Quiz
Autonomic Nervous System
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Questions in this quiz (23)
1In pure autonomic failure, neuronal loss is confined to:
- Apigmented brain stem nuclei
- Bthe sympathetic ganglia
- Cspinal intermediolateral column
2Which diseases are associated with primary autonomic failures?
- AMulti-system atrophy (MSA)
- BParkinson's disease
- CPeripheral neuropathy
- DAlcoholism
- EDiabetes
3The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems mainly act as antagonists to each other with the exception of one area. What is it?
- ARegulation of glucose release from the liver
- BRegulation of urination in the bladder
- CRegulation of pupil size
- DRegulation of blood flow to the sex organs
4(Skeletal muscles) One motor neuron innervates one fiber (motor unit).
- ATrue
- BFalse
5Each skeletal muscle fiber is innervated only by a single motor neuron.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6(Smooth muscle) Each smooth muscle in general is innervated by either the SNS or the PNS motor neurons.
- ATrue
- BFalse
7What are the properties of the sympathetic motor pathway?
- ADi-synaptic: preganglionic (PreG) motor neurons and postganglionic (PostG) motor neurons
- BPreG axons: unmyelinated and very small in diameter
- CPreG axons use Ach as neurotransmitter acting mainly on nicotinic receptors in PostG.
- DPreG axons are generally longer than PreG axons
- EHighly divergent from on PreG to 100-200 PostG to affect the visceral organs widespread in the body
8Which is true about postganglionic neurons?
- Alocated in the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia
- Blocated in the lateral horn at spinal T1-L2 levels on either side
- Ctheir projections are widespread to the body to bring out a sympathy of action
- Dless abundant than preganglionic neurons
- Einnervates the adrenal medulla to release epinephrine for even more widespread and sympathy of action
- Fprovide sole innervation to vascular and pilorium smooth muscles, as well as sweat glands in the body wall and limbs (they do not receive PNS innervation)
9What are the exceptions to the general design of the sympathetic motor system?
- AThe symp PostG neurons projecting to body sweat glands (to increase sweat) are cholinergic, acting on muscarinic cholinergic receptors
- BThe Symp PreG neurons innervate directly the adrenal medulla (using ACh acting on nAChRs).
- CMany sympathetic postG terminals containing norepinephrine also use ATP, NPY peptide, or VIP peptide as co-transmitters.
10Why isn't it odd that preganglionic sympathetic motor neurons project directly to the adrenal medulla?
- ACells in the adrenal medulla originate from the neural crest
- BThe adrenal medulla is considered a gigantic sympathetic ganglion
- CActually, it is odd that preganglionic sympathetic motor neurons do this. I thought postganglionic sympathetic motor neurons projected to the adrenal medulla!
11What is the difference between sympathetic postG and psymp postG?
- ASympathetic postG ---> target: NE/alpha or beta
- BParasympathetic postG ---> target: Ach/muscarinic
- CThere is no difference between a sympathetic postG and a parasympathetic postG
12Which of the following are true of somatic motor neurons?
- ATarget skeletal muscle
- BHave one neuron in the efferent pathway
- CUse Ach as a neurotransmitter and nicotinic receptors are target synapses
- DCan be excitatory or inhibitory
- EControl the movement of visceral organs, secretion and control of metabolism
13Which are true of autonomic motor neurons?
- ANeurotransmitters are released from varicosities
- BCan have either an excitatory or inhibitory effect on their target tissue; muscle either contract or relaxes
- CControl movement and posture
- DHave two neurons in the efferent pathway
14Volume transmission (transmitters are released to the local area and diffuse to the targets nearby) is associated with which motor system?
- ASomatic motor
- BAutonomic motor
- CBoth
- DNeither
15A PA student is reviewing the ANs. She knows that the SNS arises from the ____ and is mainly involved in _______ function.
- ABrainstem; fight and flight
- BBrainstem; rest and digest
- CSacral level of spinal cord; fight and flight
- DSacral level of spinal cord; rest and digest
- EThoracolumbar level of spinal cord; fight and flight
- FThoracolumbar level of spinal cord; rest and digest
16A PA student is reviewing the ANS. She knows that the PNS arises from ______ and is mainly involved in ________ function.
- ABrainstem; fight and flight
- BBrainstem; rest and digest
- CSacral level of spinal cord; fight and flight
- DSacral level of spinal cord; rest and digest
- EThoracolumbar level of spinal cord; fight and flight
- FThoracolumbar level of spinal cord; rest and digest
17A pharmaceutical company is developing a new drug to treat hypertension. Which type of action may this drug involve?
- ABlocking a dopamine receptors
- BBlocking serotonin receptors
- CBlocking GAGA receptors
- DBlocking norepinephrine receptors
- EBlocking cholinergic receptors
18A soldier returned from a military operation, showing signs of posttraumatic stress disorder. He says that he starts to sweat and have goosebumps at the sight of guns in movies or TV dramas. This effect is most likely mediated by
- APostganglionic sympathetic cholinergic fibers
- BPostganglionic sympathetic adrenergic fibers
- CPostganglionic parasympathetic cholinergic fibers
- DPostganglionic parasympathetic adrenergic fibers
- EPreganglionic parasympathetic cholinergic fibers
19A 29-year-old man got involved in a car accident and has damage to S1-S3 spinal segments. He is most likely to have:
- Aincreases in heartbeat
- Bdecreases in heartbeat
- Cincreases in urinary retention
- Ddecreases in urinary retention
20A 29-year-old woman is experiencing signs and symptoms of autonomic dysfunction. To determine whether this patient has an intact sympathetic innervation, a small skin sample is surgically removed and prepared for immunostaining. Antibodies to which of the following would be the best choice for this evaluation.
- AAspartate
- BDopamine
- CEpinephrine
- DNeuropeptide Y
- EAcetylcholine
21A 20-year-old man began taking amphetamine for recreation use. This drug caused increases in blood pressure and heart rate. What would be the action of amphetamine?
- AIt decreases the reuptake of norepinephrine into the axon terminals
- BIt decreases the reuptake of acetylcholine into the axon terminals
- CIt decreases the binding of norepinephrine to its receptors
- DIt decreases the binding of acetylcholine to nicotinic receptors
- EIt decreases the binding of acetylcholine in muscarinic receptors
22When a tumor develops in the adrenal medulla (pheochromocytoma), it will lead to
- Aincreases in heart rate
- Bdecreases in pupil size
- Cincreases in urination
- Ddecreases in blood pressure
- Eincreases in GI motility
23A 30-year-old female cooked and ate mushrooms that she picked up in her backyard. Within 30 minutes, she experienced nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, urinary urgency, vasodilation, sweating and salivation. Those mushrooms must have contained chemicals that:
- Astimulated the release of epinephrine form the adrenal medulla
- Bblocked nicotinic receptors on autonomic ganglia
- Ccaused excessive activation of muscarinic receptors
- Dblocked muscarinic receptors
Information
- Description
- Dr. Uhnoh Kim (GW)
- Author
- Ijeoma Okeke
- Language
- English
- Views
- 6
- Rating
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