22124395
Description
Flashcards by Evian Chai, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Evian Chai
about 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system, and what are their functions? | 1. Sympathetic 2. Parasympathetic Aid in maintaining homeostasis |
| What is the general order of events in nerve transmission in the Autonomic Nervous System? | 1. Signal sent from PNS to preganglionic neuron 2. Preganglionic neuron synapses at ganglion with postganglionic neuron 3. Postganglionic neuron synpases with neuromuscular junction at effector tissue |
| The preganglionic neuron for the Sym. NS is ... and is ... transmission The postganglionic neuron for the Sym. NS is ... and is ... transmission | Short, cholinergic Long, adrenergic |
| The nerves of the SNS arise from where? | Thoracic/lumbar |
| The preganglionic neuron for the Parasym.NS is ... and is ... transmission The postganglionic neuron for the Parasym. NS is ... and is ... transmission | long, cholinergic Short, cholinergic |
| Nerves of the Parasym. NS arise from? | cranial/sacral |
| What is the role of NANC transmission? | Fine tune signalling |
| Is the muscarinic receptor cholinergic or adrenergic? What neurotransmitter does it receive, and how? Which division of the ANS is it for? | Cholinergic ACh, it is G protein coupled PNS |
| Which muscarinic receptors act on cardiac muscle and lower cAMP, lowering heart rate as a result? | M2 |
| Which muscarinic receptors act on smooth muscle receptors and increase IP3/DAG, increasing contraction as a result? | M3 (eg. bronchoconstriction) |
| Is the nicotinic receptor cholinergic or adrenergic? What neurotransmitter does it receive, and how? Which division of the ANS is it for? | Cholinergic ACh, through muscle/ganglionic receptors that have cation channels, causing depolarisation PNS |
| Which adrenergic receptor is coupled with Gq, and increases IP3/DAG/Ca2+ to increase contraction? | A1 |
| Which adrenergic receptor is coupled with Gi, and blocks adenylyl cyclase to lower noradrenaline activity? | A2 |
| What neurotransmitter is used by adrenergic (SNS) receptors? | Noradrenaline/adrenaline |
| What adrenergic receptor is coupled with Gs and increases cAMP to increase noradrenaline activity? | 3 subtypes of Beta receptor |
| What is the main functional difference between alpha and beta adrenergic receptors? | Alpha receptors are mainly responsible for stimulating effector cells/vasoconstriction Beta receptors are mainly responsible for relaxing effector cells/vasodilaton |
| Where is the ENS, what form of transmission does it do, and what are some functions? | In the GI tract NANC transmission Peristalsis, secretion, fluid transport etc. |
| What treats MI, Hypertension, and heart failure? | B1 Receptor antagonists |
| What treats asthma through bronchodilation? | B2 Receptor agonist OR Muscarinic receptor antagonist |
| How does botox reduce muscle spasm/wrinkles? | It blocks the release of ACh |
| The SNS causes vasoconstriction in the ... and vasodilation in.... | Viscera (internal organs) skeletal muscle |
| Does the PNS or SNS cause bronchoconstriction? | PNS |
| Does the PNS or SNS cause pupil dilation? | SNS |
| The ... relaxes the urethra while the ... relaxes the bladder | PNS SNS |
| Is body temperature regulated by both SNS/PNS? | No, only the SNS |
| Does the SNS impact gastrointestinal secretions? | No, only the PNS increases it (SNS doesnt change it) |
| A | Yes, except for adrenaline in the SNS |
| What usually dominates control of HR? | PNS |
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