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Research Methods

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Quiz on Research Methods, created by Stephanie Walker on 08/04/2015.
Stephanie Walker
Quiz by Stephanie Walker , updated more than 1 year ago
Stephanie Walker
Created by Stephanie Walker about 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is a main effect?
Answer
  • The effect of a dependent variable on an independent variable.
  • The effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable.
  • The effect of one independent variable on a dependent variable depending on the level of another independent variable.

Question 2

Question
What is a one-shot case study?
Answer
  • A pre-experimental design in which a group gets a pretest and a treatment, but no post-test.
  • An experimental design in which a group gets a treatment and a post-test, but no pretest.
  • A pre-experimental design in which a randomly assigned group gets a treatment and a post-test, but no pretest.
  • A pre-experimental design in which a group gets a treatment and a post-test, but no pretest.

Question 3

Question
Why is a pretest post-test control group design ideal?
Answer
  • Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups: control or experimental.
  • A true comparison can be done with a post-test.
  • You can have more than one experimental group.
  • All of the above.

Question 4

Question
What is the coefficient of determination?
Answer
  • A number that signifies the strength in the relationship between two variables.
  • The amount of variance that is accounted for in one variable by the other variable.

Question 5

Question
How do you arrive at the coefficient of determination?
Answer
  • Square the r value.
  • Square the p value.

Question 6

Question
If you ended up with a coefficient of determination of .12, how would you interpret this number?
Answer
  • There is a small positive correlation between the two variables.
  • The dependent variable in your study only accounted for 12% of the variance in your independent variable.
  • The independent variable in your study only accounted for 12% of the variance in your dependent variable.
  • The independent variable in your study accounted for 88% of the variance in your dependent variable.

Question 7

Question
What is the coefficient of alienation?
Answer
  • The unexplained variance.
  • The amount of variance that is accounted for in one variable by the other variable.

Question 8

Question
When would you use a Spearman's correlation?
Answer
  • If one or more of your variables is normally distributed.
  • If one or more of your variables is not normally distributed.

Question 9

Question
What is an extraneous variable?
Answer
  • A variable other than the dependent variable that may influence the independent variable, which decreases internal validity.
  • A variable other than the dependent variable that may influence the independent variable, which increases internal validity.
  • A variable other than the independent variable that may influence the dependent variable, which decreases internal validity.
  • A variable other than the independent variable that may influence the dependent variable, which increases internal validity.

Question 10

Question
How would you control for extraneous variables?
Answer
  • Ignore unimportant variables or factors.
  • Employ three levels of randomization.
  • Match your samples and make sure they are as homogeneous as possible.
  • Run an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to statistically equalize your groups.
  • All of these answers are correct.

Question 11

Question
In a Solomon 4-group design, how many control groups are there?
Answer
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 0

Question 12

Question
In the Solomon 4-group design, how do Control Group 1 and Control Group 3 differ from one another?
Answer
  • Control Group 1 receives a pretest and treatment, but Control Group 3 only receives a pretest.
  • Control Group 1 receives a pretest and treatment, but Control Group 3 only receives the treatment.
  • Control Group 1 receives a pretest but no treatment; Control Group 3 only receives the treatment.
  • Control Group 1 receives a pretest but no treatment; Control Group 3 receives neither.

Question 13

Question
Why is it that the pretest is omitted in Control Groups 2 and 3 in a Solomon 4-group design?
Answer
  • Because the pretest may have an unintended consequence on behavior.
  • Because the pretest is only relevant in the experimental group.

Question 14

Question
What is a cross-sectional study?
Answer
  • A type of non-experimental research that examines several groups of people at one point in time.
  • A type of non-experimental research that examines one group of people at one point in time.
  • A type of non-experimental research that examines several groups of people at more than one point in time.
  • A type of non-experimental research that examines one group of people at more than one point in time.

Question 15

Question
Correlational research is non-experimental.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
Cross-sectional, longitudinal, and follow-up studies are all considered what type of research?
Answer
  • Historical
  • Descriptive
  • Developmental
  • Correlational

Question 17

Question
What is a factorial design?
Answer
  • A design with only one independent variable.
  • A design with more than one independent variable.

Question 18

Question
If your factorial design looked like this - 2 x 2 x 2 - how many main effects would you have?
Answer
  • 8
  • 6
  • 3

Question 19

Question
If your factorial design looked like this - 2 x 2 x 2 - how many interactions would you have?
Answer
  • 3
  • 6
  • 8

Question 20

Question
In factorial designs, only main effects need to be tested for statistical significance by ANOVA.
Answer
  • True
  • False
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