14: Carbohydrates

1. 1[blank_start]___________[blank_end]= 3 carbons
   
   [blank_start]___________[blank_end]= 4 carbons
   
   [blank_start]___________[blank_end]= 5 carbons
   
   [blank_start]___________[blank_end]= 6 carbons

   1. ATrioses
   2. BTetrosis
   3. CPentosis
   4. DHexosis
2. 2Glyceraldehyde has 3 carbons.

   1. ATrue
   2. BFalse
3. 3Classifications of carbohydrate groups are based on the number of [blank_start]_________[blank_end] in the molecule and where the double bonded [blank_start]______[blank_end] is on the chain.

   1. Acarbons
   2. BO
4. 4When the CO functional group is attached to neighboring molecules, it is considered a [blank_start]___________[blank_end].
   
   When the CO functional group is on the end of the molecule, it is considered an [blank_start]__________[blank_end].

   1. AAldehyde; Aldose
   2. BKetose Group; Ketone
   3. CAldehyde; Aldose
   4. DKetose Group; Ketone
5. 5[blank_start]_______________[blank_end] : Simple sugars that cannot be broken down further.
   
   [blank_start]_______________[blank_end]: Formed when the monosaccharides are joined by a glycosidic linkage.
   
   [blank_start]______________[blank_end]: Formed by the chaining of 2 to 10 sugar units.
   
   [blank_start]______________[blank_end]: Formed by the linkage of many monosaccharides (greater than 10).

   1. AMonosaccharide
   2. BDisaccharide
   3. COligosaccharide
   4. DPolysaccharide
6. 6Maltose, sucrose, and lactose are considered what type of carbohydrate?

   1. AMonosaccharide
   2. BPolysaccharide
   3. COligosaccharide
   4. DDisaccharide
7. 7[blank_start]__________________[blank_end]: metabolism of glucose molecule to pyruvate or lactate for production of energy.
   
   [blank_start]___________________[blank_end]; Formation of glucose-6-phosphate from non-carbohydrate sources.
   
   [blank_start]___________________[blank_end]: Conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage.
   
   

   1. AGlucolysis
   2. BGluconeogenesis
   3. CGlycogenesis
8. 8[blank_start]______________[blank_end]: A hypoglycemic agent responsible for glucose entry into the cell
   
   [blank_start]_____________[blank_end]: A hyperglycemic agent responsible for increasing glucose levels.
   
   [blank_start]_____________[blank_end]: Increases plasma glucose by decreasing or inhibiting insulin secretion.
   
   [blank_start]______________[blank_end]: Increases plasma glucose by decreasing the entry of glucose into cells and increasing glycolysis.

   1. AInsulin
   2. BGlucagon
   3. CEpinephrine
   4. DGrowth Hormone
9. 9Hyperglycemia due to pancreatic islet B-cell destruction and the tendency of ketoacidosis. Cellular-mediated autoimmune destruction of B-cells. Causing deficiency of insulin.
   
   Most common in Children

   1. AType I Diabetes
   2. BType II Diabetes Mellitus
10. 10Type I Diabetes is Insulin dependent while Type II is noninsulin-dependent.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse

11. 11Hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance and insulin secretory defect. Most common in adults and obese population. More likely to go into a hyperosmolar coma.

    1. AType I Diabetes
    2. BType II Diabetes Mellitus
12. 12Diagnosic Critera for Diabetes:
    
    HbA1C [blank_start]________[blank_end]
    
    Fasting Plasma Glucose [blank_start]____________[blank_end]
    2h Plasma Glucose [blank_start]____________[blank_end]
    
    Random Plasma Glucose [blank_start]______________[blank_end]
    
    Normal Fasting Glucose [blank_start]______________[blank_end]

    1. A>6.5%
    2. B>or= 126
    3. C>or= 200
    4. D>or=200
    5. E70-99
13. 13Which of the following inhibits glycolysis and glucose uptake by muscle cells and causes a rise in blood glucose concentration?

    1. AParathyroid hormone
    2. BCalcitonin
    3. CGrowth hormone
    4. DGastrin
14. 14The reference method for glucose determination is:

    1. AGlucose Dehydrogenase
    2. BHexokinase
    3. CGlucose oxidase
    4. DCopper-reduction
15. 15The following glucose tolerance test results are indicative of what state? Glucose values as assayed by glucose oxidase method are fasting, 130 mg/dL; 60 minutes, 225 mg/dL; and 120 minutes, 205 mg/dL.
    
    

    1. ANormal
    2. BDiabetes
    3. CAddison's Disease
    4. DHyperinsulinism
16. 16Type 1 diabetes mellitus may be described by all of the following EXCEPT:

    1. AInsulin Dependent
    2. BAssociated with autoimmune destruction of B cells
    3. CInsulinopenia
    4. DAdult-onset type
17. 17The preferred collection tube for the preservation of glucose is:

    1. ACalcium oxalate
    2. BSodium Fluoride
    3. CLithium heparin
    4. DSodium citrate
18. 18A diabetic patient is prescribed a daily regimen of insulin. Which of the following laboratory procedures would be of most value in determining the degree of glucose control over a 2-month period?

    1. AFasting plasma glucose
    2. B2h pp glucose
    3. CGlycated hemoglobin (HbgA1C)
    4. DFructosamine

Description

Clinical Chemistry Quiz on 14: Carbohydrates, created by Ariel Nix on 28/09/2020.

Author

Ariel Nix

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