Chapter 04: Clinical Reasoning

1. 1After the subjective and objective data have been prioritized, the next step is to:

   1. Aorder laboratory tests.
   2. Bformulate a problem list.
   3. Cestablish the diagnosis.
   4. Dinitiate therapy.
   5. Einitiate appropriate consultations.
2. 2New symptoms or findings of unknown etiology are:

   1. Aproblems to be noted on the problem list.
   2. Bdeferred for subsequent visits.
   3. Cdiagnosed before physical examination.
   4. Dreserved for specialists.
   5. Eusually “red herrings.”
3. 3Which of the following is an accepted method of making a diagnosis?

   1. AAlways unifying your findings into one diagnosis
   2. BMaking maximal use of laboratory tests
   3. CUsing first assumptions
   4. DUsing algorithms
   5. ERelying on intuition
4. 4Medical decision making requires a balance between:

   1. Aspeculation and feelings.
   2. Bopinions and beliefs.
   3. Cknowledge and superstition.
   4. DMechanism and probability.
   5. Etrust and suspicion.
5. 5When evaluating results of laboratory tests, a test that is highly sensitive implies that the test:

   1. Asuggests that a disease is present when it actually is not.
   2. Bwill not have any false-positive results.
   3. Csuggests that a disease is absent when it is absent.
   4. Dis able to correctly identify for the disease being tested.
   5. Eis able to confirm a diagnosis even when the disease is not present.
6. 6 A specific test is one that has the ability to:

   1. Acorrectly identify those who have the disease.
   2. Bcorrectly identify those who do not have the disease.
   3. Cbe exclusively used to make a diagnosis.
   4. Dsuggest the presence of a disease that is not present.
   5. Eexclude competing explanations for another test finding.
7. 7The proportion of persons with an observation characteristic of a disease that have the disease is known as _____ value.

   1. Asensitivity positive specific
   2. Bnegative specific
   3. Cpositive predictive
   4. Dnegative predictive
   5. Etrue negative
8. 8Which of the following is not a component of a management plan?

   1. APresumptive diagnosis
   2. BSubspecialty consultation
   3. CDiet modification
   4. DFollow-up visit
   5. EPatient education
9. 9When determining priorities for planned actions, the practitioner should:

   1. Aaddress problems in the order of their chronologic development.
   2. Bconsider whether the patient is concerned about a particular problem before
      addressing it.
   3. Cignore the patient’s social and economic circumstances.
   4. Daddress the most urgent problem first.
   5. Enever consider if the cost of care will impact other areas of the patient’s life.
10. 10Bits of information that are distracting and draw your thinking away from central issues are referred to as:

    1. ABayes theorem.
    2. Btrue negatives.
    3. Cmechanism and probability
    4. Dred herrings.
    5. Efalse negatives.

11. 11In issues surrounding ethical decision making, beneficence refers to the:

    1. Aappropriate use of medical resources.
    2. Bcare provider acting as a father or mother figure.
    3. Ccare provider knowing what is best for the patient.
    4. Dneed to avoid harming the patient.
    5. Eneed to do good for the patient.
12. 12The term denoting the caregiver’s need to do no harm to the patient is:

    1. Aautonomy.
    2. Bdeontologic imperative.
    3. Cnonmaleficence.
    4. Dutilitarianism.
    5. Ebeneficence
13. 13Which of the following is initially appropriate in the management of a patient’s diagnosed problem?

    1. AInform the patient of the treatment plan.
    2. BGive the patient detailed written instructions regarding the treatment plan.
    3. CInform the patient that the plan has been tailored to his needs.
    4. DInform the patient of treatment options and possible results.
    5. ELead the patient to an understanding that you know the best treatment option.

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Ball: Seidel’s Guide to Physical Examination, 9th Edition Quiz on Chapter 04: Clinical Reasoning, created by Sugi Williams on 21/01/2020.

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Sugi Williams

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