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Exam 1

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Intro To Disease
ella.hickcox88
Quiz by ella.hickcox88, updated more than 1 year ago
ella.hickcox88
Created by ella.hickcox88 almost 9 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Which of the following have reduced the number of deaths from infectious diseases in the developed world?
Answer
  • water chlorination
  • vaccination
  • antibiotics
  • public health agencies
  • all of the above

Question 2

Question
How do infectious diseases differ from non-infectious diseases?
Answer
  • infectious diseases occur only in the underdeveloped parts of the world
  • infectious diseases are deadlier than non-infectious diseases
  • infectious diseases only occur in certain parts of the world
  • infectious diseases involve bacteria, viruses, and parasites
  • all of the above

Question 3

Question
The leading causes of death from infectious diseases in the underdeveloped parts of the world include
Answer
  • hearth disease
  • diarrheal diseases
  • cancer
  • polio
  • all of the above

Question 4

Question
Bacterial infections are necessary for normal human development and health
Answer
  • true
  • false

Question 5

Question
Bacteria cause disease by
Answer
  • producing toxins
  • digesting host cells
  • producing viruses
  • releasing their nuclei
  • all of the above

Question 6

Question
Which of the following is/are necessary for normal human cell functions
Answer
  • oxygen
  • nutrition
  • elimination of waste products
  • water
  • all of the above

Question 7

Question
Bacterial endotoxins
Answer
  • are all different
  • are secreted by living gram-positive bacteria
  • are parts of the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria
  • rarely cause disease
  • all of the above are true of exotoxins

Question 8

Question
Bacteria are the most abundant living organisms
Answer
  • true
  • false

Question 9

Question
Salmonella bacteria commonly
Answer
  • are commonly transmitted in water or food contaminated with feces
  • cause disease by digesting host cells
  • infect only human beings
  • rarely cause disease
  • none of the above are true of salmonella

Question 10

Question
Bioterrorism, compared to other forms of terrorism, poses a particular threat because
Answer
  • agents of bioterrorism are hard to come by
  • agents of bioterrorism are hard to comeby
  • agents of bioterrorism can be transported anywhere in the world
  • they are easily produced for little cost
  • all of the above reasons

Question 11

Question
Which of the following are true of microorganisms with a potential for bioterrorism
Answer
  • they kill quickly and horribly
  • they are not easily dispersed
  • they are highly controlled
  • they are infectious but not contagious
  • all of the above are true of potential bioterrorist agents

Question 12

Question
Which of the following makes anthrax ideal for bioterrorism
Answer
  • it is a bacterium
  • it forms long-lived easily dispersed spores
  • it is common in cattle
  • it comes in three forms cutaneous, G.I. and inhalation
  • all of the above

Question 13

Question
Plague is most commonly transmitted by fleas
Answer
  • from human to human
  • from birds to humans
  • from pigs to humans
  • from rodent to humans
  • from soil to humans

Question 14

Question
Viral diseases are especially difficult to treat becasue
Answer
  • viral toxins are much like human serum proteins
  • viruses grow inside of host cells and use host cell organelles for DNA replication and protein sythesis
  • viruses are so much like human cells that most antiviral agents also destroy human cells
  • viruses can readily pass through human skin
  • all of the above

Question 15

Question
Viruses may cause disease by
Answer
  • rupturing host cell membranes
  • altering host cell functions
  • depleting host cell nutrients
  • all of the above
  • none of the above

Question 16

Question
The clinical manifestations of viral disease result from
Answer
  • the nature of the virus
  • the cells infected by the virus
  • the immune status of the host
  • the host inflammatory response
  • all of the above may affect the symptoms of viral diseases

Question 17

Question
Viruses may be transmitted by
Answer
  • inhalation
  • injection
  • sexual intercourse
  • insects
  • all of the above

Question 18

Question
Infuenza virus has been referred to as a potential slate wiper because
Answer
  • influenza viruses are more numerous than other viruses
  • influenza pandemics are worse than all other pandemics
  • historical evidence suggests that an influenza pandemic could kill a large portion of the human population
  • influenza pandemics occur rarely
  • influenza is not very contagious

Question 19

Question
Some influenza viruses can infect humans, pigs, and birds equally
Answer
  • true
  • false

Question 20

Question
Influenza viruses cause disease by
Answer
  • production of toxins in the lungs
  • infection of respiratory epithelial cells and inflammation
  • attachment to and digestion of respiratory epithelial cells
  • all of the above
  • none of the above

Question 21

Question
Prions cause disease by
Answer
  • destruction of host cell DNA
  • conversion of host cell molecules into pathogenic forms of the same molecule
  • use of host cell organelles for prion replication
  • conversion of host neuron into infectious agents
  • conversion of host cell membranes into a form more susceptible to infection

Question 22

Question
Prion diseases all share which of the following
Answer
  • they all inflammation
  • they all cause a damage animals' brains
  • they all involve viruses
  • they all involve bacteria
  • all come from sheep

Question 23

Question
Prions cause disease by
Answer
  • altering the shape of host proteins
  • replication in host cells
  • production of endotoxins
  • enzymatic digestion of host cells
  • all of the above

Question 24

Question
Funguses cause disease by
Answer
  • alteration of host proteins
  • replication in host cells
  • production of endotoxins
  • enzymatic digestion of host cells
  • all of the above

Question 25

Question
Ergot alkaloids are examples of mycotoxins, toxins produced by fungi. These toxins cause disease
Answer
  • by inappropriate activation of T cells
  • when contaminated foods are consumed
  • when fungal products interact with bacterial products in the host
  • when fungi die inside a living host
  • by infection and destruction of host cells

Question 26

Question
The most serious fungal infections are
Answer
  • superficial fungal infections
  • cutaneous fungal infections
  • systemic fungal infections
  • opportunistic fungal infections
  • ringworms

Question 27

Question
Parasitic worms may cause disease by
Answer
  • infecting host cells
  • destroying host cells
  • produce of toxins
  • blockage of fluid flow
  • any of the above

Question 28

Question
All of the following are true of malaria, except
Answer
  • it is transmitted by mosquito bites
  • it is caused by a protozoan parasite
  • it is caused by a virus
  • the parasite infects 1/3 or more of the world's population
  • people in equatorial regions of the world are most affected by malaria

Question 29

Question
Which of the following characteristics of the innate inflammatory response distinguishes it from the adaptive immune response
Answer
  • the inflammatory response is mediated by lymphocytes
  • the inflammatory response is non-specific
  • the inflammatory response is dependent on neurons
  • the inflammatory response is mediated by erythrocytes
  • the inflammatory response is only effective against viruses

Question 30

Question
Inflammatory processes are initiated by which mast cell product
Answer
  • interferon
  • tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
  • interleukin 2
  • glutamine
  • histamine

Question 31

Question
The major events in inflammation include which of the following
Answer
  • vasodilation
  • increased vascular permeability
  • release of histamine by mast cells
  • movement of neutrophils from the blood into the inflamed sites
  • all of the above

Question 32

Question
Antibodies are most effective against intracellular bacteria
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 33

Question
All of the cells involved in defense against infections come from
Answer
  • the thymus
  • the lymph nodes
  • the spleen
  • the lymphatics
  • the bone marrow
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