the ribosome moves back one nucleotide towards the 5' end
- ATrue
- BFalse
41The frameshift protein is similar to that of readthrough proteins in that:
1.) proteins share the same [blank_start]AUG[blank_end]
2.) frameshift protein has [blank_start]similar[blank_end] general structure
3.) process involves [blank_start]RNA[blank_end] sequences/structures.- AAUG
- Bsimilar
- CRNA
42The frameshift proteins are unique from readthrough proteins in that:
1.) frameshifting occurs between [blank_start]overlapping[blank_end] ORFs
2.) ORFs are in [blank_start]different[blank_end] reading frames
3.) ribosome backs up [blank_start]1 nt[blank_end] on mRNA (to shift to -1 frame)- Aoverlapping
- Bdifferent
- C1 nt
43The readthrough protein and frameshift protein both contain [blank_start]C[blank_end] terminal extensions
- AC
44Examples of viruses that perform translational frameshift are:
1.) [blank_start]HIV[blank_end]
2.) [blank_start]Coronavirus[blank_end]- AHIV
- BCoronavirus
45Leaky scanning, like translational frameshifts, involve [blank_start]overlapping[blank_end] ORFs.
- Aoverlapping
46Leaky scanning involves the translation of 3' ORF scanning past the 5' ORF's [blank_start]AUG[blank_end].
- AAUG
47the translation of 3' ORF, due to the scanning past the 5' ORF's AUG requirest hat the 5' ORF's AUG is in a relatively [blank_start]weak[blank_end] Kozak context.
- Aweak
48Leaky scanning can be found in [blank_start]HIV[blank_end] (e.g. Vpu & Env proteins).
- AHIV
49Examples of viruses that use Internal Ribosome Entry Sites are:
1.) [blank_start]Pestivirus[blank_end]
2.) [blank_start]Hepacivirus[blank_end]
3.) [blank_start]Picornavirus[blank_end]- APestivirus
- BHepacivirus
- CPicornavirus
50Ian Stongberg @ McGill Uni discovered IRES, as well as the eIF-4G protein
- ATrue
- BFalse
51In viruses that lack a 5' CAP, they instead recruit ribosomes via an [blank_start]IRES[blank_end] site
- AIRES
52An IRES site is a secondary RNA structure
- ATrue
- BFalse
53The IRES is present in the [blank_start]UTR[blank_end] of a message that you want to be translated
- AUTR
54you could find IRESs in our own mRNA
- ATrue
- BFalse
55The IRES recruits ribosome [blank_start]internally[blank_end], and no scanning occurs
- Ainternally
56Select all the flaviviridae genuses that use mosquitos as an arthropod vector
- AYellow Fever
- BHepaptitis C
- CBovine Viral Diarrhea
- DWest Nile
- EDegune (types 1-4)
57Select any that are flaviviruses.
- AYellow Fever
- BHepaititis C
- CBovine Viral Diarrhea
- DWest Nile
- EDengue (Types 1-4)
58Which flavivirus uses birds as a host to infect?
- AYellow Fever
- BDengue (types 1-4)
- CWest Nile
59Select the flaviviruses that cause hemorrhagic fevers.
- AYellow Fever
- BDengue (types 1-4)
- CWest Nile
60Select the flaviviruses that cause arthralgia.
- AYellow Fever
- BDengue (Types 1-4)
- CWest Nile
61_______ is controlled via vaccination (live attenuated = 1930s, Theiler).
- AYellow Fever Virus
- BDengue (Type 1-4)
- CWest Nile
- DBovine Viral Diarrhea
- EHepitisis C
62______ is more prevalent in tropical areas.
- ADengue (Type 1-4)
- BYellow Fever Virus
- CWest Nile Virus
- DBovine Viral Diaherra
63________ is in South America and is moving up due to using birds as infecting a host.
- AYellow Fever Virus
- BDengue (Type 1-4)
- CWest Nile
64[blank_start]Finlay[blank_end] and [blank_start]Reed[blank_end] demonstrated that it was the mosquitos that responsible for transmitting.
- AFinlay
- BReed
65Flaviviruses, can replicate in both humans AND insects.
- ATrue
- BFalse
66The genus of Bovine Viral Diarrhea is [blank_start]pestivirus[blank_end]
- Apestivirus
67The host of bovine viral diarrhea is [blank_start]ruminants[blank_end].
- Aruminants
68Common symptoms of bovine viral diarrhea include:
- APersistent Infection
- BHemorrhagic Fever
- CArthralgia
- DMucosal Disease
- EAcute and Chronic Hemorrhagic Symptoms
- FAbortion in cows, sheeps and goats
- GSwelling around lips
- HEncephalitits
69West Nile infects monkeys
- ATrue
- BFalse
70YFV and Dengue infect monkey and human hosts.
- ATrue
- BFalse
71Hepavivirus infects [blank_start]humans[blank_end] only
- Ahumans
72Hepatitis C is transmitted through:
1. [blank_start]needles[blank_end]
2. [blank_start]sex[blank_end]
3. [blank_start]blood[blank_end]- Aneedles
- Bsex
- Cblood
73[blank_start]Hepaivirus[blank_end] is the newest virus group of flaviridae, discovered approximately in 19[blank_start]89[blank_end]
- AHepaivirus
- B89
74hepaivirus is transmitted via mosquitos.
- ATrue
- BFalse
75Hepaivirus may infect the liver and pose as a risk factor for cancer. 2.5% of people are infected by this virus.
- ATrue
- BFalse
76We are currently working on a vaccine for Hepaivirus C.
- ATrue
- BFalse
77West nile virus has been in north america since [blank_start]1999[blank_end].
- A1999
78The YFV symptoms progress in [blank_start]3[blank_end] stages:
1.) high [blank_start]fever[blank_end], muscle [blank_start]pain[blank_end], headaches, severe [blank_start]vomiting[blank_end] ([blank_start]3-4[blank_end] days)
2.) "[blank_start]latent[blank_end]" stage - fever dissipates, "seems" in remission. most people [blank_start]recover[blank_end] -OR-
3.) repeat of original symptoms - but [blank_start]MORE[blank_end] severe. multi-[blank_start]organ[blank_end] failure and [blank_start]mortality[blank_end] rate of 20-50%.- A3
- B3-4
- Cfever
- Dpain
- Evomiting
- Flatent
- Grecover
- HMORE
- Iorgan
- Jmortality
79Yellow Fever Virus termed due to acute hepatitis in many patients.
- ATrue
- BFalse
80 The repeat of original symptoms of TFV is related to our own immune system. Multi organ failure occurs b/c immune system is hyper reacting and your body is attacking itself
- ATrue
- BFalse
81This virus infects and replicates in the [blank_start]liver[blank_end] that leads to acute hepatitis and [blank_start]JUNGUS[blank_end] -> in which you begin to turn yellow.
- AJUNGUS
- Bliver
82Virion Structure of YFV:
1.) envelope Y or N: [blank_start]Y[blank_end]
2.) Shape of capsid: [blank_start]icosahedral[blank_end]
3.) T [blank_start]=[blank_end]
4.) how many capsid protein(s): [blank_start]1[blank_end]
5.) how many envelope proteins: [blank_start]2[blank_end]- AY
- Bicosahedral
- C3
- D1
- E2
83The 2 envelope proteins found in YFV is [blank_start]E[blank_end] and [blank_start]M[blank_end].
Where [blank_start]E[blank_end] is the MAIN envelope protein involved in receptor binding and fusion.
Where [blank_start]M[blank_end] is more of a regulatory protein.- AE
- BM
- CE
- DM
84Genome Structure of YFV:
linear or circular? [blank_start]linear[blank_end]
mRNA or DNA? [blank_start]mRNA[blank_end]
+ or - strand? [blank_start]+[blank_end]
ss or ds? [blank_start]ss[blank_end]
size? [blank_start]11[blank_end] kB
5' cap structure (Y or N) [blank_start]Y[blank_end]
poly(A) tail (Y or N) [blank_start]N[blank_end]- Alinear
- BmRNA
- C+
- Dss
- E11
- FY
- GN
85Pestivirus and hepacivirus have no 5' cap but a IRES instead, and NO poly(A) tail.
- ATrue
- BFalse
86YFV contain 1 ORF which encodes for 1 polyprotein which produced [blank_start]10[blank_end] mature proteins divided into [blank_start]structural[blank_end] proteins at the 5' terminal of the polyprotein, and [blank_start]non-structural[blank_end] proteins at the 3' end of the polyprotein.
- A10
- Bstructural
- Cnon-structural
87Select all the proteins that are structural.
- AanchC
- BC
- CprM
- DM
- EE
88_______ is an anchored capsid protein. Precursor to capsid protein; signal sequence inserted in membrane is cleaved by viral proteinase.
- AanchC
- BC
- CprM
- DM
- EE
89______ is a small envelope glycoprotein. function in the mature virion is unknown.
- AanchC
- BC
- CprM
- DM
- EE
90_____ helps with encapsidation of genome RNA.
- AanchC
- BC
- CprM
- DM
- EE
91________ binds to E glycoprotein, inhibits membrane fusion during transit through Golgi. Cleaved to produce mature M protein, releasing pr.
- AanchC
- BC
- CprM
- DM
- EE
92______ is the major envelope glycoprotein. receptor binding, fusion of virus envelope with cell membrane.
- AanchC
- BC
- CprM
- DM
- EE
93label the follow image.
- AN terminus
- BC
- CAncC
- DM
- EprM
- FE
- GNS1
- HC terminus
- Icytoplasm
- JER lumen
- Kviral protease
- Lcellular signl peptidase
- Mcellular furin protease
94Viral Protease:
[blank_start]NSE[blank_end] -> catalytic site but doesn’t work well unless with [blank_start]NS2B[blank_end] which is another VIRAL protein. Cuts at black arrow (only one cut). It releases [blank_start]C[blank_end] protein from its anchor. The [blank_start]C[blank_end] is being released into the [blank_start]cytoplasm[blank_end] which is where assembly is going to occur.- ANSE
- BNS2B
- CC
- DC
- Ecytoplasm
95Cellular Signal Peptidase
-[blank_start]Host[blank_end] protease present in the [blank_start]lumen[blank_end] of the ER
-Cuts @ [blank_start]3[blank_end] positions
-The first cut releases the [blank_start]N[blank_end] terminus of [blank_start]prM[blank_end]
-The second cut releases [blank_start]C[blank_end] terminus of [blank_start]prM[blank_end] and the N terminus of [blank_start]E[blank_end].
-the last cut is going to release [blank_start]C[blank_end] terminus of E and N teminus of [blank_start]NS1[blank_end].
-this cut occurs relatively [blank_start]early[blank_end].
- We get free [blank_start]prM[blank_end] to move around in the ER membrane and so is E, so [blank_start]prM[blank_end] and E are now separate proteins in the ER membrane
-pRM is going to bind to [blank_start]E[blank_end] and keep it in structural configuration where it is not able to function or fuse and by doing so, it [blank_start]inhibits[blank_end] fusion in the Gogli. When prM is bound to [blank_start]E[blank_end], [blank_start]E[blank_end] cannot do its normal function anymore.- AHost
- Blumen
- C3
- DprM
- EC
- FN
- GprM
- HE
- IC
- JNS1
- Kearly
- LprM
- MprM
- NE
- Oinhibits
- PE
- QE
96Cellular Furin Protease
-Makes the one [blank_start]Last[blank_end] cut, occuring [blank_start]late[blank_end] in the secretory pathway
-what it does is will cut at the blue arrow and cuts the pre cursor part of [blank_start]M[blank_end] off of M which is going to get rid of the [blank_start]N[blank_end] terminus of prM, referred to as the pr verison, leaving M
-Once the pr portion of prM is cut off, M within the ER membrane still, IS NO LONGER ABLE TO BIND TO [blank_start]E[blank_end]. and E is able to FORM A [blank_start]DIMER[blank_end] = ACTIVE CONFIRMATION.
-An [blank_start]E-E dimer[blank_end] is its active confirmation.- Alate
- BLast
- CM
- DN
- EE
- FDIMER
- GE-E dimer
97M interacts with E to inhibit it.
- ATrue
- BFalse
98The signal peptidase used is viral.
- ATrue
- BFalse
99The furin protease is viral.
- ATrue
- BFalse
100Furin Protease is the enzyme that makes the last cut in the polyprotein.
- ATrue
- BFalse
101E protein is a [blank_start]type-I[blank_end] transmembrane.
- Atype-I
102Dimer to trimer conversion of E protein occurs [blank_start]before[blank_end] fusion.
- Abefore
103Domain [blank_start]III[blank_end] of E protein is the head region.
- AIII
104Dimerization of E protein occurs within domain [blank_start]II[blank_end].
- AII
105Domain [blank_start]III[blank_end] of E protein is responsible for attaching to unknown receptor, whereas domain [blank_start]II[blank_end] is responsible for fusion.
- AIII
- BII
106When the virus is in the extracellular space looking for the cell, the E protein is in the [blank_start]dimer[blank_end] form
- Adimer
107After binding and as the pH changes, the [blank_start]dimer[blank_end] turns into a [blank_start]trimer[blank_end] just before fusion occurs
- Atrimer
- Bdimer
108[blank_start]Dimer[blank_end] is going to be involved in the binding part, [blank_start]trimer[blank_end] is going to be the fusion part
- ADimer
- Btrimer
109fusion of YFV is pH independent
- ATrue
- BFalse
110Select all the non-structural proteins that are part of the RNA replicase component
- ANS1
- BNS2A
- CNS2B
- DNS3
- ENS4A
- FNS4B
- GNS5
111RNA replicase component, possibly involve in replication complex formation.
- ANS1
- BNS2A
- CNS2B
- DNS3
- ENS4A
- FNS4B
- GNS5
112Part of viral proteinase, cofactor of NS3.
- ANS1
- BNS2A
- CNS2B
- DNS3
- ENS4A
- FNS4B
- GNS5
113Viral proteinase, RNA replicase component, helicase activity.
- ANS1
- BNS2A
- CNS2B
- DNS3
- ENS4A
- FNS4B
- GNS5
114[blank_start]NS4B[blank_end] (NON-structural) has an unknown role.
- ANS4B
115[blank_start]NS5[blank_end] is a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and methyltransferase.
- ANS5
116[blank_start]NS3[blank_end] and [blank_start]NS5[blank_end] are examples of multifunctional proteins found in viruses.
- ANS5
- BNS3
117The replicase complex is going to assemble on the [blank_start]outer[blank_end] ER membrane
- Aouter
118yellow fever and dengue viruses causes hemmoragic fevers
- ATrue
- BFalse
119finlay and reed
- Adiscovered anthropod vector
- BYFV vaccination
120theiler
- Adiscovered anthropod virus vector
- BYFV vaccination
121select the viruses that perform translational frameshift
- AHIV
- Bcoronavirus
- Cflavivirus
- Dgammaretroviruses
- Etogaviruses
122what are the three things that make translational frameshift proteins similar to readthrough proteins?
1.) [blank_start]share the same AUG[blank_end]
2.) [blank_start]structurally similar[blank_end]
3.) [blank_start]use mRNA[blank_end]- Ashare the same AUG
- Bstructurally similar
- Cuse mRNA
123what are the three things that make translational frameshift proteins different from readthrough proteins?
1.) [blank_start]use overlapping ORF[blank_end]
2.) [blank_start]ORFs are in different reading frames[blank_end]
3.) ribosome [blank_start]backs up 1 nt (to get to -1 frame)[blank_end]- Ause overlapping ORF
- BORFs are in different reading frames
- Cbacks up 1 nt (to get to -1 frame)
124leaky scanning involves overlapping ORFs.
- ATrue
- BFalse
125select the viruses that use IRES in place of a 5' cap
- Aflaviviruses
- Bpestiviruses
- Chepacivirus
- Dpicornavirus
- EHIV
- Fcoronavirus
- Ggammaretrovirus
- Htogavirus
126one thing that all non-structural proteins of YFV is that they are an RNA replicase component.
- ATrue
- BFalse
127flaviviridae enter via endocytosis, despite having an envelope
- ATrue
- BFalse
128progeny genome replication occurs in the nucleus
- ATrue
- BFalse
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- Quiz on Chapter 12- Flaviviridae, created by Nina Butris on 02/03/2019.
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- Nina Butris
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