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Chapter 2. Protein Composition and Structure

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Biochemistry
Amy Arce
Quiz by Amy Arce, updated more than 1 year ago
Amy Arce
Created by Amy Arce over 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is the function of insulin?
Answer
  • Treat diabetes
  • Protein hormone
  • crucial to maintaining salt levels at appropriate levels
  • crucial to maintaining blood sugar at appropriate levels

Question 2

Question
One of the key properties of proteins are?
Answer
  • Proteins are perpendicular polymers composed of amino acids
  • proteins have a wide variety of functional groups
  • Proteins can not interact with one another and other macromolecules to form complexes
  • All proteins are rigid and flexible

Question 3

Question
A primary structure is ?
Answer
  • Chains of amino acids in a specific sequence
  • Entire chains fold into well defined structures
  • Amino acids close to one another within a sequence can fold into regular structures
  • Composed of multiple polypeptide chains called subunits

Question 4

Question
Alpha helix and beta strands are examples of secondary structures formed by adjacent alpha strands
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 5

Question
Globular proteins such as myoglobin is an example of primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary structure?
Answer
  • Primary
  • Secondary
  • Tertiary
  • Quaternary

Question 6

Question
Hemoglobin is an example of a quaternary structure
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
What are the functions of enzymes?
Answer
  • Degrades DNA
  • Degrades RNA
  • Catalyst

Question 8

Question
Myofibrils is an example of a protein
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
Four classes of amino acids are as followed: [blank_start]Hydrophobic[blank_end] amino acids, [blank_start]Polar[blank_end] amino acids, [blank_start]Positively[blank_end] charged amino acids, and [blank_start]Negatively[blank_end] charged amino acids
Answer
  • Hydrophobic
  • Polar
  • Positively
  • Negatively

Question 10

Question
What are the components of an amino acid?
Answer
  • Carbon
  • Nitrogen
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Amino group
  • R group
  • L group

Question 11

Question
Only the R isomer is found in proteins
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
At neutral pH amino acids primarily exist in the [blank_start]zwitterions[blank_end] form
Answer
  • zwitterions

Question 13

Question
Which amino acid is a hydrophobic amino acid?
Answer
  • Glycine
  • Serine
  • Arginine
  • Aspartic Acid

Question 14

Question
Positively charged amino acids are
Answer
  • Histidine
  • Tyrosine
  • Leucine
  • Arginine
  • Isoleucine
  • Lysine

Question 15

Question
Polar amino acids are
Answer
  • Serine
  • Valine
  • Threonine
  • Tyrosine
  • Glutamine
  • Cysteine
  • Methionine
  • Asparagine

Question 16

Question
Negatively charged amino acids consist of [blank_start]Aspartic[blank_end] acid and [blank_start]Glutamic[blank_end] Acid
Answer
  • Aspartic
  • Glutamic

Question 17

Question
Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, and Methionine are examples of what amino acid?
Answer
  • Polar
  • Positively charged
  • Hydrophobic
  • Negatively charged

Question 18

Question
Glycine, alanine, proline, valine and serine are examples of hydrophobic amino acids
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Peptide bonds are planar
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
Amino acids are linked by
Answer
  • peptide bonds to form Polypeptide chains
  • alpha helix
  • beta sheets
  • disulfide bonds

Question 21

Question
Most proteins consist of [blank_start]50[blank_end] to [blank_start]2000[blank_end] amino acids
Answer
  • 50
  • 2000

Question 22

Question
Polypeptide chain can be cross-linked by sulfide bonds
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Secondary structure
Answer
  • Polypeptide chains that fold into regular structures such as alpha helix, and beta sheet
  • Hemoglobin
  • Myoglobin
  • Chains of amino acids in a specific sequence

Question 24

Question
Alpha helix are
Answer
  • Coiled structures stabilized by intracain hydrogen bonds
  • Stabilized by hydrogen bonds between polypeptide strands
  • Not as rod like, fully extended not tightly coiled

Question 25

Question
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Answer
  • Defect in collagen, Brittle bone disease occurs if a mutation results in the substitution of another amino acid in place of glycine
  • lack of vitamin C preventing hydroxylation of collagen leading to abnormalities in collagen
  • absence of vitamin K leading to proteins not being carboxylated

Question 26

Question
Tertiary structure
Answer
  • Refers to spatial arrangement of amino acids that are far apart in the primary structure and to the pattern of disulfide bond formation
  • Can be as simple as two identical polypeptide chains or as complex as dozens of different polypeptide chains
  • Three-dimensional structure formed by hydrogen bonds between peptide NH and CO groups of amino acids that near one another in the primary structure

Question 27

Question
Keratin and collagen are examples of fibrous proteins
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
Myoglobin is found within your [blank_start]muscle[blank_end] and [blank_start]binds oxygen[blank_end] on your muscle
Answer
  • muscle
  • binds oxygen

Question 29

Question
Quaternary structure
Answer
  • Hemoglobin
  • Globular proteins
  • Spatial arrangement of subunits and their nature of their interaction
  • Spatial arrangement of amino acids that are far apart in the primary structure
  • Structure assemble with other chains to form arrays such as the complex of six insulin molecules
  • Myoglobin

Question 30

Question
Hemoglobin is an example of tertiary structure?
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 31

Question
Proteins can be denatured by any treatment that disrupts the weak bonds stabilizing tertiary structure such as
Answer
  • Heating
  • Denaturants

Question 32

Question
Scurvy is an example of a disease that results from dysfunctional protein modification and is due to?
Answer
  • Lack of vitamin D which prevents hydroxylation of collagen
  • Lack of vitamin C which prevents hydroxylation of collagen leading to abnormalities in collagen
  • due to absence of vitamin K leading to clotting proteins not being carboxylated

Question 33

Question
Hemorrhaging is due to the absence of vitamin K
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 34

Question
Amyloidoses plaques cause disease such as
Answer
  • Alzheimer's
  • Parkinson's
  • Huntington's
  • HIV
  • Osteogenesis imperfecta
  • Sickle cell

Question 35

Question
The function of a promoter is to initiate process or transcription
Answer
  • True
  • False
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