Cell Bio Block Exam 3 Practice

1. 1What describes Cell Membrane

   1. Aselectively permeable to polar solutes
   2. Bcan break & reseal for fusion or fission
   3. Cflexible to allow for growth & movement
   4. Dfacilitates electrical signaling between cells
   5. Edefines boundaries of organelles & separates complex chemical reactions
2. 2all lipid molecules in cell membranes are...

   1. Aamphipathic
   2. Bhydrophilic
   3. Chydrophobic
   4. Dsaturated
   5. Eunsaturated
3. 3cone-shaped amphiphilic molecules form bilayers

   1. ATrue
   2. BFalse
4. 4what makes up more than 1/2 of lipid mass in most membranes?

   1. Aphopholipids
   2. BProteins
   3. Clipids
   4. Dfatty acids
5. 5which is not true about vesicles

   1. Aform naturally during exocytosis
   2. Bform naturally during membrane transport
   3. Cconsisting of liquid enclosed by lipid bilayer
   4. Dare only intracellular
6. 6transversal diffusion happens readily and rapidly.

   1. ATrue
   2. BFalse
7. 7saturated fatty acids

   1. Alead to formation kinks
   2. Btend to form paracrystalline structures
   3. Chave more space between phospholipid tails
   4. Dcontrols both temperature extremes
8. 8collagen fibers are the main protein that makes up connective tissue

   1. ATrue
   2. BFalse
9. 9what is not a function of cell junctions

   1. Abond cells together
   2. Bcontrol paracellular transport
   3. Creduce stress placed upon cells
   4. Dbreak down paracellular barrier of epithelia
   5. Eenable communicaioon between neighboring cells
10. 10there are two types of tissues found in all animals. These are epithelial tissues & collagen tissue

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse

11. 11which shows the junctional complex in the correct order starting with apical location?

    1. ATight junction --> Macuola adherens --> Zonula accledens
    2. BDesmosomes --> Adheren Junction --> Tight junction
    3. CMacuola adherens --> zonula adherens --> zonula accledens
    4. DZonula accledens --> adheren junction --> desmosomes
12. 12what are the 2 main proteins of tight junctions?

    1. Aclaudin
    2. Bcadherins
    3. Coccludin
    4. Dintegrins
    5. Ehemidesmosomes
13. 13all cells contain gap junctions

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
14. 14which of the following lipids is not a main constituent of cell membranes

    1. Asphingolipids
    2. Bglycolipids
    3. Csterols
    4. Dtriacylglycerol
    5. Echolesterol
15. 15Name all the ways that large hydrophilic molecules can pass across a membrane

    1. ABy simple diffusion
    2. BBy facilitated diffusion
    3. CBy osmosis
    4. Dby endo- or exocytosis
    5. Eby active transport via a transporter protein
    6. Fall of these
16. 16which statement is true regarding the differences in lipid composition of cell membranes in prokaryotes compared to eukaryotes

    1. Aprokaryote cell membranes generally contain more lipids
    2. Bprokaryote cell membranes generally contain no sterols
    3. Cprokaryote cell membranes contain different sterols
    4. DProkaryote cell membranes generally contain more sterols
    5. EProkaryote cell membranes contain less sterols
17. 17which of the statements below is not true about the phospholipid bilayer?

    1. Auniversal basis for cell membrane structures
    2. Bmost abundant membrane lipids are phospholipids
    3. Call lipid molecules in cell membrane are amphipathic
    4. Dphospholipids have a hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail
    5. Echolesterol content varies greatly between species
18. 18what is the importance of the saturated and unsaturated bond for the hydrocarbon tail of phospholipids?

    1. Aunsaturated cis-double bonds create the small kink in one of the hydrocarbon tails
    2. Bunsaturated bonds allow the hydrocarbon tail to be longer & more stable
    3. Csaturated bonds create the small kink in one of the hydrocarbon tails
    4. Dunsaturated bonds make the hydrocarbon tail more polar
    5. Esaturated bonds make the hydrocarbon tail more flexible
19. 19which phospholipids are more common in the inner layer of the cell membrane

    1. Asphingosine
    2. Bphosphatidylserine
    3. Cphosphatidylcholine
    4. Dsphingomyelin
20. 20which statement is correct regarding membrane fluidity

    1. Aphospholipids can move within the lipid bilayer
    2. Btransversal diffusion of phospholipids does not happen
    3. Clateral diffusion of phospholipids within the bilayer happens frequently
    4. Dtwo of these
    5. Enone of these
21. 21what does 'phase transition mean with regard to cell membranes

    1. Ashorter FA tails increase transition temperature of lipids
    2. Blipid bilayers are more fluid & mobile at higher temperatures
    3. Caddition of double bonds to lipids decreases their transition temperature
    4. Dtwo of these
    5. Enone of these
    6. Fall of these
22. 22which does not affect membrane fluidity

    1. Atemperature
    2. Bwater content
    3. Clipid content
    4. Dcholesterol content
    5. Esaturation of FA tails
23. 23what is the main role of cholesterol in cell membrane

    1. Amaintains membrane fluidity by separating phospholipids so their fatty acid chains cant come together too close to crystallize
    2. Bcholesterol makes the outer membrane surface less permeable to water soluble molecules
    3. Ccholesterol firms & stabilizes the cell membrane, making it less fluid
    4. Dhelps secure important proteins in the membrane
    5. Eall of these
24. 24what is a fibroblast

    1. Acell in connective tissue that secretes ECM
    2. Bstructural protein that supports ECM
    3. CProtein that connects the cell cytoskeleton to ECM
    4. Depithelial cell that supports cell communication
25. 25which of the following is the major function of the extra cellular matrix

    1. Aimportant for tissue healing processes
    2. Bprovides structural support to neighboring cells
    3. Csegregation tissues from one another
    4. Dbear most of the mechanical stress that tissues are subjected to
    5. Eall of these
26. 26what makes up the ground substance

    1. Acarbohydrates such as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) & some proteoglycans
    2. BGlycosaminoglycans & proteins such as collagen
    3. Ccollagen, elastin, & some other proteins
    4. DGAGs, proteins such as collagen & also non-collage proteins such as proteoglycans
27. 27what are the main types of collagen in mammals

    1. A1 & 2
    2. B2 & 3
    3. C1 & 3
    4. D1 & 5
28. 28select the true statement

    1. APhosphatidylcholine is an inner plasma membrane
    2. BSpihingomyelin is not an outer plasma membrane
    3. Cphosphatidylserine is an inner plasma membrane
    4. Dphosphateidylethanolamine is not an inner plasma membrane
29. 29The main type of protein that makes up connective tissue and is very strong is called collagen fibers.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
30. 30What role do integrins play in regards to the ECM

    1. Alink the cytoskeleton
    2. Bproduce & secrete all things that make up ECM
    3. Ccontrol both temperature extremes
    4. Dlead to the formation of kinks
31. 31Label the picture:

    

    1. AEpithelial Tissue
    2. BGround Substance
    3. CCollagen Fibers
    4. DBasal Lamina
32. 32Which is not a function of cell junctions

    1. Abond cells together
    2. Bbuild up paracellular barrier of epithelia
    3. Cenable communication between neighboring cells
    4. Dincrease stress placed upon cells
    5. Econtrol paracellular transport
33. 33Cell junctions consist of multiprotein complexes that provide contact between neighboring cells or between cell & the ECM.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
34. 34which of the following describes tight junctions?

    1. Aconnects 2 cells together, nothing can go through
    2. Bholds 2 cells together, some things (water, ions, etc) can flow between cells
    3. Cforms a tunnel between cells
    4. Dcontains cells, fibers, and ground substance
35. 35hemidesomosomes anchor intermediate filaments in a cell to extracellular matrix

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
36. 36Biosignaling and Cell Communication are terms for the same thing

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
37. 37which of the following describes biosignaling?

    1. Athe ability of cells to receive signals from outside their plasma membrane
    2. Bthe conversion of information into a chemical change
    3. Cthe ability of cells to act on signals from outside their plasma membrane
    4. Dthe number of affected molecules increases geometrically in an enzyme cascade
    5. Esignal molecules fits binding site on it complementary receptor
38. 38Label the points on the simple intracellular signaling pathway

    

    1. ASignal
    2. Breceptor
    3. Ccell membrane
    4. Dtransduction & information conversion
    5. Eresponse
39. 39in the simple intracellular signaling pathway, a response always involves a mechanical process

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
40. 40signal transductions are ....

    1. Ahighly specific & extremely sensitive
    2. Bdescribed by dissociation constant Kd
    3. CThe ability of a system to receive multiple signals & produce unified & appropriate response
    4. Da continuous presence of signals that cause desensitization of receptor system
    5. Eachieved by precise molecular complementarity between signal & receptor molecules
41. 41select all that are true about ligands

    1. Asubstance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose
    2. Balso called 1st messengers
    3. Calso called 2nd messengers
    4. Donly function is to change properties of a receptor
42. 42Antagonists are structural analogs to specific ligands that bind to a receptor & mimic effects of its natural ligand

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
43. 43sometimes the affinity of a synthetic agonist or antagonist for the receptor is greater than that of natural agonist

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
44. 44regardless of the nature of the extracellular signal molecule, the target cells responds by means of a neurotransmitter.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
45. 45Neurotransmitters transmit signals across a chemical synapse from

    1. A1 neuron to another target synapse
    2. Bneuron to muscle cells
    3. Cneuron to gland cells
    4. Dneuron to ligand
    5. Eneuron to agonist
    6. Fneuron to antagonist
46. 46there are two receptor locations, cell surface which are _______ signal molecules and Intracellular which are _____ signal molecules

    1. Aintracellular targets, effector proteins
    2. Beffector proteins, intracellular targets
    3. Chydrophobic, hydrophilic
    4. Dhydrophilic, hydrophobic
    5. ENone of these
47. 47Which of the following is not a cell surface receptor?

    1. AG-protein coupled receptors
    2. BIntegrins
    3. CLigands - gated ion channels
    4. DDiacylglycerol
    5. Eall of these
    6. Fnone of these
48. 48cAMP, IP3, and Ca2+ are all water insoluble molecules located within the cytosol

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
49. 49define autocrine

    1. Asignals are produced by target cell & stay within this cell
    2. Bsignals are produced by target cell, are secreted, & affect the target cell itself via receptors
    3. Csignals target cells nearby emitting cell
    4. Dsignals target distant cell, via hormones that are released into the bloodstream
50. 50define intracrine

    1. Asignals are produced by target cell & stay within this cell
    2. Bsignals are produced by target cell, secreted, and affect the target cell itself via receptors
    3. Csignals target cells nearby the emitting cell
    4. Dsignals target distant cell, via hormones that are released into the bloodstream
51. 51paracrine signals target cells nearby the emitting cell (ex. neurotransitters)

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
52. 52[blank_start]endocrine[blank_end] signals target distant cell, via hormones that are released into the bloodstream

    1. Aendocrine
53. 53what are molecular switches?

    1. Aproteins that help relay the signal into the cell by either generating second messengers or activating the next signaling or effector protein in the pathway
    2. Bsecond messengers
    3. Cfirst messengers
    4. Dsubstance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose
    5. Eprotein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside the cell
54. 54cell surface receptors differ mainly in how quickly they can be activated.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
55. 55Enzyme-linked receptors activated in [blank_start]hours[blank_end]
    Ligand - gated ion channels activated in [blank_start]milliseconds[blank_end]
    G protein - coupled receptors activated in [blank_start]seconds[blank_end]
    

    1. Ahours
    2. Bmilliseconds
    3. Cseconds
    4. Ddays
    5. Eweeks
    6. Fminutes
    7. Gnanoseconds
    8. Hmonths
    9. Iyears
56. 56all G-proteins share this/these common feature(s)...

    1. Acan become activated & then, after a short time, can inactivate themselves
    2. Bserve as molecular binary switches with built in timers
    3. Cgenerated in large amounts in response to cell activation
    4. Ddiffuse away from their source and spread signal to other parts of receptor
57. 57which of the following second messengers is not a water soluble molecule

    1. ACalcium
    2. BIP3
    3. CcAMP
    4. DDAG
58. 58most systems adapt to continued presence of signal by becoming less sensitive in a process called...

    1. Adesensitization
    2. Bsignal termination
    3. Cepinephrin cascade
    4. Dcontrolled activation
    5. Estaged termination
59. 59what is the purpose of a ligand?

    1. Ato bind specifically to one type of receptor
    2. Bto bind specifically to a number of different receptors
    3. Cto form a complex with G proteins
    4. Dto serve as a substrate for enzymes
    5. Eall of the above
60. 60a neurotransmitter can be a:

    1. Afirst messenger
    2. Bsecond messenger
    3. Csmall peptide or amino acid
    4. Dreceptor ligand
    5. Esignal molecule
    6. Fsteroid hormone
61. 61which of these are second messengers

    1. AcAMP
    2. BcGMP
    3. CCalcium
    4. DPotassium
    5. EIP3
    6. FPIP2
62. 62a signal that is released by specialized cells into the bloodstream and binds to receptors on distant target cells is called?

    1. Aautocrine
    2. Bendocrine
    3. Cintracrine
    4. Djuxtacrine
    5. Eparacrine
63. 63what does a kinase do

    1. Aremove a phosphate group from a molecule
    2. Badd a phosphate group to a molecule
    3. Cmove a phosphate group to a water molecule
    4. Ddephosphorylate an enzyme
    5. Euse energy provided by ATP to transfer new C- or N- groups to a molecule
64. 64which of the following is not true about G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs)

    1. Abind to a stimulatory or inhibitory G protein
    2. Bare integral transmembrane proteins
    3. Ccatalyze the synthesis of cAMP from ATP
    4. Dbinding to a specific ligand activates them
    5. Eligand binding causes a conformational change that activates an attached G-protein
65. 65what happens immediately first when a G - protein coupled receptor binds to its specific signal protein

    1. Aalpha subunit dissociates from the beta & gamma subunits & exchanges GDP for GTP
    2. Balpha subunit dissociates from the beta & gamma subunits & a GTPase is activated
    3. CG protein moves to adenylyl cyclase & activates the enzyme
    4. DG protein catalyzes the synthesis of the second messenger cAMP
    5. EG protein catalyzes the synthesis of the second messenger cGMP
66. 66how does the G-protein become switched off again

    1. Ag protein complex separates into alpha, beta, & gamma units & is switched off
    2. Bthe g- protein's intrinsic GTPase hydrolyses GTP back to GDP, switching off the G-protein
    3. Calpha unit removes itself from the adenylyl cyclase & switched off
    4. DcAMP is degraded by PDE switching the G protein off
    5. Elow rates of cAMP deactivate adenylyl cylase & switch off the G protein
67. 67which 2nd messenger is activated by a Gq-protein via phospholipase C & binds to a receptor on the ER, causing the release of stored Calcium into the cytosol

    1. AcAMP
    2. BcGMP
    3. CIP3
    4. DPhosphatidyl inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
    5. EDAG
68. 68what is calmodulin?

    1. Aan enzyme with kinase function
    2. Ba calcium binding protein
    3. Ca protein that when activated by a special ligand can modulate activity of other proteins
    4. Dall of these
    5. Enone of these
69. 69which of these cell-surface receptors does not transduce signals via activation of an enzyme

    1. AGated ion channel
    2. BG-protein
    3. Creceptor tyrosine kinase
    4. Dreceptor guanylyl cyclase
    5. Ereceptor threonine/serine kinase
70. 70what does a receptor tyrosine kinase require for activation & signal transduction to take place?

    1. Asignal molecule/ligand
    2. Bsecond messenger
    3. CATP
    4. DAutophophorylation
    5. EA G-protein
71. 71which of the following is not a way that target cells become desensitized to a signal molecule?

    1. Areceptor sequestration
    2. Breceptor down - regulation
    3. Creceptor activation
    4. Dinactivation of signaling protein
    5. Eproduction of inhibitory protein
72. 72cAMP acts as a first messenger

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
73. 73G proteins act exclusively by regulating the activity of enzymes.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
74. 74which is not a intracellular response triggered by Ca2+

    1. Aexocytosis in neurons
    2. Bendocytosis in muscle cells
    3. Ccontraction in muscle
    4. Dcytoskeletal movement in amoeba
75. 75calcium binds to & modulates the activity of many different proteins

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
76. 76which of the following does not have to do with endocytosis

    1. Aphagocytosis
    2. Bpinocytosis
    3. Creceptor mediated endocytosis
    4. Dingestion of large or small particles
    5. Eimportant for receptor recycling
    6. Fimportant for signal transmission from membrane to nucleus
    7. Ginitiated when receptors become deactivated
77. 77Phagocytosis is the ingestion of small particles

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
78. 78pinocytosis is not the ingestion of small particles or liquids

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
79. 79lipophilic signals are carried by proteins in the blood from which they associate before entering the target cell

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
80. 80which of the following is incorrect regarding intracellular receptors

    1. Aare receptors of the signal
    2. Bintracellular effectors of the signal
    3. Cbind to their respective intracellular receptor proteins and alter the ability of these proteins to control the transcription of specific genes
    4. Dmediates the passage of an electrical signal at some types of synapses & at the neuromuscular junction
    5. Eall of these
    6. Fnone of these
81. 81amplification is enzymes activating more enzymes

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
82. 82ligands...

    1. Adeactivate molecules
    2. Bare very specific
    3. Cactivate molecules
    4. Dglue that holds cells together
83. 83first messengers are always intracellular and consist of IP3, Ca, DAG, cAMP

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
84. 84agonsit effect would be...

    1. Amimicking the natural effect
    2. Bstopping the response
    3. Cincreasing the response
    4. Ddecreasing the response
85. 85paracrine signals leave via the bloodstream to target cells

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
86. 86what secondary messenger triggers pKa

    1. ACa
    2. BPIP2
    3. CIP3
    4. DcAMP

Description

Block 3 Practice Exams Quiz on Cell Bio Block Exam 3 Practice , created by Ashlynn 2013 on 03/11/2020.

Author

Ashlynn 2013

Language

English

Views

58

Tags

block 3 practice exams

Rating

No ratings yet

Rate this quiz

Rate this quiz

More on Cell Membrane Structure