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Astronomy 235- Dr Miroshninchenko Midterm Review 2015

Description

Based on the study guide (2015) for Dr. Miroshninchenko's midterm exam for Astronomy 235 at UNCG.
Courtney Swartz
Quiz by Courtney Swartz, updated more than 1 year ago
Courtney Swartz
Created by Courtney Swartz over 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is the age of the Universe?
Answer
  • 13 billion years
  • 14 billion years
  • 13 million years
  • 14 million years

Question 2

Question
Who were the most influential figures in the history of astronomy?
Answer
  • Kepler and Brahe
  • Eratosthenes and Ptolemy
  • Galileo and Copernicus
  • Socrates and Aristotle
  • All of the above

Question 3

Question
[blank_start]Eratosthenes[blank_end] was the first to measure the [blank_start]circumference[blank_end] of the Earth which helped to prove the Earth wasn't flat. Copernicus developed the heliocentric system and believed in [blank_start]perfect circle[blank_end] revolutions of the planets. Ptolemy's discoveries include developing the Ptolemaic universe model which was [blank_start]earth-centered[blank_end], [blank_start]epicycles[blank_end], and cataloging 1028 stars positions. [blank_start]Brahe[blank_end] is responsible for [blank_start]Tycho[blank_end]'s quadrant which is [blank_start]1/4[blank_end] of [blank_start]an arch[blank_end], used to measure positions, precision of the angular observant, and [blank_start]one[blank_end] second of [blank_start]an arc[blank_end]. The [blank_start]ellips[blank_end] orbit was discovered/hypothesized about by [blank_start]Kepler[blank_end]. Galileo discovered [blank_start]sunspots[blank_end], mountains and valleys on [blank_start]the moon,[blank_end] the [blank_start]four[blank_end] moons of [blank_start]Jupiter[blank_end], phases of [blank_start]venus[blank_end], and used the first telescope as a scientific instrument. Kepler is also responsible for [blank_start]3 laws[blank_end]. The first is that planets have elliptical orbits. The second is that when a planet is [blank_start]closer[blank_end] to the sun it moves [blank_start]faster[blank_end] than when it is [blank_start]further away[blank_end], and the [blank_start]third[blank_end] is that you can measure the [blank_start]orbit[blank_end] period of a planet that orbits around the sun and convert it to [blank_start]Earth years[blank_end] and then [blank_start]square[blank_end] it and the [blank_start]cubed root[blank_end] will be it's [blank_start]AU[blank_end] from the sun.
Answer
  • Eratosthenes
  • Kepler
  • Galileo
  • Brahe
  • Ptolemy
  • Tycho
  • radius
  • diameter
  • circumference
  • surface area
  • elliptical
  • rectangular
  • irregular
  • perfect circle
  • heliocentric
  • sun-centered
  • earth-centered
  • moon-centered
  • Tycho
  • Brahe
  • Kepler
  • Eratosthenes
  • Tycho
  • Eratosthenes
  • Brahe
  • Andromeda
  • 1/2
  • 1/8
  • 1/3
  • 1/4
  • 1/16
  • an ellipse
  • a circle
  • an arch
  • an arc
  • an ellipse
  • a circle
  • one
  • two
  • three
  • four
  • ellipse
  • circular
  • irregular
  • Kepler
  • Copernicus
  • Brahe
  • Newton
  • sunspots
  • solar flares
  • sun storms
  • the moon,
  • Venus
  • Mars
  • Mercury
  • Jupiter's moons
  • one
  • five
  • two
  • three
  • four
  • Saturn
  • Jupiter
  • Uranus
  • Neptune
  • Mercury
  • Venus
  • the moon
  • 3 laws of gravity
  • 4 laws of gravity
  • 4 laws
  • 3 laws
  • third
  • Pick the other one.
  • further away
  • closer
  • slower
  • faster
  • further away
  • closer
  • orbit
  • revoltionary
  • astronomical units
  • light years
  • Earth years
  • divide
  • cube
  • square
  • multiply
  • cubed root
  • square root
  • product
  • quotient
  • light years
  • astronomical units
  • Earth years
  • epicycles
  • ellipses
  • gravity

Question 4

Question
Roughly, how many stars are in the Milky Way galaxy?
Answer
  • 100 million
  • 100 trillion
  • 100 billion
  • 100 thousand

Question 5

Question
Roughly how many galaxies are there in the Universe?
Answer
  • 100 million
  • 100 billion
  • 100 trillion
  • 100 thousand

Question 6

Question
A [blank_start]galaxy[blank_end] is a huge collection of anywhere from a few hundred million to more than a trillion [blank_start]stars[blank_end], all bound together by [blank_start]gravity[blank_end].
Answer
  • galaxy
  • stars
  • gravity

Question 7

Question
Why does the milky way look like a band from Earth? Note: outline of sight lies in the plane of the galaxy.
Answer
  • We are in the bulge and can only see the flat arms of the galaxy.
  • We are on the arms and cannot see anything but the rest of the arm spread out around us.
  • We are in the bulge and cannot see anything beyond the bulge.
  • We are on the arm and see the disk

Question 8

Question
Retrograde motion as explained by the [blank_start]Ptolemaic[blank_end] system is where the planets orbited around the [blank_start]Earth[blank_end] but also [blank_start]orbited around[blank_end] a fixed point within a smaller [blank_start]orbit[blank_end] similar to how the [blank_start]moon orbits Earth[blank_end] and [blank_start]Earth orbits the sun[blank_end]. The [blank_start]Copernican[blank_end] system explains retrograde motion by claiming the [blank_start]planets[blank_end] orbited around [blank_start]the sun[blank_end] in [blank_start]perfect circles[blank_end].
Answer
  • Ptolemaic
  • Copernican
  • Newtonian
  • Braheaic
  • Sun
  • Earth
  • moon
  • revolutioned around
  • circled around
  • orbited around
  • axis
  • revolution
  • gravitational pull
  • orbit
  • Jupiter orbits the sun
  • the Earth orbits the sun
  • the moon orbits the Earth
  • Jupiter's moons orbit each other
  • the moon orbits around the Earth
  • Earth orbits the sun
  • the moon orbits the Sun
  • Earth orbits the moon
  • the Ptolemaic
  • the Eratosthenic
  • the Keplarian
  • the Copernican
  • the planets
  • the sun
  • the moon
  • the Earth
  • +the sun
  • +the Earth
  • +the planets
  • +the moon
  • irregular patterns
  • ellipses
  • perfect circles
  • imperfect circles

Question 9

Question
What is direct proof the Earth is not stationary?
Answer
  • parallax
  • stellar parallax
  • the seasons
  • the clouds

Question 10

Question
What elementary (subatomic) particles make up atoms?
Answer
  • protons
  • neutrons
  • electrons
  • both 1 and 2
  • both 1 and 3
  • both 2 and 3

Question 11

Question
What are the main parameters of an EM wave (wavelength, frequency, amplitude)?
Answer
  • travel through space with a speed c=> their wavelengths ^(greek letter) and frequency f are related
  • travel through space with a speed c=< their wavelengths ^(greek letter) and frequency f are related
  • travel through space with a speed c=> their wavelengths ^(greek letter) and frequency f are not related
  • travel through space with a speed c=< their wavelengths ^(greek letter) and frequency f are not related

Question 12

Question
What is the place of the visible light in the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum?
Answer
  • the beginning
  • the end
  • outside of it
  • the middle

Question 13

Question
How are a photon's energy and frequency (wavelength) are connected?
Answer
  • The higher the frequency, the more energy it produces.
  • The lower the frequency the more energy it produces.
  • The higher the frequency the less energy it produces

Question 14

Question
What elementary particle is responsible for emitting radiation in atoms?
Answer
  • photon
  • neutron
  • proton
  • electron

Question 15

Question
What does the law of conservation of angular momentum state?
Answer
  • an external force must act on an object for momentum to occur
  • an external force must not act on an object for momentum to occur
  • momentum cannot be created or destroyed it simply exists
  • momentum must be created by a constant application of force

Question 16

Question
What are the consequences of the law of angular momentum?
Answer
  • inverse correlation
  • reverse correlation
  • faster movement to conserve angular momentum
  • slower movement to conserve angular momentum

Question 17

Question
What kind of frequencies (wavelengths) and energies do different types of photons have (for example, X-rays have high frequencies, low wavelengths, and high energies)?
Answer
  • Low-energy photons, like radio photons, tend to behave more like waves, while higher energy photons (i.e. X-rays) behave more like particles.
  • I don't know
  • High-energy photons, like radio photons, tend to behave more like particles, while lower energy photons (i.e. X-rays) behave more like waves

Question 18

Question
The regions of the EM spectrum are:
Answer
  • Ultraviolet radiation, Visible radiation, Infrared radiation, Terahertz radiation, and Microwave radiation
  • Gamma radiation, X-ray radiation, Ultraviolet radiation, infrared radiation, and radio waves
  • Gamma radiation, X-ray radiation, Ultraviolet radiation, Visible radiation, Infrared radiation, Terahertz radiation, Microwave radiation, and Radio waves
  • Gamma radiation, X-ray radiation, Infrared radiation, and Radio waves

Question 19

Question
What are the basic properties of all EM waves? (Electromagnetic)
Answer
  • waves travel parallel to each other
  • waves travel perpendicular to each other
  • same amplitude and wavelength
  • same frequency and wavelength
  • same frequency, amplitude, and wavelength

Question 20

Question
What happens when radiation is emitted or absorbed by an atom?
Answer
  • Photons are created
  • Light is created
  • photons are destroyed
  • darkness is created

Question 21

Question
What mirror size do the largest telescopes in the world have?
Answer
  • 10m diameter
  • 20m diameter
  • 100m diameter
  • 1000m diameter

Question 22

Question
Which of the following statements best describes the two principal advantages of telescopes over eyes?
Answer
  • Telescopes can collect far more light with far better angular resolution
  • Telescopes can collect far more light with far greater magnification
  • Telescopes have much more magnification and better angular resolution
  • Telescopes collect more light and are unaffected by twinkling
  • Telescopes can see farther without image distortion and can record more accurate colors

Question 23

Question
Which of the following was not discovered by Galileo?
Answer
  • phases of Venus
  • stellar parallax
  • mountains and valleys on the moon
  • 4 moons of jupiter
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