Exam 2 part 5

1. 1Sponges, the members of the [blank_start]phylum[blank_end] [blank_start]Porifera[blank_end], are a basal [blank_start]Metazoa[blank_end] clade as a sister of the [blank_start]Diploblasts[blank_end]. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through them, consisting of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells
   

   1. Aphylum
   2. BPorifera
   3. CMetazoa
   4. DDiploblasts
2. 2[blank_start]Demosponges[blank_end] are a class that is sponges with a soft body that covers a hard, often massive skeleton made of calcium carbonate, either aragonite or calcite.

   1. ADemosponges
3. 3The [blank_start]calcareous[blank_end] class are the cellular sponges. They are characterized by spicules made out of calcium carbonate in the form of calcite or aragonite.

   1. Acalcareous
4. 4[blank_start]Hexactinellid[blank_end] sponges are sponges with a skeleton made of four- and/or six-pointed siliceous spicules, often referred to as glass sponges

   1. AHexactinellid
5. 5[blank_start]sessile[blank_end] fixed in one place; immobile
   

   1. Asessile
6. 6[blank_start]Filter[blank_end] [blank_start]feeders[blank_end] are a sub-group of suspension feeding animals that feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water

   1. AFilter
   2. Bfeeders
7. 7[blank_start]Spicules[blank_end] a minute sharp-pointed object or structure that is typically present in large numbers, such as a fine particle of ice

   1. ASpicules
8. 8[blank_start]Spongin[blank_end] the horny or fibrous substance found in the skeleton of many sponges

   1. ASpongin
9. 9[blank_start]Pinacocytes[blank_end] are flat cells found on the outermost layer ([blank_start]Pinacoderm[blank_end]) of a sponge (phylum [blank_start]Porifera[blank_end])

   1. APinacocytes
   2. BPinacoderm
   3. CPorifera
10. 10[blank_start]mesohyl[blank_end], formerly known as mesenchyme or as mesoglea, is the gelatinous matrix within a sponge

    1. Amesohyl

11. 11[blank_start]spongocoel[blank_end] is the large, central cavity of sponges

    1. Aspongocoel
12. 12[blank_start]Choanocytes[blank_end] a flagellated cell with a collar of protoplasm at the base of the flagellum, numbers of which line the internal chambers of sponges

    1. AChoanocytes
13. 13[blank_start]Archaeocytes[blank_end] are amoeboid cells found in sponges
    

    1. AArchaeocytes
14. 14[blank_start]Sclerocytes[blank_end] are specialised cells that secrete the mineralized structures in the body wall of some invertebrates

    1. ASclerocytes
15. 15[blank_start]Asconoid[blank_end] sponges have the simplest type of organization. Small and tube shaped, water enters the sponge through dermal pores and flows into the atrium. Choanocyte flagella create the current to expel it through a single osculum.

    1. AAsconoid
16. 16[blank_start]Syconoid[blank_end] type of canal system is the first stage above the asconoid type. It is formed by the out-pushing of the wall of an asconoid sponge at regular intervals into finger-like projections, called radial canals.

    1. ASyconoid
17. 17[blank_start]Leuconoid[blank_end] Sponges. The largest, most complex, and most numerous of sponges

    1. ALeuconoid
18. 18In biology, [blank_start]stolons[blank_end], also known as runners, are horizontal connections between organisms

    1. Astolons
19. 19[blank_start]Osculum[blank_end] a large aperture in a sponge through which water is expelled.

    1. AOsculum
20. 20[blank_start]Ostia[blank_end] any of the pores in sponges through which water enters the body

    1. AOstia
21. 21[blank_start]Radial[blank_end] canal one of the numerous minute canals lined with choanocytes which radiate from the paragastric cavity in some sponges and end just below the surface of the sponge
    

    1. ARadial
22. 22[blank_start]incurrent[blank_end] pores in a sponge are pores through which the water flows from the [blank_start]incurrent[blank_end] canals to the radial canals

    1. Aincurrent
    2. Bincurrent
23. 23[blank_start]Prosopyle[blank_end] a pore through which water is drawn from the outside into one of the saclike chambers formed by the evagination of the body wall
    

    1. AProsopyle
24. 24[blank_start]apopyle[blank_end] A pore through which water passes out of a radial canal or flagellated chamber of a sponge

    1. Aapopyle

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Quiz on Exam 2 part 5, created by Chavon Rodgers on 16/10/2019.

Author

Chavon Rodgers

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