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BioMed II Exam 2

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Lectures Neoplasia I and II
Monica Werner
Quiz by Monica Werner, updated more than 1 year ago
Monica Werner
Created by Monica Werner over 1 year ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
A mature adult has around ____________ cells.
Answer
  • 60 Trillion
  • 50 Trillion
  • 100 Trillion
  • 10 Trillion

Question 2

Question
There are [blank_start]300[blank_end] different cell types in a normal human body, however, there are [blank_start]301[blank_end] different cell types in someone who has developed cancer.
Answer
  • 300
  • 301

Question 3

Question
Proliferation is used for:
Answer
  • Growth
  • Apoptosis
  • Replenishment
  • Necrosis

Question 4

Question
On average, _________ cells die and replenish every second.
Answer
  • 10 million
  • 15 million
  • 2 million
  • 5 million

Question 5

Question
Which of these cell types have a "lifetime" longevity?
Answer
  • Skin Cells
  • Bone Cells
  • Neurons
  • Muscle Cells
  • Spermatozoa
  • Oocytes

Question 6

Question
Match the method of cell death with its definition. [blank_start]Apoptosis[blank_end] --> The cell agrees to kill itself due to medium damage. [blank_start]Necrosis[blank_end] --> The cell is killed due to extreme damage. [blank_start]Senescence[blank_end] --> The cell agrees to stop replicating due to small damage.
Answer
  • Necrosis
  • Apoptosis
  • Senescence
  • Apoptosis
  • Necrosis
  • Senescence
  • Senescence
  • Apoptosis
  • Necrosis

Question 7

Question
In the word Apoptosis. "apo" means [blank_start]near[blank_end] and "ptosis" means [blank_start]drooping[blank_end].
Answer
  • near
  • drooping

Question 8

Question
Organize the differences between Necrosis and Apoptosis. Necrosis: - Death of [blank_start]Healthy[blank_end] Cells - [blank_start]Premature[blank_end] Death - [blank_start]Lots[blank_end] of chemicals and invading microbes - Very [blank_start]Fast[blank_end] death - [blank_start]"Kill and Spill"[blank_end] - [blank_start]Inflammation[blank_end] Response Apoptosis: - Death of [blank_start]Unhealthy[blank_end] Cells - [blank_start]Natural[blank_end] Death - [blank_start]Small amounts[blank_end] of chemicals and invading microbes - Very [blank_start]Slow[blank_end] Death - [blank_start]"Tag and Bag"[blank_end] - [blank_start]Minimal[blank_end] Response
Answer
  • Healthy
  • Unhealthy
  • Premature
  • Natural
  • Lots
  • Small Amounts
  • Fast
  • Slow
  • "Kill and Spill"
  • "Tag and Bag"
  • Inflammation
  • Minimal
  • Unhealthy
  • Healthy
  • Natural
  • Premature
  • Small amounts
  • Lots
  • Slow
  • Fast
  • "Tag and Bag"
  • "Kill and Spill"
  • Minimal
  • Inflammation

Question 9

Question
Old and Damaged cells are replenished by what type of cells?
Answer
  • Bone Marrow Cells
  • Stem Cells
  • Blood Cells
  • They are not replenished

Question 10

Question
[blank_start]Stem[blank_end] cells are considered "Immortal". [blank_start]Progenitor[blank_end] cells are considered "Mortal". [blank_start]Mature[blank_end] Cells are "Terminal".
Answer
  • Stem
  • Progenitor
  • Mature

Question 11

Question
All tissues have stem cells.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
Similarities between Stem cells and Tumor Cells include:
Answer
  • High Proliferation Rates
  • Potential to Migrate
  • Can remain Quiescent for long periods of time
  • Resistant to Apoptosis
  • Resistant to Toxin Infiltration

Question 13

Question
The most common cause of tumors are genetic changes in DNA.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
[blank_start]Deletions and Duplications[blank_end] change the number of genes which results in excessive or dysfunctional production of proteins. [blank_start]Mutations[blank_end] result in a change in sequence and function and can be hereditary or acquired over time. [blank_start]Epigenetic changes[blank_end] happen when something latches onto the gene or DNA sequence changing the functionality
Answer
  • Deletions and Duplications
  • Mutations
  • Epigenetic Changes
  • Mutations
  • Deletions and Dupications
  • Epigenetic Changes
  • Epigenetic changes
  • Mutations
  • Deletions and Duplications

Question 15

Question
If someone does not have Cancer, they do not have any tumor causing mutations within their DNA.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
Mutations can be Inherited or Acquired over time.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
[blank_start]Malignant Tumors[blank_end] spread to other tissues while [blank_start]Benign Tumors[blank_end] remain within a specific connective tissue area.
Answer
  • Malignant Tumors
  • Benign Tumors
  • Benign Tumors
  • Malignant Tumors

Question 18

Question
The zodiac sign "Cancer" was named such based off of the fact that "Cancer" the disease resembled a crab.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
What determines the difference between a Benign tumor and a Malignant tumor is the number and type of mutations.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
Benign Tumors are completely harmless.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
Problems that can be caused by benign tumors include:
Answer
  • Direct Physical Problems
  • Indirect Physical Problems
  • Chemical Problems
  • Cosmetic Concerns
  • Benign Tumors are Harmless and Do Not cause Problems

Question 22

Question
Any abnormal mass is considered a tumor.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Moles always form before Adulthood.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
What type of benign tumor is the most common to arise during adulthood?
Answer
  • Papilloma
  • Osteoma
  • Lipoma
  • Myoma

Question 25

Question
What percentage of malignant tumors are inherited?
Answer
  • 20%
  • 25%
  • 30%
  • 15%

Question 26

Question
Some cancers are more inheritable than others.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
Gene mutations can be acquired from:
Answer
  • Radiation
  • Viruses
  • Carcinogens
  • Phytochemicals
  • Chronic Inflammation

Question 28

Question
The top 4 viral causes of cancer in order are: 1. [blank_start]Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)[blank_end]
Answer
  • Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
  • Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
  • Hepatitis c Virus (HCV)
  • Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
  • Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
  • Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
  • Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
  • Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
  • Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
  • Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
  • Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
  • Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
  • Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
  • Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
  • Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
  • Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)

Question 29

Question
Cells that replicate more are more at risk to form Cancer.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 30

Question
Put the steps of cell replication initiation in order: 1. [blank_start]Ligand[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Receptor[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Signaling Molecules[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]Cell Cycle Progression[blank_end] 5. [blank_start]Cell Replication[blank_end]
Answer
  • Ligand
  • Receptor
  • Signaling Molecules
  • Cell Cycle Progression
  • Cell Replication

Question 31

Question
Excess production of which proteins result in excess cell proliferation?
Answer
  • BRCA
  • EGF
  • HER2
  • p53
  • Ras

Question 32

Question
Proto-oncogene stands for "Early Cancer Gene" because the normal version of this gene can be mutated into a cancer causing gene.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 33

Question
Increasing the amount of HER2 receptors in a cell increases the amount of signals being sent which then decreases the rate of cell proliferation.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 34

Question
When there is a small amount of DNA damage detected, which proteins are activated to inhibit the cell cycle progression?
Answer
  • P16
  • BRCA
  • p53
  • HER2
  • Ras

Question 35

Question
When there is a small amount of DNA damage detected and the cell cycle is paused, which proteins start repairing the damaged DNA?
Answer
  • P16
  • BRCA
  • p53
  • HER2
  • Ras

Question 36

Question
When a large amount of DNA damage is detected, which proteins are activated to induce apoptosis?
Answer
  • P16
  • BRCA
  • p53
  • HER2
  • Ras

Question 37

Question
The most mutated gene in all cancers is:
Answer
  • P16
  • BRCA
  • p53
  • HER2
  • Ras

Question 38

Question
The [blank_start]primary[blank_end] site is the origin of the tumor while the [blank_start]secondary[blank_end] site is where the tumor has traveled to.
Answer
  • primary
  • secondary

Question 39

Question
Cancer cells travel through the [blank_start]blood[blank_end] or [blank_start]lymph[blank_end] vessels.
Answer
  • blood
  • lymph

Question 40

Question
Metastasis relies on more [blank_start]replication[blank_end] and less [blank_start]apoptosis[blank_end] of cells.
Answer
  • replication
  • apoptosis

Question 41

Question
The steps of Metastasis in order: 1. [blank_start]More Replication & Less Apoptosis[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Evasion[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Loss of Contact Inhibition[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]Angiogenesis[blank_end] 5. [blank_start]Emigration[blank_end] 6. [blank_start]Immigration[blank_end]
Answer
  • More Replication & Less Apoptosis
  • Evasion
  • Loss of Contact Inhibition
  • Angiogenesis
  • Emigration
  • Immigration

Question 42

Question
Cancer cells tend to invade tissues similar to their primary site tissues.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 43

Question
Match the 5 Major Types of Cancer with their definitions. [blank_start]Carcinomas[blank_end] --> Cancer of the Epithelial Cells [blank_start]Melanomas[blank_end] --> Cancer of Melanocytes [blank_start]Sarcomas[blank_end] --> Cancer of the Connective Tissues [blank_start]Myeloid Leukemia[blank_end] --> Cancer of Mast, Baso, Eosin, Neutro, or Monocytes [blank_start]Lymphoid Leukemia[blank_end] --> Cancer of the Lymphocytes
Answer
  • Carcinomas
  • Melanomas
  • Sarcomas
  • Myeloid Leukemia
  • Lymphoid Leukemia
  • Melanomas
  • Carcinomas
  • Sarcomas
  • Myeloid Leukemia
  • Lymphoid Leukemia
  • Sarcomas
  • Carcinomas
  • Melanomas
  • Myeloid Leukemia
  • Lymphoid Leukemia
  • Myeloid Leukemia
  • Carcinomas
  • Melanomas
  • Sarcomas
  • Lymphoid Leukemia
  • Lymphoid Leukemia
  • Carcinomas
  • Melanomas
  • Sarcomas
  • Myeloid Leukemia

Question 44

Question
All of these can be symptoms of cancer EXCEPT
Answer
  • Dyspnea
  • Seizures
  • Hemoptysis
  • Lymphedema
  • Jaundice
  • All of these can be symptoms of Cancer

Question 45

Question
A Patient experiencing a tumor in the bone marrow may have symptoms such as...
Answer
  • Fatigue
  • Vertigo
  • Bleeding
  • Infections

Question 46

Question
Cancer is consistently considered the [blank_start]2nd[blank_end] most common cause of death in the US.
Answer
  • 2nd
  • 1st
  • 3rd

Question 47

Question
Tumors are detectable before they become a critical mass.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 48

Question
A biopsy is considered the "[blank_start]gold standard[blank_end]" for tumor diagnosis.
Answer
  • gold standard

Question 49

Question
Tumor Detection Involves which of the following:
Answer
  • Visualization & Palpitation
  • Imaging & Observing
  • Testing
  • Sampling
  • All of the Above

Question 50

Question
In Antineoplastic surgery, Combotherapy can involve a combination of [blank_start]Surgery[blank_end], [blank_start]Radiation[blank_end], and [blank_start]Chemotherapy[blank_end].
Answer
  • Surgery
  • Radiation
  • Chemotherapy

Question 51

Question
[blank_start]Surgery and Radiation[blank_end] are usually used in early stage cancers while [blank_start]Chemotherapy[blank_end] is used in advanced stage cancers.
Answer
  • Surgery and Radiation
  • Chemotherapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Surgery and Radiation

Question 52

Question
Match the surgery type with its goal: [blank_start]Curative[blank_end] --> Removing all of the tumor to cure the patient [blank_start]Debulking[blank_end] --> Removing a large amount of the tumor to improve the prognosis of the cancer [blank_start]Palliative[blank_end] --> Removing some of the tumor to increase the comfort and quality of life for the patient
Answer
  • Curative
  • Debulking
  • Palliative
  • Debulking
  • Curative
  • Palliative
  • Palliative
  • Curative
  • Debulking

Question 53

Question
The general methods that chemotherapy uses to inhibit cellular replication and increase apoptosis include:
Answer
  • Inhibiting Hormone and Secreted Molecules
  • Inhibiting Kinases and Phosphate Groups
  • Using Surface Molecules and Damaging the DNA
  • Inhibiting DNA Replication and Chromosome Separation

Question 54

Question
Two Chemotherapeutic Hormone inhibitors mentioned were [blank_start]Tamoxifen[blank_end] and [blank_start]Bicalutamide[blank_end].
Answer
  • Tamoxifen
  • Bicalutamide

Question 55

Question
Replicating Cells secrete [blank_start]VEGF[blank_end] to stimulate the growth of blood vessels towards them to deliver Oxygen and Glucose
Answer
  • VEGF

Question 56

Question
An example of a medication that is a Monoclonal Antibody (MAB) targeting secreted molecules is:
Answer
  • Bevacizumab (Avastin)
  • Bendamustine (Bendeka)
  • Altretamine (Hexalen)
  • Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

Question 57

Question
An example of a medication that is a Monoclonal Antibody (MAB) targeting surface molecules is:
Answer
  • Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
  • Bendamustine (Bendeka)
  • Altretamine (Hexalen)
  • Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

Question 58

Question
A medication that is an example of a chemotherapeutic kinase inhibitor is:
Answer
  • Imatinib (Gleevec)
  • ifosfamide (Ifex)
  • Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
  • Bevacizumab (Avastin)

Question 59

Question
Which of these are Alkylating/Alkylating-like Agents?
Answer
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Cisplatin
  • Chlorambucil
  • I and II
  • II and III

Question 60

Question
Which of these are an Antimetabolite Drug?
Answer
  • Methotrexate
  • Mercaptopurine
  • Prednisone
  • 5-Flurouracil

Question 61

Question
Which of these are a Topoisomerase Inhibitor?
Answer
  • Irinotecan
  • Etoposide
  • Cisplatin
  • Bendamustine

Question 62

Question
Which of these are Antimitoic Agents?
Answer
  • Vincristine
  • Paclitaxel
  • Cyclophospamide
  • Dexamethasone

Question 63

Question
[blank_start]Primary[blank_end] Drug resistance is when Cancer is resistant to a drug before exposure. [blank_start]Acquired[blank_end] Drug resistance is when the Cancer becomes resistant over time after exposure.
Answer
  • Primary
  • Acquired

Question 64

Question
Systematic chemotherapy administration involves:
Answer
  • Intravenous Chemo
  • Oral Chemo
  • Subcutaneous Chemo
  • Intramuscular Chemo
  • Intradermal Cheo

Question 65

Question
Local chemotherapy administration methods mentioned include:
Answer
  • Intrathecal
  • Intravesical
  • Intravenous
  • Intramuscular

Question 66

Question
Drugs injected via I.V. cross BBB into the Central Nervous System.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 67

Question
Continuous Chemotherapy treatment is considered [blank_start]Rare[blank_end] while Noncontinuous treatment is [blank_start]More Common[blank_end].
Answer
  • Rare
  • More Common
  • More Common
  • Rare

Question 68

Question
Noncontinuous treatment consists of weeks of treatment and then a few days of no treatment for the healthy cells to recover.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 69

Question
Match the Chemotherapy response with its definition: [blank_start]Complete Response[blank_end] --> 100% disappearance after 1 month of treatment [blank_start]Partial Response[blank_end] --> 30% or greater decrease in tumor diameter along with no new disease [blank_start]Stable Disease[blank_end] --> Tumor has no change in size [blank_start]Progressive Disease[blank_end] --> 20% or greater increase in tumor size or Tumor has spread
Answer
  • Complete Response
  • Partial Response
  • Stable Disease
  • Progressive Disease
  • Partial Response
  • Complete Response
  • Stable Disease
  • Progressive Disease
  • Stable Disease
  • Complete Response
  • Partial Response
  • Progressive Disease
  • Progressive Disease
  • Stable Disease
  • Complete Response
  • Partial Response

Question 70

Question
The 1st FDA approved gene therapy mentioned was [blank_start]CAR-T[blank_end] therapy.
Answer
  • CAR-T

Question 71

Question
The Top 4 Modifiable Risk Factors for Cancer in Order are: 1. [blank_start]Cigarette Smoking[blank_end] 2. [blank_start]Excess Weight[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Alcohol Intake[blank_end] 4. [blank_start]UV Exposure[blank_end]
Answer
  • Cigarette Smoking
  • Excess Weight
  • Alcohol Intake
  • UV Exposure
  • Alcohol Intake
  • Cigarette Smoking
  • Excess Weight
  • UV Exposure
  • Excess Weight
  • Cigarette Smoking
  • Alcohol Intake
  • UV Exposure
  • UV Exposure
  • Cigarette Smoking
  • Excess Weight
  • Alcohol Intake

Question 72

Question
Pro-inflammation promotes Cancer.
Answer
  • True
  • False
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